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The document provides a standardized protocol for evaluating the Early Warning Alert and Response Network (EWARN), a surveillance system used during humanitarian emergencies when regular national health surveillance may be disrupted. The purpose of EWARN is to detect outbreaks of communicable diseas
...
es early and enable rapid public health response. The guidance explains how the system should be assessed in terms of its structure, implementation, effectiveness, and usefulness. It outlines the key steps of evaluation: preparation, system description, data collection, and post-evaluation reporting. The protocol highlights common challenges observed in previous EWARN implementations, such as delays in establishing the system, limited data quality, weak outbreak response, and lack of clear transition plans back to routine surveillance systems. It emphasizes the need to evaluate both weekly disease reporting and alert verification processes, and to review attributes such as simplicity, data quality, timeliness, sensitivity, and stability. The document also provides templates for interviews, data review forms, and laboratory assessment, as well as guidance on conducting remote evaluations when access is limited. The overall goal of the protocol is to ensure that EWARN functions effectively to detect and respond to outbreaks and that practical recommendations are developed to improve the system’s performance and sustainability in emergency settings.
more
Developed through broad and inclusive consultation, and aligned with the WHO Global Health Sector Strategies and the Sustainable Development Goals, the framework promotes a people-centred approach and antimicrobial stewardship across 5 key domains: prevention and response, surveillance, research and
...
innovation, laboratory capacity, and governance.
more
In response to the growing necessity for accurate and timely information regarding deaths categorized by age, sex, and cause of death, underscored by the profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) developed the Continental Framework d
...
esigned to fortify mortality surveillance within the African Union Member States. This Operational Guide is a comprehensive companion, delineating specific activities harmonized with the framework.
more
A Training Curriculum
Through the “Fiji National HIV Surge Strategic Plan 2024-2027,” the ministry will address areas for
Prevention, Diagnostics, Treatment and Care, the Continuum of Care and an intense Monitoring,
Evaluation, Accountability and Learning Framework for the government. This strategic plan aims
to d
...
ecentralise services and bring services closer to individuals in a non-stigmatising and
discriminatory manner nationwide.
more
This document aims to provide public health authorities in European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries with guidance for improved preparedness planning taking the lessons that have been identified through various activities in the context of recent public health crises (e.g. COVID-1
...
9 pandemic, mpox multi-country outbreak 2022–23) and translating them to concrete advice. This document, together with the ECDC recommendations on the implementation of public health and social measures (PHSMs) for health emergencies and pandemics published in 2024, form a package of concrete recommendations for preparedness planning for the EU/EEA countries. Lessons learned primarily from the response to the COVID-19 pandemic, but also from the response to the multicountry mpox outbreak in 2022–23, were collected through various activities from Member States, the European Commission, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the WHO Regional Office from Europe. We have then presented these in the form of specific recommendations for planners within each phase of the continuous cycle of preparedness (Anticipation, Response and Recovery), following a prototype structure of a preparedness and response plan. In each section, we have presented a relevant example from a Member State or international organisation to illustrate their practice or attempt to implement lessons after COVID-19 or the mpox outbreak. These examples were identified either through literature review or communication with representatives of the countries within ECDC’s network for Preparedness and Response.
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The document “Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response Systems: A Guide to Planning” is a World Health Organization (WHO) guide designed to help countries develop and strengthen national surveillance and response systems for communicable diseases . It explains why surveillance is essential
...
for early detection of outbreaks, informed decision-making, and effective public health action, especially in the context of the revised International Health Regulations (2005).
The guide provides a structured approach to strategic and operational planning. It outlines how countries should assess their existing systems, define a vision and goals, identify expected key result areas (EKRAs), prioritize activities, set realistic targets, allocate resources, and monitor progress. It also includes practical tools such as templates, worksheets, and examples to support ministries of health in organizing planning workshops and developing multi-year strategic plans and annual operational plans. Overall, the document serves as a practical framework to improve preparedness, early warning, and response to public health emergencies.
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World Health Organization (2018). A practical guide for developing and conducting simulation exercises to test and validate pandemic influenza preparedness plans.
Guide to revision of national pandemic influenza preparedness plans - Lessons learned from the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic
Brown C., Ciotti M., Hegermann-Lindencrone M., et al
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), WHO Regional Office for Europe
(2017)
C_WHO
The document “Guide to revision of national pandemic influenza preparedness plans – Lessons learned from the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic” provides guidance for countries on how to improve and update their national pandemic preparedness plans. It is based on lessons learned from the 2009 influenza pa
...
ndemic and aims to help governments strengthen their readiness for future pandemics. The report outlines key components of effective pandemic planning, including risk assessment, coordination between sectors, communication strategies, healthcare system preparedness, vaccination and antiviral strategies, and business continuity planning. It also emphasizes the importance of international cooperation and flexible planning that can adapt to different pandemic scenarios. Overall, the guide serves as a framework to support countries in developing stronger, more coordinated responses to future influenza pandemics.
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Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a human rights violation deeply rooted in gender inequality and discrimination. FGM violates various human rights under international human rights law including, among others, the rights to equality, life and health and the rights to be free from discrimination, to
...
rture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment. The failure by States to end this harmful practice against women and girls is a violation of States’ obligations to respect, protect and fulfil the enjoyment of all human rights. These obligations are accompanied by certain human rights accountability mechanisms that are critical in holding States to account for implementing their international and regional human rights obligations and commitments
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The publication "Aligning national drought plans with global and national policy frameworks" provides governments and practitioners with practical guidance on how to align national drought plans (NDPs) with existing policy, legal and institutional frameworks to enable effective implementation. It po
...
sitions policy alignment as a core requirement for moving from reactive drought response to proactive, risk-based drought management, in line with national development priorities and international commitments.The report presents two complementary methodologies that support alignment across both the planning and implementation phases of NDPs. A multicriteria assessment framework is used to review the quality, readiness and internal coherence of drought plans, while a policy alignment approach examines how drought is recognized and addressed across sectoral policies, institutional mandates and coordination mechanisms.
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