This FY 2018 Malaria Operational Plan (MOP) presents a detailed implementation plan for Ethiopia, based on   the strategies of PMI and the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP). It was developed in consultation with the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), NMCP, Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EP...HI), and regional health bureaus, and with the participation of national and international partners involved in malaria prevention and control in the country. The activities that PMI is proposing to support align with the National Malaria Strategic Plan (NMSP 2014-2020) and build on investments made by PMI and other partners to improve and expand malaria-related services, including the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria (Global Fund) malaria grants. This document briefly reviews the current status of malaria control policies and interventions in Ethiopia, describes progress to date, identifies challenges and unmet needs to achieving the targets of the NMCP and PMI, and provides a description of activities that are planned with FY 2018 funding.
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                                                                This malaria case management training manual was developed by the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) of Ethiopia, in collaboration with several national and international partners. Primarily based on WHO guidelines and training materials, as well as the 2022 national malaria guidelines and various te...chnical documents, it aims to provide a standardised, simplified resource for clinical health workers in both the public and private sectors in Ethiopia. The manual aims to provide clinical health workers in both the public and private sectors in Ethiopia with a standardised, simplified resource.
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                                                                The  Ethiopian  Hospital  Services  Transformation  Guidelines  (EHSTG)  build  on  and  expand  the  Ethiopian  Hospital  Reform  Implementation  Guidelines  (EHRIG)  and  are  consistent  with  the  Health  Sector  Transformation  Plan  (HSTP). The EHSTG, which is consistent with the national focu...s on quality improvement in health care, contains a common set of guidelines to help hospital Chief Executive Officers(CEOs), managers, and clinicians (care providers) in steering  the  consistent  implementation  of  these  transformational  systems  and processes in hospitals throughout the country. The EHSTG focused on selected management and clinical functions, including new individual service specific chapters for Emergency Medical, Outpatient and Inpatient Services, Nursing  and  Midwifery,  Maternal,  Neonatal  and  Child  Health  and  Teaching  Hospitals’  Management.  These  guidelines  also  incorporate  recent  lessons  from the operationalization of the EHRIG, as well as, new national initiatives such as the Guidelines for the Management of Federal Hospitals in Ethiopia, Hospital Development Army (HDA), Clean and Safe Hospital (CASH), and Auditable Pharmaceutical Transaction and Service (APTS). 
II10 Pharmacy ChapterIt is expected that the guidelines will continuously evolve as new evidence emerges  regarding  improved  hospital  care  and  practices  that  are  better  tailored to needs and circumstances of different tiers of public hospitals. We are grateful to all partners that have participated in the production of these guidelines. Special thanks go to our colleagues at the Clinton Health Access Initiative for their substantial contributions and support throughout the  development  of  these  guidelines  as  well  as  their  dedicated  efforts  in  support of our health reform efforts in so many other capacities
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                                                                Ethiopia has been repeatedly affected by conflict, flooding, drought, and disease outbreaks in the past years. As of January 2024, the country is actively responding to the longest recorded cholera outbreak which started in August 2022, recurrent measles outbreaks which started in August 2021, and t...he highest number of malaria cases reported since 2017. The El Niño phenomenon is expected to cause further havoc up to July 2024, by causing drought in some parts of the country, and flooding in others. Food insecurity due to lost harvest and livestock is aggravating already high malnutrition rates, negatively impacting morbidity and mortality.
The Health Cluster is closely collaborating with the Ministry of Health (MOH) to prepare for, prevent, and respond to public health emergencies by mobilizing resources to enable health partners to provide life-saving health services to vulnerable populations.
In an environment with ever-increasing needs and decreased funding, the below priorities for 2024 and 2025 have been identified: 1 Strengthen advocacy for longer-term, development funding to address root causes of recurrent disease outbreaks, including through the Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus 2 Advocate for increased access to quality health services, with a strong focus on:
sexual and reproductive health services (including for survivors of sexual and gender-based violence)
inclusion of people with disabilities, older people, and people living with HIV
remote populations through inclusion of Mobile Health Teams (MHT) as part of the health system 3 Standardize health services provided by Health Cluster partners through the implementation of Essential Health Care packages, aligned with existing MOH guidance, aimed at ensuring quality service delivery for affected populations, especially at community level 4 Strengthen quality of, and access to data for needs analysis and informed decision-making 5 Strengthen subnational coordination, with increased focus on zones and local health partners
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                                                                The Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) has been coordinating sector wide reforms that aim to improve  equity  and  quality  of  maternal  and  child  health  services.  As  part  of  these  efforts,  the ministry  is  also  exerting  concerted  efforts  to  improve  availability and  use  of  quality...  RMNCH pharmaceuticals.  Management  of  RMNCH  pharmaceuticals  has  had  significant  challenges  such as poor availability of essential pharmaceuticals and wastages of valuable resources as pharmacy professionals were not demonstrating the required knowledge, skill and attitude towards availing the pharmaceuticals and ensuring their rational medicine use.
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                                                                The document provides detailed guidelines for managing cholera outbreaks, focusing on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and control strategies. It emphasizes the importance of setting up Cholera Treatment Centers (CTCs), ensuring access to clean water, promoting hygiene, and utilizing oral rehydrati...on solutions (ORS) and antibiotics for treatment. The guide also addresses outbreak surveillance, community education, and resource allocation to effectively mitigate cholera's spread and impact.
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                                                                The Ethiopia Multi-Sectorial Cholera Elimination Plan (2022-2028) outlines a national strategy to eliminate cholera in Ethiopia by 2028. The plan follows the Global Roadmap to End Cholera by 2030 and is based on six key pillars: Leadership & Coordination, Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH), Surveill...ance & Reporting, Use of Oral Cholera Vaccines (OCV), Healthcare System Strengthening, and Community Engagement.
Ethiopia has historically faced recurrent cholera outbreaks due to poor sanitation, unsafe water, and weak health infrastructure. The plan prioritizes high-risk areas (hotspot woredas) and aims to reduce cholera-related mortality by 90% by 2028. It includes efforts to improve WASH conditions, strengthen disease surveillance, enhance rapid response capabilities, expand vaccination campaigns, and integrate cholera control into broader health policies.
The government, in collaboration with international partners such as WHO, UNICEF, and the Global Task Force for Cholera Control (GTFCC), will implement and monitor the plan. The estimated budget for the initiative is $390 million over eight years. Ethiopia aims to achieve zero cholera transmission in hotspot regions, ensuring sustainable public health improvements.
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                                                                The Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia (FMOH), the National Disaster Risk Management Commission (NDRMC) and other government actors together with UN agencies (UNICEF, UNHCR, WHO and WFP) and nutrition development partners call for all parties involved in the response to emergencies in Ethiopia t...o provide appropriate, prompt support for the feeding and care of infants, young children and their mothers. This is a critical for supporting child survival, growth and development and preventing malnutrition, illness and death. This joint statement has been issued to help secure immediate, coordinated, multi- sectoral action on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) in emergencies.
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                                                                The  Federal  Ministry  of  Health  (FMOH)  has  been  coordinating  sector  wide  reforms  that  aim  to improve equity and quality of health services. It is widely known that; the sector is growing in line the overall  growth  and  transformation  plan  of  the  country  and  the  sector  is  bein...g  guided  by  the  health sector  transformation  plan  (HSTP).  As  part  of  these  efforts,  to  achieve  the  targets  set,  the  sector identified information revolution as one of the transformational agendas. In the meantime, Appropriate and  timely  use  of  health  and  health-related  information  is  an  essential  element  in  the  process  of transforming the health sector.
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                                                                In  line  with  its  decentralization  principle,  the  Ethiopian  Health  Policy  has  achieved  great progress  in  improving  access  to  comprehensive  HIV/AIDS  services  to  the  majority  of  the population. Both quality and coverage of services have improved significantlysince the initiation... of the free ART program in 2005. The role of health workforce in general and that of pharmacy professionals assumes a central position in these achievements. To  further  enhance  accessibility  and  quality  of  services,  capacity  buildingof  health  cadres  is critical.  Therefore,  this  comprehensive  HIV  prevention,  care  and  treatment  training  material  is prepared with the primarily intention to build the capacity of pharmacy professionals at all levels so that they can contribute to the provision of HIV services.
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                                                                Cognizant of the need for standardization of the response for COVID-19, the Federal Ministry of Health prepared this national guideline in an effort to contain the epidemic before it overwhelms the  health  care  facilities.  This  national  guideline  is  expected  to  guide  policy  makers  and  h...ealth professionals  at  all  level.  A  standardized  approaches  to  will  assist  effective  and  efficient utilization  of  the  limited  resource  of  the  country,  minimizes  dilemma  and  confusion  on  case management. To this effect, the FMOH has established National COVID-19 advisory committee. The  committee  members  are  from  different  specialties  with  very  good  experiences  in  disaster management  and  prevention  and  treatment  of  infectious  disease  epidemics.  The  input  from  the committee  is used to make decisions at the national  level about theepidemics  in the weeks and months  to  come.  The  FMOH  would  like  to  acknowledge  the  members  of  the  national  advisory committee  for  their  commitment  and  unreserved  effort  in  finalizing  the  task  in  a  very  short period of time and advising the Ministry on various issues related to the epidemics at this critical time.
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