World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe
2
всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ)
2
A. Rakotoarisoa, L. Randrianasolo, S. Tempia, et al.
1
Agustina R., Dartanto T., Sitompul R., et al.
1
and K.Seck
1
Arbo Sosa, A.H. et al.
1
Argote P., Barhan E., Zukerman Daly S. et al.
1
Bild und Sprache e.V.
1
Bioethics
1
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
1
Capps, B.
1
Center for Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance
1
Centre Pasteur du Cameroun
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Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias
1
Charité Berlin
1
Chowell and Nishiura
1
Christa L Fischer Walker, Igor Rudan, Li Liu, Harish Nair, et al.
1
Clayton O. Onyango, Regina Njeru, Sidi Kazungu et al.
1
Corman, V.
1
D. Antognini, A. Combes, et al.
1
Department of Health, National Center for Health Promotion, National Center for Disease Prevention and Control
1
DGVS Paraguay
1
Dirección General de Vigilancia de la Salud (DGVS)
1
Direction de la conte lutte contre la maladie les épidémies et les pandémies
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Direction de Lutte contre la Maladie, Ministère de la Santé Publique, République Démocratique du Congo
1
Directorate General of Health Services , Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India
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Dr. S. Eyangoh et. al.
1
Dr. Vernet G
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Dra. María Cristina Guillén
1
D’A. Richardson
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D’Arcy Richardson, PATH, and Greg Pirio, Empower Communications
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Eastern Mediterranean Region
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ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control)
1
Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute Public Health Emergency Management Centre
1
Eurosurveillance
1
FAO
1
Federal Ministry Of Health - Nigeria Centre for Disease Control
1
G. Pirio
1
GiZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
1
GOARN, FAO, et al.
1
Gobierno Bolivariano de Venezuela, et al.
1
Government of Nepal, Ministry of Health and Population
1
Governments of Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone
1
Harvey V. Fineberg
1
Hassane Sylla, A.
1
Hélène Fagherazzi-Pagel
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Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFR
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Water and Sanitation Mission Assistant
1
ISARIC
1
Jean-Gilles, L.
1
Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe e.V.
1
K. Lancaster
1
K4Health (Knowledge for Helath)
1
Keymanthri Moodley, Kate Hardie, Michael J Selgelid, et al.
1
M. Hegermann-Lindencrone, C. S. Brown, et al.
1
M.M. Bailey, D. Bickford et al.
1
Masumbuko ClaudeK, Underschultz J,Hawkes MT
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MINISTERE DE LA SANTE REPUBLIQUE TOGOLAISE
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Ministere de la Santé Publique
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Ministerio da Saude, Brasilia
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Ministerio de Salud de Peru
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Ministerio de Salud Publica y Bienestar Social
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Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social
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Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social (MSPBS), Paraguay
1
Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Paraguay
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Ministerio de salud pública y bienestar social, Paraguay todos y todas, et al.
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Ministerio de Salud, Peru
1
Ministerio de sanidad - España
1
Ministère de la Santè Maroc
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Ministère de la Santè Publique et de la Population Haiti
1
Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population
1
Ministry of Health and Social Services (MOHSS)
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Ministry of Health Ghana
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Ministry of Health Rwanda
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Ministry of Health Rwanda, Biomedical Center Institute of HIV
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Ministry of Health, Ghana, World Health Organizaiotn (WHO) and Ghana Health Service
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Mme C. Owona
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NADMO Ghana
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Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani.
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NPJ
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OMS, UNICEF. FAO
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OPAS
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Organisation mondiale de la Santé
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Organisation mondiale de la Santé (WHO), Bureau Régional de l'Afrique
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Organisation Mondiale de la Santé, Bureau régional de l'OMS pour l'Afrique
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Organización Mundial de la Salud
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Organização Mundial da Saùde
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Páez, L.S.
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Philippine Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Philippine College of Chest Physicians, Philippine Academy of Family Physicians
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Prevent Project
1
Ramanathan, K.
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Republica de Honduras
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Reusken C. B. E. M., E. K. Broberg, B. Haagmans et al.
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République de Cameroun
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Rhodes, T.
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Robert Koch-Institut
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TB online
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World Health Organization ( WHO), Regional Office for South-East-Asia
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World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe
1
Worldometer
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Xiaoxu Wu, Yongmei Lu, Sen Zhou et al.
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Всемирная организация здравоохранения
1
Камкин Евгений Геннадьевич, Костенко Наталья Алексеевна et. al.
Timely detection of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection cases is crucial to interrupt the spread of this virus. We assessed the required expertise and capacity for molecular detection of 2019-nCoV in specialised laboratories in 30 European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries. Thirty-...eight laboratories in 24 EU/EEA countries had diagnostic tests available by 29 January 2020. A coverage of all EU/EEA countries was expected by mid-February. Availability of primers/probes, positive controls and personnel were main implementation barriers.more
The guidelines are to be used to guide the management of adults with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). As will be seen in the following text, this diagnosis, and the other clinical syndromes within this grouping, can be difficult to make accurately. In the absence of agreed definitions of th...ese syndromes these guidelines are to be used when, in the opinion of a clinician, an LRTI syndrome is present. The following are put forward as def-initions to guide the clinician, but it will be seen in the ensuingtext that some of these labels will always be inaccurate. These definitions are pragmatic and based on a synthesis of available studies. They are primarily meant to be simple to apply in clinical practice, and this might be at the expense of scientific accuracy. These definitions are not mutually exclusive, with lower respiratory tract infection being an umbrella term that includes all others, which can also be used for cases that cannot be classified into one of the other groups. No new evidence has been identified that would lead to a change in the clinical definitions,which are therefore unchanged from the 2005 publication.
Clin Microbiol Infect 2011;17(Suppl. 6): 1–24 The full version of these guidelines can be found on Wiley Online Library.more
Há três objetivos preliminares desse estudo de transmissão doméstica: 1. Para compreender melhor a extensão da transmissão doméstica estimando a taxa de infecção secundária1 para contatos domésticos em uma maneira individual, e fatores associados com qualquer variação no risco secundár...io da infecção. 2. Para caraterizar casos secundários incluindo a escala da apresentação clínica, fatores de risco para a infecção, a extensão e a fração de infecções assintomáticas. 3. Para caraterizar a resposta sorológica que segue a infecção confirmada pelo 2019-nCoV (altamente incentivado, mas opcional dependendo da capacidade e dos recursos do laboratório).more
First published in 2020, this toolkit is intended for clinicians working in acute care, managing adult and paediatric patients with acute respiratory infection, including severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis and septic shock. The main objective is to provide key tools for us...e in the care of critically ill patients – from hospital entry to hospital discharge.
The 2022 updated version includes new tools and adapted algorithms, checklists, memory aids for COVID-19 and influenza, and the latest clinical evidence regarding clinical management of SARI. It is intended to help clinicians care for SARI patients: from epidemiology of severe acute respiratory infections, screening and triage, infection prevention and control, monitoring of patients, laboratory diagnosis, principles of oxygen therapy and different types of ventilation (invasive and non-invasive), as well as antimicrobial and immunomodulator therapies, to ethical and quality of care assessments.
The first edition is availbel in Ukrainian and Russianmore
Der Artikel "Händedesinfektion unter den Bedingungen der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie" war am 4.5.2020 online vorab erschienen und ist nun in der regulären Ausgabe des Epidemiologischen Bulletins 19/2020 zu finden.
Bei vielen schwer erkrankten Menschen muss mit einer im Verhältnis zu anderen schweren ARE längeren Behandlung mit Beatmung/zusätzlichem Saürstoffbedarf gerechnet werden. Da weder eine Impfung noch eine spezifische Therapie derzeit zur Verfügung stehen, müssen alle Massnahmen darauf ausgericht...et sein, die Verbreitung der Erkrankung so gut wie möglich zu verlangsamen. Es gibt 3 Komponenten: A) Verhinderung der Ausbreitung durch Fallfindung und Absonderung von engen Kontaktpersonen, B) soziale Distanz schaffen und C) gezielter Schutz von vulnerablen Gruppen, die aktiviert und intensiviert werden müssen ent-sprechend der jeweils aktuellen Lagemore
Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung im öffentlichen Raum als weitere Komponente zur Reduktion der Übertragungen von COVID-19. Strategieergänzungen zu empfohlenen Schutzmaßnahmen und Zielen (3. Update) Das RKI empfiehlt ein generelles Tragen einer Mund-Nasen-Bedeckung (MNB) in bestimmten Situationen im öffentl...ichen Raum als einen weiteren Baustein, um Risikogruppen zu schützen und den Infektionsdruck und damit die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit von COVID-19 in der Bevölkerung zu reduzieren. Diese Empfehlung beruht auf einer Neubewertung aufgrund der zunehmenden Evidenz, dass ein hoher Anteil von Übertragungen unbemerkt erfolgt, und zwar bereits vor dem Auftreten von Krankheitssymptomen. Ziel des im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 19/2020 veröffentlichten Artikels ist es, eine kurze Übersicht zum fachlichen Hintergrund der Empfehlung zu geben und zu erläutern, welche Dinge hierbei zu berücksichtigen sind.more
BMJ Global Health2020;5:e002914. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002914
The evidence produced in mathematical models plays a key role in shaping policy decisions in pandemics. A key question is therefore how well pandemic models relate to their implementation contexts. Drawing on the cases of Ebola and in...fluenza, we map how sociological and anthropological research contributes in the modelling of pandemics to consider lessons for COVID-19. We show how models detach from their implementation contexts through their connections with global narratives of pandemic response, and how sociological and anthropological research can help to locate models differently. This potentiates multiple models of pandemic response attuned to their emerging situations in an iterative and adaptive science. We propose a more open approach to the modelling of pandemics which envisages the model as an intervention of deliberation in situations of evolving uncertainty. This challenges the ‘business-as-usual’ of evidence-based approaches in global health by accentuating all science, within and beyond pandemics, as ‘emergent’ and ‘adaptive’.more
The document is structured into five sections. The first presents the key experiences and challenges that justify a renewal of the EPHFs. The second section updates the groundwork for the exercise of public health and provides a framework to inform the exercise of the new essential functions. The th...ird section proposes a new integrated approach for implementing the EPHFs. The fourth section presents a new list of 11 EPHFs related to each stage of this integrated approach. Finally, in the last section, considerations are put forth to guide EPHF implementation as a means of strengthening the health sector.more
Many critical questions remain about the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in real-world settings. These questions can only be answered in post-introduction vaccine effectiveness studies.This guidance document outlines an approach to leverage existing surveillance systems for Severe Acute Respirato...ry Infection (SARI) to estimate COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing SARI associated with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 using existing SARI surveillance systems. The approach uses the test-negative design to evaluate VE; cases are SARI patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and controls are SARI patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2.more
Herd immunity by mass vaccination offers the potential to substantially limit the continuing spread of COVID-19, but high levels of vaccine hesitancy threaten this goal. In a cross-country analysis of vaccine hesitant respondents across Latin America in January 2021, we experimentally tested how fiv...e features of mass vaccination campaigns—the vaccine’s producer, efficacy, endorser, distributor, and current population uptake rate—shifted willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine. We find that citizens preferred Western-produced vaccines, but were highly influenced by factual information about vaccine efficacy. Vaccine hesitant individuals were more responsive to vaccine messengers with medical expertise than political, religious, or media elite endorsements. Citizen trust in foreign governments, domestic leaders, and state institutions moderated the effects of the campaign features on vaccine acceptance. These findings can help inform the design of unfolding mass inoculation campaigns.more
Climate change, increasing population densities, and intensified globalisation in trade, travel and migration are among the most important factors shaping the 21st century. Each impacts upon population health and the risk of infectious disease, particularly those originating at the human-animal-envi...ronmental interface. The recognition that many risk drivers of infectious disease fall outside of the typical domain of the health sector creates the challenge of identifying and pursuing priorities for cross-sectoral action aimed at strengthening global health security. In response, the One Health concept has emerged, as have related initiatives addressing Planetary Health and Biodiversity and Human Health. From a public health perspective and operationally speaking, the One Health approach offers great potential, emphasising as it does cooperation and coordination between multiple sectors. Yet despite having been a focal point for discussion for over a decade, numerous challenges facing the implementation of One Health preparedness strategies remain. While some are technical, related to the requirement for innovative early warning systems or new vaccines, for example, others are institutional and cultural in nature, given the transdisciplinary nature of the topic. There have thus been calls to address One Health from multiple perspectives, from ecology to the social sciences. In order to further explore this issue and to identify priority areas for action for strengthening One Health preparedness in Europe, ECDC convened an expert consultation on 11–12 December 2017.more
Obejtivo General:
Establecer las directrices de vigilancia epidemiológica y laboratorio de COVID-19
dentro del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia, que permita detectar los casos en el país y
evaluar los riesgos para generar información epidemiológica de calidad, que oriente a la toma de decisi...ones.more
El presente documento de trabajo fue elaborado en el marco de una investigación bibliográfica participativa y la experiencia acumulada por los técnicos de las áreas involucradas en la respuesta a las Infecciones Respiratorias Agudas (IRA) .
El documento constituye una guía orientativa de trab...ajo, que debe ser ajustado y adaptado a los niveles operativos, para garantizar el cumplimiento de los objetivos, ya que la vigilancia de esta infección está construyéndose a medida que la OMS comparte la información recabada y analizada. Puede ser revisado parcial o totalmente en el caso que la situación epidemiológica lo amerite.more