This document provides an overview of specific health care waste technologies for the treatment of solid infectious and sharp waste. For each technology, details of its operation, effects on the environment and health, requirements for installation, capacities for treating waste, examples of consuma...bles and advantages and disadvantages are described. The document is designed for health care facility administrators and planners, WASH and infection prevention control staff, national planners, donors and partners.
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A new publication - Waste Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic: from response to recovery - reviews current practices for managing waste from healthcare facilities, households and quarantine locations accommodating people with confirmed or suspected cases of COVID-19. Jointly produced by UNEP, th...e Institute for Global Environmental Strategies and the International Environmental Technology Centre, the report considers various approaches, identifies best practices and technologies, and provides recommendations for policy-makers and practitioners to improve waste management, over the long term.
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Under the theme Equity at the Heart of Health, this Plan seeks to catalyze efforts in Member States to reduce inequities in health within and between countries and territories in order to improve health outcomes. The Plan identifies specific actions to tackle health inequality, including those recom...mended by the Commission on Equity and Health Inequalities in the Americas, with guidance from the High-level Commission for Universal Health. Four cross-cutting themes are central to this Plan’s approach to addressing the determinants of health: equity, gender, ethnicity, and human rights
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Com o tema A equidade, o coração da saúde, este Plano busca catalisar esforços nos Estados Membros para reduzir as iniquidades em saúde dentro dos países e territórios e entre eles, a fim de melhorar os resultados em termos de saúde. O Plano identifica ações específicas para enfrentar a d...esigualdade em saúde, como as recomendadas pela Comissão sobre Equidade e Desigualdades em Saúde nas Américas, com a orientação da Comissão de Alto Nível para a Saúde Universal. Quatro temas transversais são centrais para o enfoque deste Plano para abordar os determinantes da saúde: a equidade, o gênero, a etnia e os direitos humanos.
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7. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2020;44:e13
Haiti faces a double burden of disease. Infectious diseases continue to be an issue, while non-communicable diseases have become a significant burden of disease. More attention must also be focused on the increase in worrying public health issues such as road... injuries, exposure to forces of nature and HIV/AIDS in specific age groups. To address the burden of disease, sustained actions are needed to promote better health in Haiti and countries with similar challenges.
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With this quick reference guide, providers can easily recognize diseases and side effects related to climate change, implement appropriate management and provide guidance to exposed populations, provide up-to-date information on the relationship between the adverse effects of certain drugs and the w...orsening of climate-sensitive health conditions, and determine the possible consequences of climate change for health services. This book addresses key meteorological risks, as well as the health conditions which they may influence, grouped by specific clinical areas.
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In 2016, the risk of premature mortality1 from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Ethiopia was 18.3%. The economic costs of NCDs are significant and are due principally to their impact on the non-health sector (reduced workforce and productivity). In this study, it is estimated that NCDs cost Ethiop...ia at least 31.3 billion birr (US$ 1.1 billion) per year, equivalent to 1.8% of the gross domestic product (GDP). Less than 15% of the costs are for health care.
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В настоящем документе представлен первоначальный обзор поступающей информации
(по состоянию на 2 июля 2020 г.) о взаимосвязи между COVID-19, НИЗ и факторами
риска НИЗ. Ре...цензируемые статьи взяты из баз данных NCBI PubMed, PMC и Google
Scholar. Данный обзор свидетельствует о том, что лица, живущие с НИЗ, подвержены
более высокому риску развития тяжелого заболевания и смерти в связи с COVID-19,
и об ограниченности данных для оценки риска. Наряду с этим в нем обобщаются
результаты двух проведенных ВОЗ обследований, указывающих на то, что с началом
пандемии была серьезно нарушена система предоставления услуг по профилактике и
лечению НИЗ.
Response to non-communicable diseases during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
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This paper reviews the effects of vertical responses to COVID-19 on health systems, services, and people’s access to and use of them in LMICs, where historic and ongoing under-investments heighten vulnerability to a multiplicity of health threats. We use the term ‘vertical response’ to describ...e decisions, measures and actions taken solely with the purpose of preventing and containing COVID-19, often without adequate consideration of how this affects the wider health system and pre-existing resource constraints.
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UNHCR’s Public Health Strategy 2021-2025 is based on the lessons learnt, and builds on the achievements, of the Global Strategy for Public Health 2014-2018.
Progress was made on policies favouring inclusion and integration into national systems3 with 92% of 48 operations surveyed reporting refuge...es having access to national primary health care facilities under the same conditions as nationals and 96% reporting refugees having access to all relevant vaccines under the same conditions as nationals. While many refugee hosting countries have policies that allow refugees to access national health services, many face partial access, prohibitive out-of-pocket expenditures and other barriers including distance to facilities, language and provider acceptance. Furthermore, more work is needed on strengthening these systems to be able to meet the needs of both host communities and refugees.
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The African Development Bank has launched a consultation process with health ministers and other partners as it develops a strategy to drive enhanced access to health services across Africa through 2030.
Input from ministers in the Bank’s 54 regional member countries, development partners and c...ivil society is expected to strengthen the Bank’s Strategy for Quality Health Infrastructure in Africa (2021-2030). A robust scoping study titled “Good Health and Well-being” underpins the strategy.
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The Lancet Countdown is an international collaboration that independently monitors the health consequences of a changing climate. Publishing updated, new, and improved indicators each year, the Lancet Countdown represents the
consensus of leading researchers from 43 academic institutions and UN ag...encies. The 44 indicators of this report expose an unabated rise in the health impacts of
climate change and the current health consequences of the delayed and inconsistent response of countries around the globe—providing a clear imperative for accelerated action that puts the health of people and planet above all else.The 2021 report coincides with the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change 26th Conference of the Parties (COP26), at which countries are facing pressure to realise the ambition of the Paris Agreement to keep the global average temperature rise to 1·5°C and to
mobilise the financial resources required for all countries to have an effective climate response. These negotiations unfold in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic—a global health crisis that has claimed millions of lives, affected livelihoods and communities around the globe, and exposed deep fissures and inequities in the world’s capacity to cope with, and respond to, health emergencies. Yet, in its response to both crises, the world is faced with an unprecedented opportunity to ensure a healthy future for all.
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Left unabated, climate change will have catastrophic effects on the health of present and future generations. Such effects are already seen in Europe, through more frequent and severe extreme weather events, alterations to water and food systems, and changes in the environmental suitability for infe...ctious diseases. As one of the largest current and historical contributors to greenhouse gases and the largest provider of financing for climate change mitigation and adaptation, Europe’s response is crucial, for both human health and the planet. To ensure that health and
wellbeing are protected in this response it is essential to build the capacity to understand, monitor, and quantify health impacts of climate change and the health co-benefits of accelerated action.
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Esta publicación presenta la Agenda para las Américas sobre salud, medioambiente y cambio climático 2021-2030. Esta agenda es un llamamiento al sector de la salud para que lidere la labor a fin de abordar los determinantes ambientales de la salud en la Región de las Américas. La Organización P...anamericana de la Salud (OPS) colaborará con sus Estados Miembros para alcanzar el propósito y el objetivo de esta agenda de promover el bienestar de todos a todas las edades, utilizando un enfoque sostenible y equitativo en el que se otorgue prioridad a la reducción de las inequidades en la salud. La agenda se ha elaborado bajo la égida de la Estrategia mundial de la OMS sobre salud, medio ambiente y cambio climático, y se basa en los compromisos establecidos en la Agenda de Salud Sostenible para las Américas 2018-2030 y el Plan Estratégico de la OPS 2020-2025. La agenda se elaboró en consulta con el grupo técnico asesor y mediante un proceso de toma de decisiones basado en el consenso con los Estados Miembros durante el período 2019-2020. Con la finalidad de alcanzar el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 3, la agenda se centra en: mejorar el desempeño de los programas e instituciones de salud pública ambiental; fomentar sistemas de salud sostenibles y resilientes desde el punto de vista medioambiental; y promover ciudades y comunidades saludables y resilientes desde el punto de vista medioambiental. Su aplicación será específica para cada contexto y se basará en las necesidades y realidades de los diversos países. Beneficiará a los países y territorios al promover prácticas de buena gobernanza, fortalecer el liderazgo y la coordinación en el sector de la salud, fomentar la acción intersectorial, centrarse en la prevención primaria, y mejorar la evidencia disponible y la comunicación. Facilitará el acceso a los recursos humanos, técnicos y financieros necesarios para abordar los determinantes ambientales de la salud y garantizará que la Región se involucre plenamente en los procesos y acuerdos mundiales sobre salud, medioambiente y cambio climático.
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Cette publication présente le Programme sur la santé, l’environnement et les changements climatiques pour les Amériques 2021-2030. Le Programme est un appel à l’action au secteur de la santé pour qu’il prenne l’initiative d’agir sur les déterminants environnementaux de la santé dans... les Amériques. L’Organisation panaméricaine de la Santé (OPS) travaillera avec les États Membres pour atteindre son but et son objectif, qui consistent à permettre à tous de vivre en bonne santé et à promouvoir le bien-être de tous à tout âge, en employant une approche durable et équitable qui accorde la priorité à la réduction des iniquités en matière de santé. Le programme a été élaboré sous l’égide de la Stratégie mondiale de l’OMS sur la santé, l’environnement et les changements climatiques et s’appuie sur les engagements énoncés dans le Programme d’action sanitaire durable pour les Amériques 2018-2030 et le Plan stratégique de l’OPS 2020-2025. Le programme a été élaboré en consultation avec le groupe consultatif technique et par un processus décisionnel consensuel avec les États Membres au cours de la période 2019-2020. En vue de la réalisation de l’objectif de développement durable 3, le programme se concentre sur l’amélioration de la performance des programmes et des institutions de santé publique environnementale, la promotion de systèmes de santé résilients et durables sur le plan environnemental et la promotion de villes et de communautés saines et résilientes sur le plan environnemental. Sa mise en œuvre sera adaptée au contexte, en fonction des besoins et des réalités des pays. Il profitera aux pays et aux territoires en encourageant les pratiques de bonne gouvernance, en renforçant les rôles de leadership et de coordination du secteur de la santé, en favorisant l’action intersectorielle, en se concentrant sur la prévention primaire et en améliorant les données probantes et la communication. Il facilitera l’accès aux ressources humaines, techniques et financières nécessaires pour agir sur les déterminants environnementaux de la santé et fera en sorte que la Région soit pleinement engagée dans les processus et les accords mondiaux en matière de santé, d’environnement et de changements climatiques.
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Esta publicação apresenta a Agenda para as Américas sobre Saúde, Meio Ambiente e Mudança Climática 2021–2030 (a Agenda). Esta Agenda é um apelo ao setor da saúde para que se posicione na vanguarda da abordagem aos determinantes ambientais da saúde nas Américas. A Organização Pan-Americ...ana da Saúde (OPAS) trabalhará com os Estados Membros para alcançar a meta e objetivo desta agenda: assegurar uma vida saudável e promover o bem-estar para todos, em todas as idades, usando um enfoque sustentável e equitativo que priorize a redução das iniquidades em saúde. A Agenda foi desenvolvido sob a égide da Estratégia Mundial da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) sobre a Saúde, o Meio Ambiente e a Mudança Climática e se baseia nos compromissos estabelecidos na Agenda de Saúde Sustentável para as Américas 2018–2030 e no Plano Estratégico da OPAS 2020–2025. A Agenda foi desenvolvida em consulta com o Grupo Técnico Assessor (GTA), por meio de um processo decisório consensual com os Estados Membros, durante os anos de 2019 e 2020. Para alcançar o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 3, a Agenda enfoca: melhoria do desempenho dos programas e instituições de saúde pública ambiental; promoção de sistemas de saúde ambientalmente resilientes e sustentáveis; e promoção de cidades e comunidades ambientalmente saudáveis e resilientes. A implementação da Agenda deverá ser contextual, com base nas necessidades e realidades de cada país. Ela beneficiará países e territórios ao promover boas práticas de governança; fortalecer as funções de liderança e coordenação do setor da saúde; favorecer ações intersetoriais; focar na prevenção primária; e melhorar as evidências e a comunicação. Facilitará o acesso aos recursos humanos, técnicos e financeiros necessários para abordar os determinantes ambientais da saúde e garantir que a Região esteja totalmente engajada nos processos e acordos globais de saúde, meio ambiente e mudança climática. O objetivo desta Agenda é fortalecer a capacidade dos atores da saúde, tanto no setor da saúde quanto em outros setores, para abordarem e se adaptarem aos determinantes ambientais da saúde (DAS), priorizando as populações que vivem em condições de vulnerabilidade, a fim de atingir o Resultado Intermediário 18 do Plano Estratégico da OPAS 2020–2025, diretamente, e vários outros resultados do Plano, indiretamente. Para enfrentar e se adaptar aos desafios dos DEA na Região, será necessária uma abordagem integrada e baseada em evidências dentro do setor da saúde e entre os setores, possibilitada e favorecida por boas práticas de governança, mecanismos de gestão adequados, vontade política de alto nível e dotação adequada de recursos humanos, técnicos, tecnológicos e financeiros.
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Climate change has important implications for the health and futures of children and young people, yet they have little power to limit its harm, making them vulnerable to climate anxiety. This is the first large-scale investigation of climate anxiety in children and young people globally and its rel...ationship with perceived government response.
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his profile is part of a series of Climate Risk Country Profiles developed by the World Bank Group (WBG). The country profile
synthesizes most relevant data and information on climate change, disaster risk reduction, and adaptation actions and policies
at the country level. The country profile ser...ies are designed as a quick reference source for development practitioners to better
integrate climate resilience in development planning and policy making.
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