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Anaemia is a serious global public health problem that particularly affects young children, menstruating adolescent girls and women, and pregnant and postpartum women. It is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or the haemoglobin concentration within them is lower than normal, affectin
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g the blood’s ability to carry oxygen to the body’s tissues.
To reliably monitor the prevalence of anaemia at a population level, it is vital to measure the haemoglobin concentration in an accurate and precise way. In large-scale surveys, however, haemoglobin is most commonly measured using single-drop capillary blood specimens in point-of-care devices. Emerging evidence suggests that the use of single-drop capillary blood can introduce random and/or systematic errors, which may lead to inaccurate estimates, complicating effective anaemia programming.
This technical brief describes the current best practices for haemoglobin measurement, providing guidance to help plan or implement field surveys to assess anaemia at a population level. Continuing work to review emerging evidence is led by members of the WHO-UNICEF Technical Expert Advisory group on nutrition Monitoring (TEAM).
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Disability inclusive shelter programming enables persons with disabilities to contribute more to their communities, participate more in consultations and decision-making, and facilitate their own protection. The key concepts include: Disability inclusive shelter programming is both a process and an
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outcome. By engaging persons with disabilities in the process, we will also improve the outcomes for persons with disabilities.
The disability community has the slogan “Nothing about us without us,” reminding that we should include and work with persons with disabilities and their representative groups rather than plan or make decisions on their behalf. Persons with disabilities should be engaged throughout shelter programme planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.
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Evidence-based psychological interventions are an important part of health, social, protection and education services and can help increase access to effective mental health treatments and progression towards universal health coverage.
This manual provides managers and others responsible for plan
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ning and delivering services with practical guidance on how to implement manualized psychological interventions for adults, adolescents and children. It covers the five key implementation steps: make an implementation plan; adapt for context; prepare the workforce; identify, assess and support potential beneficiaries; and monitor and evaluate the service.
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The course aims to cover the types of NCDs and risk factors, the challenges of delivering NCD services in primary health care, elements of WHO technical packages (PEN and HEARTS) for NCDs and how to adapt these packages in primary health care.
SEARO NCD PEN-HEARTS is a series of four courses with
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the other three courses focusing on NCDs interventions, diabetic foot care and palliative care that will enable the learner to plan and deliver NCD services.
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Les présentes orientations de l’OMS portent sur la restriction du marketing (notamment le marketing numérique) dans les contextes des produits du tabac et des produits à base de nicotine, de l’alcool, des aliments et des boissons nocifs pour la santé, ainsi que des substituts du lait materne
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l. Dans la Convention-cadre de l’OMS pour la lutte antitabac, les Parties reconnaissent que l’interdiction globale de la publicité, de la promotion et du parrainage intérieurs et transfrontaliers réduira la consommation des produits du tabac. Le plan d’action afin de mettre en œuvre de manière efficace la Stratégie mondiale visant à réduire l’usage nocif de l’alcool en tant que priorité de santé publique propose que les États Membres appliquent des restrictions ou des interdictions globales et strictes du marketing en faveur de l’alcool
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Summary of National Priorities - Malawi
Community Health Roadmap
United States Agency for International Development; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; The Rockefeller Foundation; World Bank Group; community health acceleration partnership; unicef
(2021)
CC
Malawi’s first National Community Health Strategy (NCHS, 2017-2022) defines a new community health system in which community health cadres, both formal and non-formal, deliver services of the Essential Health Package, with a focus on child and maternal health. It envisages an integrated approach t
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o service delivery and is embedded in Malawi’s Health Sector Strategic Plan (HSSPII).
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The OpenWHO course titled "Interventions for Noncommunicable Diseases in Primary Health Care" provides guidance on screening, detection, diagnosis, and management of major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases (asthma and chron
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ic obstructive pulmonary disease), and early cancer detection within primary health care settings. It emphasizes delivering high-impact essential NCD interventions through a primary healthcare approach to enhance early detection and timely treatment. This course is part of the SEARO NCD PEN-HEARTS series, which includes four courses aimed at enabling learners to plan and deliver NCD services effectively.
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Non- Communicable Diseases (NCDs) over the years have not been given much attention in Ghana and in most Low and Middle- Income Countries (LMICs). The overwhelming burden of communicable diseases and the scarcity of resources has led to the health of all residents in Ghana, NCDs still remain largely
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underfunded and less prioritized. Attempts in the past have achieved little success. The formulation of Ghana´s NCD policy in 2014 and the accompanying strategic plan is one such effort.
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An integrated approach is particularly important for low-resource settings for efficient use of limited resources. The course contents will include risk factors, clinical course, guidance and protocols for diagnosis, management and referral as needed for NCDs in PHC. SEARO NCD PEN-HEARTS is a series
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of four courses with the other three courses focusing on Hearts of NCD: an integrated approach to management of NCDs in PHC, diabetic foot care and palliative care that will enable the learner to plan and deliver NCD services.
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In 2015, Member States and the global health community committed to reduce premature mortality from
noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) by one third by 2030 (SDG target 3.4). Despite growing efforts, the pace of change in
most countries, and the policies and regulations required to achieve this goal,
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are too slow, inadequate or insufficient.
Recognizing that public sector efforts alone are insufficient to address the prevention and control of NCDs, the Global
NCD Action Plan emphasizes the need for coordinated multisectoral and multistakeholder engagement, acknowledging
the role of nongovernmental organizations – including civil society groups, individuals with lived experience, academic
institutions and private sector entities. However, WHO notes that some Member States still have limited or no capacity
to establish or manage the implementation of engagement with private sector entities for the prevention and control of
noncommunicable diseases
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Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD) Brazil success case: overcoming barriers
Cruz, A.A.; Camargos, P. A.; Urrutia-Pereira, M.; Stelmach, R.
Journal of Thoracic Disease
(2018)
CC2
The article discusses the success of the Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD) in Brazil. It details the initiatives launched to address chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) like asthma and COPD, emphasizing the development of national programs and collaborative efforts with the
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World Health Organization (WHO). Key achievements include successful advocacy, education campaigns, and pilot projects for asthma control, which have led to improved access to treatment and better management of CRDs. Despite challenges such as limited government priority, GARD Brazil has made significant progress in awareness and care for respiratory conditions. The article highlights the need for continued support to sustain these efforts and develop a formal national action plan.
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Now that you have a basic understanding of COPD, you may have some
additional questions. In this 201 guide, we will move beyond the basics.
You will find information and resources for the treatment and management
of COPD, associated conditions, and even an action
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plan to help you avoid
exacerbations.
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The pharmacological management of asthma has changed considerably in recent decades, as it has come to be understood that it is a complex, heterogeneous disease with different phenotypes and endotypes. It is now clear that the goal of asthma treatment should be to achieve and maintain control of the
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disease, as well as to minimize the risks (of exacerbations, disease instability, accelerated loss of lung function, and adverse treatment effects). That requires an approach that is personalized in terms of the pharmacological treatment, patient education, written action plan, training in correct inhaler use, and review of the inhaler technique at each office visit. A panel of 22 pulmonologists was invited to perform a critical review of recent evidence of pharmacological treatment of asthma and to prepare this set of recommendations, a treatment guide tailored to use in Brazil. The topics or questions related to the most significant changes in concepts, and consequently in the management of asthma in clinical practice, were chosen by a panel of experts. To formulate these recommendations, we asked each expert to perform a critical review of a topic or to respond to a question, on the basis of evidence in the literature. In a second phase, three experts discussed and structured all texts submitted by the others. That was followed by a third phase, in which all of the experts reviewed and discussed each recommendation. These recommendations, which are intended for physicians involved in the treatment of asthma, apply to asthma patients of all ages.
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The pharmacological management of asthma has changed considerably in recent decades, as it has come to be understood that it is a complex, heterogeneous disease with different phenotypes and endotypes. It is now clear that the goal of asthma treatment should be to achieve and maintain control of the
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disease, as well as to minimize the risks (of exacerbations, disease instability, accelerated loss of lung function, and adverse treatment effects). That requires an approach that is personalized in terms of the pharmacological treatment, patient education, written action plan, training in correct inhaler use, and review of the inhaler technique at each office visit. A panel of 22 pulmonologists was invited to perform a critical review of recent evidence of pharmacological treatment of asthma and to prepare this set of recommendations, a treatment guide tailored to use in Brazil. The topics or questions related to the most significant changes in concepts, and consequently in the management of asthma in clinical practice, were chosen by a panel of experts. To formulate these recommendations, we asked each expert to perform a critical review of a topic or to respond to a question, on the basis of evidence in the literature. In a second phase, three experts discussed and structured all texts submitted by the others. That was followed by a third phase, in which all of the experts reviewed and discussed each recommendation. These recommendations, which are intended for physicians involved in the treatment of asthma, apply to asthma patients of all ages.
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Myth: It’s better to ‘tough it out’ without taking asthma medication. The lungs do not get stronger or become better able to deal with asthma if a person tries to work through an attack without medication. In fact, the lung inflammation that goes along with an attack (see what is asthma)
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can cause permanent damage to the lungs. Always use medication according to the Asthma Action Plan. If you have questions, talk with your health care provider.
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Asthma is the most common chronic condition in children worldwide. It affects daytime activities, sleep and school attendance and causes anxiety to parents, families and other carers. The quality of asthma diagnosis and management globally still needs substantial improvement. From infancy to the tee
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nage years, there are age-specific challenges, including both underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis with stigma-related barriers to treatment in some cultures and in adolescents. The Paediatric Asthma Project Plan has been initiated to strengthen diagnosis and management of asthma. This encompasses a vision for the next 10–15 years, building on the knowledge and experience from previous educational projects. It will take into account the educational needs of patients, carers and healthcare professionals as well as the accessibility and affordability of medication, particularly in low and middle-income countries where the prevalence of asthma is rising more rapidly. This overview presents a first step for those involved in the diagnosis and management of childhood asthma to strengthen care for children globally.
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This guideline covers diagnosing, monitoring and managing asthma in adults, young people and children. It aims to improve the accuracy of diagnosis, help people to control their asthma and reduce the risk of asthma attacks. It does not cover managing severe asthma or acute asthma attacks. It emphasi
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zes the importance to include advice in the personalised
action plan on minimising indoor air pollution and reducing exposure to outdoor air pollution.
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The Councils share a common mandate of ensuring persons practising health related professions in Namibia are suitably qualified. Registration with the Councils is, thus, a pre-requisite for professional practice – and it is also a legal requirement too update personal details of all registered hea
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lthcare practitioners. The target of the Councils as per the five-year strategic plan (2020/2025) is to register and enrol twenty-four thousand six hundred and fourteen (24 614) healthcare practitioners by the 2021/2022 financial year. The Councils have significantly delivered on this mandate by registering and enrolling a total of twenty-six thousand six hundred and eighty-one (26 681) healthcare practitioners.
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Reflecting its commitment to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Namibia volunteered to undertake a second national review of the SDGs in 2021. The focus is on three SDG dimensions, namely, Economic, Social, and Environmental. These three dimensions are comprehensively integrated in
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the fifth National Development Plan (NDP5) pillars: Economic Progression, Social Transformation, Environmental Sustainability, and Good Governance.
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