Despite being a preventable and curable infectious disease, tuberculosis (TB) has continued to elude global controll efforts. In 2023, 8.2 milion people with TB were diagnosed and notified to the WHO, the hightest number ever reported since WHO began tracking.
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Exposure to air pollution has significant adverse health effects, leading to nearly 1 in every 8 deaths globally. Air pollution affects all age groups, from unborn children to older people, in both high- and low-income nations.
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                In this guide, the African Palliative Care Association (APCA) has put together  evidence‑based information on the use of specific opioids commonly used in the  management of moderate‑to‑severe pain to manage both cancer and non‑cancer  pain. APCA hopes that this guide will be a useful tool i...n aiding health professionals  at all levels of healthcare delivery to assess and manage pain using opioids.  All opioids included in this guide are listed on the WHO model list of  essential medicines but we remind readers that oral morphine is the  standard opioid of choice for managing moderate‑to‑severe pain and  we recommend that it should be made available at all times.
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                                                                Public health challenges over the past decade have highlighted the importance of approaching health through a holistic lens of human, animal, and environmental sectors, recognizing the need for a collaborative response against shared threats. Zoonotic diseases, transmitted between humans and animals... through their shared environment, are at the forefront of the threats requiring collaborations that span human health, natural ecosystems, and food systems.
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                                                                PHSM are vital in reducing the risk and scale of infectious disease transmission and lowering hospitalization and deaths. Examples include contact tracing, quarantine and isolation, mask use, ventilation, school or workplace measures, mobility restrictions and travel requirements.
While these mea...sures are essential, decision-making on PHSM becomes particularly complex during rapidly evolving health emergencies, with incomplete information and under significant public and political pressure, especially when the pathogen is novel or poorly understood. In such contexts, guidance needs to be agile and responsive, developed and adapted based on emerging evidence and shifting epidemiological patterns. Decision-makers are frequently confronted with difficult trade-offs, having to balance measures that are:
─ effective but socially disruptive;
─ cost-effective but logistically burdensome;
─ beneficial for public health but economically disruptive; or
─ practical but inequitable or unethical
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                                                                The aim of this paper is to map and critically analyse evidence of good practice in prevention and response to gender-based violence (GBV) in humanitarian contexts which can support humanitarian practitioners and policy makers to improve the quality of GBV programming in the field. The paper is stru...ctured as follows. Following a brief discussion of key concepts and definitions in relation to GBV, Chapter 2 presents an overview of the extent of GBV in emergencies, and some of the challenges in responding to the problem. Chapter 3 then analyses some of the literature on the evidence of GBV programming effects in humanitarian settings, and draws out key lessons with regard to good practice. Chapter 4 discusses some of the key issues emerging from this review, and Chapter 5 concludes the paper with a discussion of the implications of the findings for research, policy and programming on GBV.
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                                                                Good practices in Mental Health and Well-being
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Recognition, Assessment and Treatment
National Clinical Guideline Number 159
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Standard Treatment Guideline
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Introducción 
Capítulo A.7
Edición en español
Editor: Juan José García-Orozco
Traducción: Juan José García-Orozco y Carlos González Vivas
Revisor de traducción: Laura Borredá Belda
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Background: Healthcare workers’ mental health was affected by SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. 
Aim: To evaluate healthcare workers’ mental health and its associated factors during the pandemic in Chile. Material and Methods: An online self-reported questionnaire was designed including the Goldberg Healt...h Questionnaire, the Patient Health 
Questionnaire, (PHQ-9), and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale among other questions. It was sent to 28,038 healthcare workers. 
Results: The questionnaire was answered by 1,934 participants, with a median age of 38 years (74% women). Seventy five percent were professionals, and 48% worked at a hospital. Fifty nine percent of respondents had a risk of having a mental health disorder, and 73% had depressive symptoms. Significant associations were found with sex, workplace, and some of the relevant experiences during the pandemic. Fifty one 
percent reported the need for mental health support, and 38% of them received it. 
Conclusions: There is a high percentage of health workers with symptoms of psychological distress, depression, and suicidal ideas. The gender approach is essential to understand the important differences found. Many health workers who required mental health care did not seek or received it.
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                                                                Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected infectious endemic disease that is transmitted through the bite of a vector insect (sandfly) of the Lutzomyia genus,typical of rural geographical territories, and causes disfiguring skin ulcers and disabilities. It is estimated that CL affects between 600 ...000 and 1 000 000 people a year around the world, mainly in the America s, the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East and Central Asia. Eighteen of the 21 countries that make up the Latin American (LA) region are considered endemic areas for this neglected tropical disease. Colombia is one of the countries that reports the majority of global cases with 6161 in 2020 and has the second highest number of cases in the Americas, after Brazil.
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                                                                A manual for health managers
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Conclusion: To ensure that people with disabilities can successfully access the necessary health services, the barriers on the demand side (the individuals requiring healthcare) as well as the barriers that are part of the healthcare system, should be attended to.