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The use of low-cost Android tablets to train community health workers in Mukono, Uganda, in the recognition, treatment and prevention of pneumonia in children under five: a pilot randomised controlled

J.O’Donovan, K. Kabali, C. Taylor, et al. (2018) CC

Human Resources for Health201816:49; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-018-0315-7

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Integrating neglected tropical diseases in global health and development: fourth WHO report on neglected tropical diseases

World Health Organization (WHO) (2017) C_WHO

Advances have been made through expanded interventions delivered through five public health approaches: innovative and intensified disease management; preventive chemotherapy; vector ecology and management; veterinary public health services; and the provision of safe water, sanitation and hygiene. I... more

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Operational Guidelines on Quality Assurance in Public Health Facilities

Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India (2013) C1

For the Assesor's Guide Vol 1 and 2 see: nrhm.gov.in/images/pdf/programmes/maternal-health/guidelines/Operational_Guidelines_for_Quality_Assurance_in_Public_Health_Facilities_and_checklists-3_books.zip

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Panorama of Diabetes in the Americas by Pan American Health Organization

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2022) C_WHO

The burden of diabetes is enormous, positioning it as one of the main challenges facing public health today. Currently, it is estimated that 62 million people are living with diabetes in the Region of the Americas and projections show its prevalence will continue rising over the following years. The... more

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Human health and climate change in Pacific island countries

World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office of the Western Pacific (2015) C_WHO

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Assessing and managing children at primary health-care facilities to prevent overweight and obesity in the context of the double burden of malnutrition
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

Updates for the integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) - Guideline. As part of its response to the global epidemic of obesity, WHO has issued guidelines to support primary healthcare workers identify and manage children who are overweight or obese. Specifically, all infants and children ... more

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Nurturing care practice guide: strengthening nurturing care through health and nutrition services

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

This Guide responds to requests from practitioners and country teams who have learned about the Nurturing care framework and want to understand how to adapt health and nutrition services to be supportive of nurturing care and strengthen caregivers’ capacity.

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Global Health Risks

World Health Organization WHO (2009) C_WHO

Mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks

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Nigeria: National Health Bill 2014

Federal Republic of Nigeria (2014) C1

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Regional Action Framework on Communication for Health: A vision for using communication to improve public health in the Western Pacific Region

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

Strategic communication is at the heart of public health and more important than ever in the digital age. Using communication strategically requires expertise, skills and resources to plan, implement and evaluate interventions that encourage governments to implement policies that improve people’s ... more

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Global health sector strategies on, respectively, HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections for the period 2022-2030

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2022) C_WHO

Towards ending AIDS

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Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey 2013

Statistics Sierra Leone, Ministry of Health and Sanitation Sierra Leone, ICF International (2014) C_WHO

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Sexual Reproductive Health of Women Living HIV/AIDS

World Health Organization; UNFPA (2006)

Guidelines on care, treatment and support for women living with HIV/AIDS and their children in resource-constrained settings

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Community Empowerment in Health Uganda

Edward O'Neil Jr The Brookings Institution’s International Volunteering and Service Initiative (2009) C1

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Motivation and retention of primary healthcare workers in rural health facilities: An exploratory qualitative study of Chipata and Chadiza Districts, Zambia.

Manda, K.; Silumbwe, A.; Kombe, M.M. et al. ResearchSquare (2022) CC

While motivational factors vary, opportunities for career advancement, stimulating and challenging tasks, opportunities for promotion, and co-worker recognition are core factors that can engender retention of rural health workers. Interventions are required to enhance rural health worker motivation ... more

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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WHO Information Series on School Health

World Health Organization (WHO); Unicef; Education International ; et al. World Health Organization (WHO); Unicef; Education International ; et al. (2004) C_WHO

Teachers' Exercise Book for HIV Prevention Document 6.1 This booklet contains all the participatory learning experiences that are included in the Training and Resource Manual on School Health and HIV and AIDS Prevention. It is to be given to all teachers who receive training as part of the EI/WH... more

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Evaluation of WHO's contribution to maternal health in the South-East Asia Region

World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East-Asia (2016) C_WHO

The Report describes the evaluation of WHO's contribution to the Maternal Health Program in South-East Asia Region. This was an independent evaluation conducted in 2015 by Amaltas, a Delhi based organization. The evaluation highlights the progress in five countries, namely Bangladesh, Indonesia, Mya... more

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The impact of training on self-reported performance in reproductive, maternal, and newborn health service delivery among healthcare workers in Tanzania: a baseline- and endline-survey

Tumbwene, M.; Mbekenga, C.; Isangula, K.; et al. (2022) CC2

Reprod Health 19, 143 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-022-01452-4. Delivery of quality reproductive health services has been documented to depend on the availability of healthcare workers who are adequately supported with appropriate training. However, unmet training needs among healthcare ... more

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How effective are community health workers?

Henry Perry; Rose Zulliger John Hopkins Bloomberg University (2012)

An Overview of Current Evidence with Recommendations for Strengthening Community Health Worker Programs to Accelerate Progress in Achieving the Health-related Millennium Development Goals

Assessing and managing children at primary health-care facilities to prevent overweight and obesity in the context of the double burden of malnutrition recommended

Assessing and managing children at primary health-care facilities to prevent overweight and obesity in the context of the double burden of malnutrition
recommended