MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCEVolume 24, Number 5, 2018ªMary Ann Liebert, Inc.DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0383
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a worldwide publichealth concern, with serious health, economic, and so-cietal repercussions. Its emergence is attributed to the se-lective pressure exerted by antib...iotic use in the community, hospitals, veterinary health, agriculture, aquaculture, and the environment. Additionally aggravating the situation is the fact that very few new antibiotics have recently been produced by pharmaceutical companies. It is widely acknowledged that food animals are key reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and that antibiotic usage in this population favors the emergence, selection, and spread of resistance among animals and humans, both through zoonoses (infectious diseases trans-mitted between animals and humans) and the food chain.
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This document has been prepared based on the evidence currently available about
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission (human-to-human transmission via respiratory droplets or direct contact from an infected individual).
It is recommended to use it in conjunction with the published World... Health Organization
(WHO) Handbook for management of public health events on board ships.
The target audience of this documents is any authority involved in public health response to
a COVID-19 public health event on board ships, including International Health Regulations
(IHR) National Focal Point (NFP), port health authorities, local, provincial and national health
surveillance and response system, as well as port operators and ship operators
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Lancet Respir Med 2020Published OnlineMarch 20, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30134-
The WHO CIA List should be used as a reference to help formulate and prioritize risk assessment and risk management strategies for containing antimicrobial resistance. The WHO CIA List supports strategies to mitigate the human health risks associated with antimicrobial use in ...food-producing animals and has been used by both public and private sector organizations. The list helps regulators and stakeholders know which types of antimicrobials used in animals present potentially higher risks to human populations and how use of antimicrobials might be managed to minimize antimicrobial resistance of medical importance. The use of the WHO CIA List, in conjunction with the OIE list of antimicrobials of veterinary importance (1) and the WHO Model Lists of Essential Medicines (2) , will allow for prioritization of risk management strategies in the human sector, the food animal sector, inagriculture (crops) and horticulture, through a coordinated multisectoral One Health approach.
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The current document is anupdate of the guidelines developed by the EUCAST subcommittee on detection of resistance mechanisms. The EUCAST Steering Committee has carried out the current update. The document has been developed mainly for routine use in clinical laboratories and doesnot cover technical... procedures for identification of resistance mechanisms at a molecular level by reference or expert laboratories. However, much of the content is also applicable tonational reference laboratories. Furthermore, it is important to note that the document does not cover screening for asymptomatic carriage (colonization) of multidrug-resistant microorganismsor direct detectionof resistancein clinical samples.
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Временные рекомендации 25 января 2020 г.
Временные рекомендации
13 марта 2020 г.
Настоящий документ является вторым изданием руководства (версия 1.2), которое первоначально представляло собой адаптированн...ый вариант Руководства по клиническому ведению тяжелой острой респираторной инфекции при подозрении на инфекцию MERS-CoV (ВОЗ, 2019 г.).
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19 de março de 2020. Introdução Este documento fornece orientações rápidas sobre o uso de máscaras médicas em comunidades, em domicílios e em unidades de saúde em áreas que relataram surtos causados pelo novo coronavírus de 2019 (2019-nCoV). Destina-se a profissionais de saúde pública ...e de prevenção e controle de infecção (IPC), gerentes de atenção à saúde, profissionais de saúde e agentes comunitários de saúde. Será revisado à medida que mais PCI dados estiverem disponíveis. Com as informações disponíveis atualmente, sugere-se que a via de transmissão humano a humano do 2019-nCoV seja por gotículas respiratórias ou contato. Qualquer pessoa que esteja em contato próximo (dentro de 1 metro) com alguém com sintomas respiratórios (por exemplo, espirros, tosse, etc.) está sob risco de exposta a gotículas respiratórias potencialmente infectantes. Máscaras médicas são máscaras cirúrgicas ou de procedimento que são planas ou com pregas (algumas são como copos); elas são afixadas na cabeça com tirasa.
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An essential participant in antimicrobial stewardship who has been unrecognized and underutilized is the“staff nurse.”Although the role of staff nurses has not formally been recognized in guidelines for implementing and operating antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) or defined in the medica...l literature, they have always performed numerous functions that are integral to successful antimicrobial stewardship. Nurses are antibiotic first responders, central communicators, coordinators of care, as well as 24-hour monitors of patient status, safety, and response to antibiotic therapy. An operational analysis of inpatient admissions evaluates these nursing stewardship activities and analyzes the potential benefits of nurses’formal education about, and inclusion into, ASPs.
Clinical Infectious Diseases - CID 2016:62 (1 January)•CLINICAL PRACTICE
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At this time, information about COVID-19 is rapidly evolving as new details are confirmed and new questions emerge. In the
event of an outbreak in your community, as a parent/caregiver, your first concern is about how to protect and take care of
your children and family. Knowing important informat...ion about the outbreak and learning how to be prepared can reduce your
stress and help calm likely anxieties. This resource will help you think about how an infectious disease outbreak might affect
your family—both physically and emotionally—and what you can do to help your family cope.
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WHO Regional Office for Africa
The following protocol has been designed to investigate the extent of infection, as determined by seropositivity in the general population, in any country in which COVID-19 virus infection has been reported. Each country may need to tailor some aspects of this protocol to align with public health, l...aboratory and clinical systems, according to capacity, availability of resources and cultural appropriateness. However, using a standardized protocol such as this one below, epidemiological exposure data and biological samples can be systematically collected and shared rapidly in a format that can be easily aggregated, tabulated and analyzed across many different settings globally for timely estimates of COVID-19 virus infection severity and attack rates, as well as to inform public health responses and policy decisions. This is particularly important in the context of a novel respiratory pathogen, such as COVID-19 virus
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The role of environmental contamination in transmission of COVID-19 virus is currently not clear. This protocol has been designed to determine (viable) virus presence and persistence on fomites in various locations where a patient infected with COVID-19 is currently receiving care or being isolated,... and to understand how this may relate to COVID-19 transmission events in these settings. It is therefore important that it is done as part of a comprehensive outbreak investigation and that information obtained by environmental studies is combined with the results of epidemiological, laboratory and sequence data from COVID-19 patient investigations.
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4ª edição
Nos próximos meses, a COVID Reference apresentará atualizações regulares e narrará os dados científicos o mais coerente possível.
La 3ieme édition du nouveau mini-manuel.
Au cours des mois à venir COVID Reference publiera des mises à jour régulières.
Orientations provisoires
6 avril 2020
Le présent document résume les recommandations de l’OMS sur l’utilisation rationnelle de l’équipement de protection individuelle (EPI) dans les établissements de santé et lors des soins à domicile, ainsi que lors de la manipulation des cargaison...s; il évalue également les perturbations qui touchent actuellement la chaîne d’approvisionnement mondiale et les éléments à considérer pour la prise de décisions en cas de grave pénurie d’EPI.
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Orientações provisórias23 de Abrilde2020