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Orientations pour la surveillance des variants du SARS-CoV-2

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2021) C_WHO

Orientations provisoires 9 août 2021 Le présent document vise à décrire un ensemble minimal d'activités de surveillance recommandées au niveau national pour détecter et surveiller la prévalence relative des variantes du SRAS-CoV-2 et à présenter un ensemble d'activités pour la caractér ... more

Considérations opérationnelles pour la surveillance de la COVID-19 dans le cadre du GISRS

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) (2020) C_WHO

Orientations provisoires 26 mars 2020 Plusieurs pays ont montré qu’il était possible de ralentir voire de stopper la transmission interpersonnelle de la COVID-19. Les principales mesures pour arrêter la transmission sont le dépistage actif des cas, les soins et l’isolement, la recherche ... more

Application of the essential public health functions: an integrated and comprehensive approach to public health

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

Essential public health functions (EPHFs) have been recognized as a core component of the primary health care approach and are central to an integrated, comprehensive, sustainable and cost-effective approach to enhancing individual and population health and reducing the burden of disease, as a ... more

Le paludisme : informations essentielles pour les professionnels de santé (Canada)

Centre de collaboration nationale des maladies infectieuses (CCNMI) (2025) C2

La page « Paludisme » du Centre de collaboration nationale des maladies infectieuses (CCNMI) offre une synthèse complète sur cette maladie parasitaire transmise par les moustiques Anopheles. Elle aborde les causes, les symptômes similaires à ceux de la grippe, les complications possibles, ... more

Financing malaria

Rannan-Eliya R.P. PLOS Global Public Health (2022) CC

The faltering of progress towards malaria elimination follows a plateauing in international financing since 2010. Despite calls for increased international financing, this will be hard to achieve. Both developed country donors and developing countries with malaria face severe fiscal constraints in e ... more

Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ... is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

Tackling malaria in countries hardest hit by the disease: ministerial conference report, Yaoundé, Cameroon, 6 March 2024

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The Malaria Ministerial Conference, co-hosted by WHO and the Government of Cameroon on 6 March 2024, brought together more than 400 stakeholders, including Ministers of Health and senior representatives from the African countries hardest hit by malaria, global health leaders, scientists, civil socie ... more

Issue Brief: Update on TB 2025

The MEDBOX Team (2025) CC

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with an estimated annual death rate of approximately one per 100,000 people in countries with low TB prevalence. Rapid reductions in TB cases and deaths worldwide depend on research breakthroughs, including the development of new vac ... more

Strengthening primary health care to tackle racial discrimination, promote intercultural services and reduce health inequities

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

As countries aim to progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and achieving universal health coverage, health inequities driven by racial discrimination and intersecting factors remain pervasive. Inequities experienced by indigenous peoples as well as people of African descent, Roma ... more

Астанинская декларация (Declarartion of Astana)
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

Глобальная конференция по первичной медико-санитарной помощи:от Алма-Атинской декларации к всеобщему охвату услугами здравоохранения и Целям в области у стой чи ... more

India: Whatever happened to Health For All by 2000

National Coordination Committee, Jan Swasthya Sabha (2000) C1

Towards the Peoples Health Assembly Book -2

Prevención del VIH para 2025 — Hoja de ruta

UNAIDS World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Esta nueva hoja de ruta traza el camino a seguir para las acciones a nivel de país con el fin de alcanzar un ambicioso conjunto de objet ivos de prevención del VIH para 2025. Estos objetivos surgieron de la Declaración Política sobre el VIH y el sida de 2021, que la Asamblea General de las Nacio ... more

Teaching Children with Disabilities in Inclusive Settings

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (2015) CC

Embracing Diversity: Toolkit for Creating Inclusive, Learning-Friendly Environments Specialized Booklet 3

The World Health Report 2008: Primary Health Care - Now more than ever

World Health Organization (2008) C_WHO

Primary care - Putting people first: This chapter describes how primary care brings promotion and prevention, cure and care together in a safe, effective and socially productive way at the interface between the population and the health system.

Encuesta 2017-2018: Conocimientos, actitudes y práticas de los pobladores del Chaco paraguayo sobre las enfermedades infecciosas desatentidas y el dengue, Resultados

Organización Panamericana de la Salud; World Health Organization World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

Paraguay muestra avances en el compromiso asumido, de avanzar hacia la Salud Uni¬versal. La experiencia ha demostrado que el proceso puede acelerarse cuando existe un fuerte involucramiento social. En este marco se realizó un llamado a los líderes del MSPYBS, la sociedad civil y público en gener ... more

WHO guideline on health policy and system support to optimize community health worker programmes. Selected highlights
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

Declaración para la salud de los pueblos

Moviemento para la Salud de los Pueblos (2012) C1

La Carta de los Pueblos para la Salud es una declaración de la visión compartida, los objetivos, los principios y los llamamientos a la acción que unen a todos los miembros de la coalición PHM. Es el documento de consenso sobre salud más ampliamente respaldado desde la Declaración de Alma Ata ... more

30 Jahre Primary Health Care - Die Neuauflage einer revolutionären Idee

Müller, O; Razum O Deutsches Ärzteblatt PP 92008: 407 (2008) C2

Die Gesundheitskonferenz in Alma-Ata definierte 1978 Gesundheit als Menschenrecht. Man setzte auf Teilhabe und Basisgesundheitsdienste. Nun wird das Konzept wiederbelebt.

Declaración de Astaná
recommended

Organizaion Mundial de la Salud OMS (2018) C_WHO

Conferencia Mundial sobre Atención Primaria de Salud Desde Alma-Ata hacia la cobertura sanitaria universal y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible Astaná (Kazajstán), 25 y 26 de octubre de 2018

Convention relative aux droits des personnes handicapées et Protocole facultatif

Nations Unies (2006) CC