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Ministry of Health, Ghana, World Health Organizaiotn (WHO) and Ghana Health Service
1
Ministry of Health, School Health Services, The Republic of Uganda
1
Ministry of Health, Zambia
1
Ministry of Public Health, Quatar
1
Ministry of Public Works, Liberia
1
Minja, N.W.
1
Misereor, Brot für die Welt, GPF
1
Modi, D., N. Dholakia, R. Gopalan, et al.
1
Monica de Castellarnau and Velina Stoianova
1
Montelongo, A.
1
Mortimer, K.
1
Mpe, M.
1
Mphahlele, R.E. et al.
1
MSF Access Campaign
1
MSMGF
1
Mugomeri, Eltony
1
Mukhtar A Adeiza, Abdullah A Abba, Juliana U Okpapi
1
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute MDPI
1
Muula, S. A. et al.
1
Mwangi, Annabel
1
Myanmar Red Cross Society
1
N. Thomson
1
NACO
1
NADMO Ghana
1
Naidoo, K.L.
1
Nakagaayi, D.
1
Nanzan University, Japan
1
NASCOP
1
Nat Commun 13, 2788 (2022)
1
National Academy of Medical Sciences
1
National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA)
1
National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Abuja Nigeria
1
National Centre for AIDS and STD Control (NCASC)
1
National Centre for Disease Control
1
National Coordinating Agency for Population and Development , Ministry of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation
1
National Department of Health (NDoH), Statistics South Africa (Stats SA), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), and ICF
1
National Health Mission
1
National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council
1
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
1
National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), ORC Macro, Johns Hopkins University and ICDDR,B
1
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR), the African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP) and UNFPA
1
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Agency for International Development
1
National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Tanzania
1
Nations Unies (ONU), Commission économique pour l’Afrique
1
Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani.
1
Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, New ERA, and ICF International
1
Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, UNICEF, J. Crum, et al.
1
Nepal Public Health Foundation
1
Nidhi Singal
1
NIPORT Bangladesh
1
Nkhalamba, L.
1
Norwegian Red Cross
1
NPJ
1
npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine
1
NRC/The Camp Management Project (CMP)
1
Nunziata, K. R.
1
Nữ tu Bác sĩ Nguyễn Thị Hiền
1
Nwokike J., Ludeman E., Thumm M.
1
OAS
1
Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Violence against Children
1
Ogden, S., Gallo, K., Davis, S., et al
1
Oliveira, R.G. de.
1
Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA)
1
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
1
Organisation mondiale de la Santé
1
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS
1
Osman, H.
1
Overseas Development Institute (ODI)
1
Ovid
1
Oxfam
1
Oxfam International, et al.
1
P. Drain, and T. Hall
1
P. Hay
1
P. Monfiston
1
P. Zitko, Á. Passi-Solar et al.
1
Pact (Building Capacity Worldwide)
1
Pact Inc. and International Center for Research on Women (ICRW)
1
Paget Stanfield, Martin Brueton, Michael Chan, Michael Parkin, and Tony Waterston
1
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO
1
Pan American Health Organization PAHO
1
Patel P.
1
Patel V.
1
Patricio V. Marquez, and Shekhar Saxena
1
Patrick Brugger
1
Paudel, D., A. Thapa, P. R. Shedain, and B. Paudel
1
Paul Roddy, Natasha Howard, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, et al.
1
Penal Reform International (PRI)
1
Perkins School For The Blind
1
Peter Bakker
1
Peter N. Stearns
1
Pinder, Étoile
1
Pitrez, P. M.
1
Plos Medicine
1
PLoS Neglected Tropical diseases
1
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1
PNAS
1
Polly Clayden, Simon Collins, Mike Frick, et al.
1
Pope Francis
1
Population Foundation of India
1
Pothuis, Michal et al.
1
President’s Malaria Initiative, CDC, MCHIP, MCSP
1
Prince, M., and J. Jackson
1
Prof. C. Abobltins, L. Brown, Prof N. Curtis, et al.
1
Protection Cluster et al.
1
Protection Cluster Save the Children The Alliance for Child Protection
1
Publisher: National Academic Press
1
PubMed.gov
1
Qamrun Nahar
1
Qureshi, Aqeel
1
R. C. Vreeman
1
R. E. Dew, H.G. Koenig, et al.
1
R. Khan and M. Sultana
1
R. Thompson, G. Fontana, et al.
1
R. Zahn
1
Radcliffe
1
Rahman-Shepherd, A.
1
Rajesh Upadhyay, Milind Y Nadkar, A Muruganathan
1
Ramasamy, Selvaraju
1
ReAct Action on Antibiotic Resistance
1
Reddel, H. K.
1
Rediscovering Biology
1
Regional Office for Europe
1
Regional refugee & resilience plan in response to the Syria crisis
1
Reilly, K.
1
Religions for Peace
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Renuka Bery, Sophie Boisson, Lizette Burgers et al.
1
Republic of South Sudan
1
ResearchGate
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Restless Development
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Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria
1
Ridsdel, B
1
Robert E. Black, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Marleen Temmerman
1
Robert Koch Institut RKI
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Roberts B.
1
Robin G. and J. Balbus
1
Rochweg, B.
1
Rodriguez, A.
1
Roel G. Cabulang
1
Romanello M., McGushin A., et al.
1
Routledge
1
Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
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Rugigana, Etienne, Francine Birungi, and Manassé Nzayirambaho
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Rylance, S.
1
S. Galwankar
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S. Hatherill
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S. Ibisevic
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S. Kromann Jensen
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S. Le Coeur
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S. Lee
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S. Seedat
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S. Vermund
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S.Kinloch-de Loës, et al.
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Sachs, J. D.
1
Safe the children
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Sallam, M.
1
Salvage J, Rowson M, Melf K, Wilmen A
1
Samwel Mbugua, Kerry L. D. MacQuarrie
1
Sanmatino, M.
1
Sanson, A.
1
Santesso, N.
1
Saraf, P.
1
Sasser S,Varghese M, Kellermann A, Lormand JD.
1
Save the Children International
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Schell, C.O.
1
Schijmann, A.G.
1
Seibert, L.
1
Seiglie, J.A.
1
Seung Hee Lee-Kwan, et al.
1
Sheena Posey Norris, Erin Hammers Forstag, and Bruce M. Altevogt
At least half of the world’s population does not have full coverage of essential health services. Health expenses push more than 100 million people into extreme poverty each and every year, forcing them into terrible choices that no one should ever have to make: Buy medicine or food? Education or ...health care? These stark statistics make the case for universal health coverage compelling.more
Antibiotic resistance is no longer a concern for the distant future but is a pressing issue, both globally and in Nepal. As part of global effort to preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics, the Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP)-Nepal was established to doc...ument the current state of antibiotic access, use and resistance in the country, and to identify policies and actions that could set a course for antibiotic sustainability.more
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease (CRD) worldwide and is estimated to affect 262 million causing significant mortality and morbidity, and has emerged as an important public health problem in many Latin American (LA) countries over the last 30 or so years. LA is a highly diverse r...egion in terms of geography, climate, wealth, and ethnicity including 20 different countries with 639 million inhabitants, where 40 million are estimated to have asthma. A common feature of LA countries is the high level of social inequalities3 (Figure 1). In LA, asthma prevalence in both children and adults is highly variable and, where high, is among the highest worldwide, particularly in coastal tropical cities.more
Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease of worldwide importance, though relatively neglected in many African countries including sub Saharan Africa that is among areas with high burden of this disease. The disease is often mistaken for other febrile illnesses such as dengue, malaria, rickettsi...oses and enteric fever. Leptospirosis is an occupational disease likely to affect people working in environments prone to infestation with rodents which are the primary reservoir hosts of this disease. Some of the populations at risk include: sugarcane plantation workers, wetland farmers, fishermen and abattoir workers. In this study we investigated the prevalence of antibodies against Leptospira among sugarcane plantation and factory workers, fishing communities as well as among rodents and shrews in domestic and peridomestic environments within the study areas.more
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are of increasing concern for society and national governments, as well as globally due to their high mortality rate. The main risk factors of NCDs can be classified into the categories of self-management, genetic factors, environmental factors, factors of medical co...nditions, and socio-demographic factors.more
About six to seven million people worldwide, mostly in Latin America, are estimated to be infected with
Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease (WHO data from 2021). Chagas disease is
found mainly in endemic areas of 21 Latin American countries.
sthma prevalence is increasing worldwide, and surveys indicate that most patients in developed and developing countries, including South Africa, do not receive optimal care and are therefore not well controlled. Standard management guidelines adapted to in-country realities are important to support ...optimal care. The South African Thoracic Society (SATS) first published a guideline for the management of chronic persistent asthma in 1992, which has subsequently been revised several times.
The main aim of the present document was to revise and update SATS’ statement on the suggested management of chronic asthma, based on the need to promote optimal care and control of asthma, together with the incorporation of new concepts and drug developments. This revised document reinforces optimal care and incorporates the following primary objectives to achieve the recent advances in asthma care:
• continued emphasis on the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as the foundation of asthma treatment
• to reduce the reliance on short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) monotherapy for asthma symptoms
• to incorporate the evidence and strategy for the use of the combination of an ICS and formoterol for acute symptom relief (instead of a SABA)
• to incorporate the evidence and strategy for the use of as-needed ICS-long-acting beta agonists (LABA) for patients with infrequent symptoms or ‘mild’ asthma
• to incorporate the evidence and strategy for the use of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) in combination with ICS-LABA; and
• to incorporate the evidence and strategy for the use of and management with a biologic therapy in severe asthma.more
Scabies is a global health concern disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations such as refugees and asylum seekers. Greece is a main point of entry in Europe for refugees, but epidemiological data on scabies in this population are scarce. We aimed to describe the epidemiology of scabies, inc...luding trends over the study period.more
One billion people around the world live with disabilities. This report makes the case that they are being “left behind” in the global community’s work on health. This lack of access not only violates the rights of people with disabilities under international law, but UHC and SDG 3 cannot be a...ttained without better health services for the one billion people with disabilities.more
An estimated 99% of children worldwide – or more than 2.3 billion children – live in one of the 186 countries that have implemented some form of restrictions due to COVID-191. Although children are not at a high risk of direct harm from the virus, they are disproportionately affected by its hid...den impacts.more
Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common postoperative complication worldwide. WHO guidelines to prevent SSI recommend alcoholic chlorhexidine skin preparation and fascial closure using triclosan-coated sutures, but called for assessment of both interventions in low-resource settings. This s...tudy aimed to test both interventions in low-income and middle-income countries.more
Exposure to air pollution causes 7 million deaths worldwide every year and costs an estimated US$ 5.11 trillion in welfare losses globally. In the 15 countries that emit the most greenhouse gas emissions, the health impacts of air pollution are estimated to cost more than 4% of their GDP. Actions to... meet the Paris goals would cost around 1% of global GDP. The report provides recommendations for governments on how to maximize the health benefits of tackling climate change and avoid the worst health impacts of this global challenge.
It describes how countries around the world are now taking action to protect lives from the impacts of climate change – but that the scale of support remains woefully inadequate, particularly for the small island developing states, and least developed countries. Only approximately 0.5% of multilateral climate funds dispersed for climate change adaptation have been allocated to health projectsmore
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing worldwide public health problem with
important implications for the European Union (EU). When antibiotics become
ineffective, bacterial infections lead to increased morbidity, use of healthcare,
mortality and cost. Globally, estimates suggest that ...AMR leads to 700 000 deaths
per annum. For the EU, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
(ECDC) has estimated that AMR currently causes 25 000 deaths annually and losses of
at least EUR 1.5 billion per annum in extra healthcare costs and productivity.more
Weber, StephanieArlington, VA: USAID’s AIDS Support and Technical Assistance Resources, AIDSTAR-One, Task Order 1
(2013)
C2
Scant data exists on the prevalence of violence against children worldwide. However, available information, including the United Nations Secretary-General’s Study on Violence against Children, shows that violence against children is a global problem. This desktop study aims to glean from published... and grey literature the extent of sexual violence and exploitation against children in Lesotho. The goal of this study is to better understand the government of Lesotho's national response efforts to reduce violence against children.more
Children’s mental health is top concern for Ukrainian parents, new World Vision report finds; Studies show 22 per cent of people in conflict zones suffer mental disorders; Prevention programs must be urgently prioritised
Climate change is having the largest impact on the world’s poorest and most vulnerable people. Within this group, 20% are people with disabilities, who are nearly always doubly disadvantaged.
Loss and damage is an urgent concern, driven by the increasingly harmful effects of climate change. Communities are experiencing new types and forms of climate impact, of higher frequency and intensity, which they are not equipped to handle. These impacts compel vulnerable communities to migrate to ...find alternative livelihoods and ways to survive. But migration generates grave socioeconomic consequences. Through case study analysis from 12 regions in Asia, Africa and the Pacific, this paper explores how climate change-induced migration is creating physical health, mental health and wellbeing issues — both for migrants and the families they leave behind. It then provides recommendations to policymakers on how to strengthen policy, planning and response frameworks to support communities manage health and wellbeing risks created by climate impacts.more
Heart failure (HF) is a global public health concern with disproportionate socioeconomic, morbidity and mortality burden on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review summarises contemporary data on the demographic and clinical characteristics, aetiologies, treatment, economic burden and ...outcomes of HF in LMICs. Patients with HF in LMICs are younger than those from high-income countries (HICs) and present at advanced stages of the disease. Hypertension, ischaemic heart disease (IHD), cardiomyopathy (CMO), and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are the leading causes of HF in LMICs. The contribution of infectious diseases to HF remains prominent in many LMICs. Most health facilities in LMICs lack adequate diagnostic tools for HF, and the use of evidence-based medical and device therapies is suboptimal. Further, HF in LMICs is associated with prolonged hospital stay and high in-hospital and one-year mortality. Finally, HF has profound economic impact on individual patients who, mostly, have no health insurance, and on societies where patients are young, comprising those who have the greatest potential to contribute to economic productivity.more
Namibia is no exception to the growingglobal concern on the increasing burden of NCDs. Namibia is an upper middle income country with fast economic growth since independence in 1990. The country is bearing the double burden of communicable and noncommunicable diseases and rapid urbanizat...ion. There is also high income inequality among the population.more
Approximately 80% of the 463 million adults worldwide with diabetes live in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). A major obstacle to designing evidence-based policies to improve diabetes outcomes in LMICs is the scarce availability of nationally representative data on the current patterns... of treatment coverage. The objectives of this study were to estimate the proportion of adults with diabetes in LMICs who receive coverage of recommended pharmacological and non-pharmacological diabetes treatment; and to describe country-level and individual-level characteristics that are associated with treatment.more