Please find here the latest daily updates of the PAHO Region
This situation update is on the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) reported cases and deaths, Globally, Regionally, for Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean Countries, French Territories, and the United Kingdom Overseas Territories.
Panorama de la Salud: Latinoamérica y el Caribe 2020 presenta indicadores clave sobre la salud y los sistemas de salud en 33 países de Latinoamérica y el Caribe. Esta primera edición del Panorama de la Salud sobre Latinoamérica y el Caribe fue preparada en conjunto por la OCDE y el Banco Mundia...l. Los análisis se basan en los datos comparables más recientes de alrededor de 100 indicadores sobre equidad, situación de salud, determinantes de la salud, recursos y actividades, gasto y financiación, y calidad en la atención de salud. El editorial discute los principales desafíos para la región en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19, incluyendo tanto el manejo de la epidemia como la movilización y el uso eficiente de recursos para asegurar una respuesta efectiva
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Con esta publicación se procura orientar a las autoridades nacionales y subnacionales de salud, así como a las organizaciones nacionales e internacionales, para que incorporen la perspectiva de las personas migrantes (en tránsito, refugiadas, en situación irregular y en proceso de retorno a su p...aís de origen) en el diseño y la implementación de las acciones de preparación y respuesta ante la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) y otras emergencias de salud.
Estas recomendaciones complementan el Documento de orientación sobre migración y salud (5), elaborado por la OPS para ayudar a los Estados Miembros a hacer frente a los desafíos de salud pública y sistemas de salud relacionados con la migración, incluidas la promoción y la protección de la salud de los migrantes a lo largo de su proceso migratorio
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La resistencia a los antimicrobianos es un problema complejo que requiere soluciones únicas adaptadas a cada país. Este conjunto de herramientas de adaptación de los programas de resistencia a los antimicrobianos (TAP, por su sigla en inglés) los ayudará a iniciar y ejecutar proyectos para enfr...entar la propagación de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos en sus territorios. Los ejercicios y recursos presentados corresponden a cada una de las etapas descritas en la Guía rápida: Manual práctico para la adaptación de intervenciones a medida contra la resistencia a los antimicrobianos, y deben ser utilizados por un grupo de trabajo de TAP.
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The COVID-19 HEalth caRe wOrkErs Study (HEROES): Regional Report from the Americas is a multicenter prospective cohort study to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health care workers in 26 countries on four continents and how it is affected by several factors at diffe...rent interrelated levels: individual, family, occupational, and social. This brief report presents the evidence generated from the baseline survey of 11 participating countries in the Region of the Americas. Using validated scales, the findings show high rates of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and psychological distress in several countries of the Region. The spirit of the project is not only to generate quality scientific evidence on the mental health of health care workers, but also to help develop interventions (both individual and institutional) and policies to address the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health.
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PAHO Core Indicators provide the latest data on health indicators for the Region of the Americas, a few of which may be explored in the visualization below. This dataset is composed of about 200 health and health related indicators from 1995 to 2021 for 49 countries and territories in the Region of ...the Americas.
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Los indicadores básicos de la OPS proporcionan los datos más recientes sobre indicadores de salud para la Región de las Américas, tales como los ejemplos que se muestran abajo. Este conjunto de datos se compone de cerca de 200 indicadores de salud y relacionados con la salud de 1995 a 2021 para ...49 países y territorios de la Región de las Américas.
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The objective of Health in the Americas: Overview of the Region of the Americas in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic is to respond to the need to address important public health issues in an increasingly timely manner, while serving as a platform with a close focus on specific issues of regional ...importance. This 2022 edition is the second in its new format, providing an overview of the analysis, as well as an in-depth description of the key issues related to COVID-19 in the Region of the Americas. This overview is supported by the Health in the Americas+ virtual platform, which offers interactive resources for data analysis and allows for the comparison of information disaggregated by subregions and countries.
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This document focus on the direct consequences of the virus (morbidity and mortality) in specific populations and on the results of measures aimed at mitigating the spread of the virus, with indirect impacts on socio-economic conditions. In this complex scenario, the gender approach has not received... due attention during the pandemic. Gender is one of the structural determinants of health, but it does not appear in analyses of the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic, despite being essential in the recognition and analysis of the differential impacts on men and women and their interaction with the different determinants of health.
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Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. About 6–7 million people worldwide are estimated to be infected with T. cruzi. The disease is found mainly in endemic areas of 21 continental Lati...n American countries, where it has been mostly transmitted to humans and other mammals by contact with faeces or urine of triatomine bugs (vector-borne), known as kissing bugs, among many other popular names, depending on the geographical area.
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Little progress has been made since the 1960s and 1970s to widen the therapeutic arsenal against Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative pathogen of Chagas disease, which remains a frustrating and perplexing infectious disease. This chapter focuses on the strategic and operational challenges in the clinica...l drug development of a novel antitrypanosomal agent for Chagas disease. The various elements that contribute to a robust assessment of treatment effect including dose selection, choice of patient population, trial methodology, endpoint measures, and regulatory perspectives are discussed. The learnings herein should serve as resource to help researchers and other stakeholders optimize their clinical development plans and speed delivery of new medicines to patients with Chagas disease.
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Objective
To estimate the prevalence of Chagas disease in pregnant women and the vertical transmission of the disease.
Methods
Observational studies were identified from eight electronic databases, and details on study design, population and prevalence of Chagas disease were extracted. The data... were pooled using a random-effects model, and choropleth maps were created based on geopolitical regions and countries.
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This review focusses on the interactions between the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, and its triatomine vector. The flagellate mainly colonizes the intestinal tract of the insect. The effect of triatomines on trypanosomes is indicated by susceptibility and refractoriness phenom...ena that vary according to the combination of the strains. Other effects are apparent in the different regions of the gut. In the stomach, the majority of ingested blood trypomastigotes are killed while the remaining transform to round stages. In the small intestine, these develop into epimastigotes, the main replicative stage. In the rectum, the population density is the highest and is where the infectious stage develops, the metacyclic trypomastigote. In all regions of the gut, starvation and feeding of the triatomine affect T. cruzi. In the small intestine and rectum, starvation reduces the population density and more spheromastigotes develop. In the rectum, feeding after short-term starvation induces metacyclogenesis and after long-term starvation the development of specific cells, containing several nuclei, kinetoplasts and flagella. When considering the effects of T. cruzi on triatomines, the flagellate seems to be of low pathogenicity. However, during stressful periods, which are normal in natural populations, effects occur often on the behaviour, eg, in readiness to approach the host, the period of time before defecation, dispersal and aggregation. In nymphs, the duration of the different instars and the mortality rates increase, but this seems to be induced by repeated infections or blood quality by the feeding on infected hosts. Starvation resistance is often reduced by infection. Longevity and reproduction of adults is reduced, but only after infection with some strains of T. cruzi. Only components of the surface coat of blood trypomastigotes induce an immune reaction. However, this seems to act against gut bacteria and favours the development of T. cruzi.
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Coherent Market Insights has announced the addition of Chagas Disease Treatment Market 2023 Forecast Analysis by Types, Applications, Size, Share, Key Players, and Regions. a new research report to its market research archive. The Chagas Disease Treatment Market has been thoroughly researched and an...alyzed by industry experts and researchers. The industry is examined at the global, regional, and national levels. The report highlights the primary revenue stream for the estimated year, along with sales volumes, growth patterns, and major industry market dynamics. The historical data is provided, as well as a comprehensive revenue analysis for the forecast period. The report focuses on the size, share, growth status, and future trends of the Chagas Disease Treatment Market, as well as recent business developments.
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Leishmaniasis is a complex vector-borne disease involving in its transmission several species of protozoan parasites called Leishmania, a wide variety of animal reservoirs and phlebotomine sandflies vectors. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is the most common form of the disease, and its clinical manife...stations vary from few papules to multiple ulcers affecting the skin but also the mucous membranes, leaving permanent scars and serious disability. It is a disfiguring and stigmatizing disease that often has a devastating psychosocial and economic impact on the affected resources limited communities.
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Datos y cifras
Se calcula que en el mundo hay entre 6 y 7 millones de personas infectadas por el Trypanosoma cruzi, el parásito causante de la enfermedad de Chagas, la mayoría de ellas en América Latina.
La infección por Trypanosoma cruzi se puede curar si el tratamiento se administra al poco ...tiempo de producirse la infección.
Hasta un 30% de los enfermos crónicos presentan alteraciones cardíacas y hasta un 10% padecen alteraciones digestivas, neurológicas o combinadas que pueden requerir un tratamiento específico.
El control de vectores y otras estrategias destinadas a reducir la transmisión que estos producen son los métodos más útiles para prevenir la enfermedad de Chagas en América Latina.
Los análisis de sangre son fundamentales para prevenir la infección por transfusiones o trasplantes de órganos en todo el mundo.
La detección y el tratamiento de niñas infectadas y mujeres infectadas en edad fértil es clave, además del cribado de los recién nacidos y otros hijos de madres infectadas que no hayan recibido antes tratamiento antiparasitario.
La enfermedad de Chagas, también llamada tripanosomiasis americana, es una enfermedad potencialmente mortal causada por el parásito protozoo Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi).
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This document outlines PAHO’s regional priorities for the year 2023 to sustain and scale up health emergency and humanitarian assistance in the Americas, with a focus on five priority countries currently facing a prolonged humanitarian crisis and recovering from recent acute emergencies: Colombia,... El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of). These goals align with and build on the World Health Organization’s Global Health Emergency Appeal for 2023, its principles, priorities, and strategies.
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