The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) Biosafety and Biosecurity Initiative was launched by the Africa CDC in April 2019 with the aim of strengthening the African Union (AU) Member States’ biosafety and biosecurity systems and enabling them to comply with national and i...nternational requirements for biosafety and biosecurity including the International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005), the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), and United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1540 and the multi-country Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA). The World Health Organization (WHO) Joint External Evaluation (JEE) and the Global Health Security Index report confirmed the known capacity gaps in biosafety and biosecurity among Africa Union Member (AU).
The regional consultations by Africa CDC conducted between 2019-2021 highlighted the deficiency or limited availability of standardized and regionally recognized training programs in the continent, limiting biosafety and biosecurity capacity building efforts in the region. In response, Africa CDC working with AU Member States developed a home grown, implementable and accessible professional training and certification program that is both recognized and endorsed by AU Member States. The Regional Training and Certification Program for Biosafety and Biosecurity Professionals, for African Biosafety and Biosecurity Professionals (RTCP-BBP) has four (4) areas of specialization, namely
Selection, Installation, Maintenance and Certification of Biological Safety Cabinets
Biorisk Management
Design and Maintenance of Facilities Handling High Risk Pathogens (Biocontainment Engineering)
Biological Waste management
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The COVID-19 pandemic is having a profound negative effect on the global economy and is occurring in the context of a rapidly changing climate. This year is expected to be the second hottest in recorded history. Weather forecasts for 2020 indicate a high probability that extreme weather will adverse...ly affect food production in many countries. This brief draws on historical evidence and demonstrates that reductions in national food availability caused by severe weather events tend to be considerably larger in magnitude when they occur during global economic downturns. The risks posed by this dual threat are particularly high for poorer countries that are net food importers. Taking actions to mitigate these adverse effects in the short-term, while building the resilience of agri-food systems to future shocks is critical for avoiding major contractions in food availability and associated risks of food insecurity.
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The report offers an overview of the progress the humanitarian sector has made and the obstacles it has faced over the past 10 years. Accountability is no longer just a fashionable term, there is now a shared understanding of what it takes to be accountable. From changes at policy level, to concrete... actions taken in the field, this report documents this sector-wide shift. It also shows that being accountable to the people we aim to serve is not just the right thing to do, it is also the best way to ensure programmes are relevant, effective, efficient and sustainable
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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a disease of the blood vessels outside the heart and brain. PAD often occurs due to a buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries.
En este documento se ofrece, en un formato de fácil consulta, el panorama general de las cuestiones relativas a la salud y los derechos sexuales y reproductivos que pueden afectar a los derechos humanos, la salud y el bienestar de los adolescentes (de edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 19 años...) y las directrices pertinentes de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para abordar dichas cuestiones. Este documento permite acceder al amplio conjunto de directrices de la OMS al respecto y constituye un útil recurso para la labor de promoción, formulación de políticas, investigación y diseño de programas y proyectos. Tiene por finalidad apoyar la aplicación de la Estrategia Mundial para la Salud de la Mujer, el Niño y el Adolescente 2016-2030 (1) y está armonizado con las medidas mundiales aceleradas en favor de la salud de los adolescentes (AA HA!) de la OMS y el marco operativo de la OMS sobre salud sexual y su relación con la salud reproductiva (2, 3).
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DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.102891Little progress has been made since the 1960s and 19. 70s to widen the therapeutic arsenal against Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative pathogen of Chagas disease, which remains a frustrating and perplexing infectious disease. This chapter focuses on the strategic and opera...tional challenges in the clinical drug development of a novel antitrypanosomal agent for Chagas disease. The various elements that contribute to a robust assessment of treatment effect including dose selection, choice of patient population, trial methodology, endpoint measures, and regulatory perspectives are discussed. The learnings herein should serve as resource to help researchers and other stakeholders optimize their clinical development plans and speed delivery of new medicines to patients with Chagas disease.
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Website last accessed on 14.04.2023
Les trématodes d'origine alimentaire sont des zoonoses et leurs agents pathogènes ne peuvent être transmis à l'homme qu'après avoir accompli un cycle de vie complexe, dont certaines étapes se déroulent dans un hôte animal intermédiaire. Les premiers h...ôtes intermédiaires de toutes les espèces de trématodes sont les escargots d'eau douce. Le deuxième hôte diffère selon l'espèce : dans le cas de la clonorchiase et de l'opisthorchiase, il s'agit de poissons d'eau douce, et dans le cas de la paragonimiase, de crustacés.
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DHS Analytical Studies No. 57
Estas Normas pretendem ser um instrumento de apoio ao profissional
de saúde afecto às Unidades Sanitárias, à todos os níveis de atenção de
saúde para o diagnóstico, tratamento e seguimento da HTA, bem como
prevenção das complicações
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) treated with a pyrethroid insecticide and the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) have become available. Two of these nets (Olyset®Plus and PermaNet®3.0) have a WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES) interim recommendation as LLINs
One billion people around the world live with disabilities. This report makes the case that they are being “left behind” in the global community’s work on health. This lack of access not only violates the rights of people with disabilities under international law, but UHC and SDG 3 cannot be a...ttained without better health services for the one billion people with disabilities.
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Chaque année, 2,6 millions de bébés meurent avant l’âge d’un mois. Un million d’entre eux rendent leur dernier souffle le jour même de leur naissance. Pourtant, des millions de jeunes vies pourraient être épargnées chaque année si les mères et les bébés avaient accès à des soins ...de santé abordables et de qualité, à une nutrition correcte et à de l’eau potable. Ce rapport appelle à une coopération solide entre les gouvernements, les entreprises, les prestataires de soins de santé, les communautés et les familles pour donner à chaque enfant une chance de vivre et travailler collectivement pour atteindre une couverture sanitaire universelle et un monde dans lequel aucun nouveau-né ne meurt d’une cause évitable.
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Comment reconnaître les maladies tropicales négligées selon les altérations de la peau : guide de formation à l’usage du
personnel sanitaire de première lignes [Recognizing neglected tropical diseases through changes on the skin: a training
guide for front-line health workers]
Mental health is critical to personal well-being, interpersonal relationships, and successful contributions to society. Mental health conditions consequently impose a high burden not only on individuals, families and society, but also on economies. In Jamaica, mental health conditions are highly pre...valent and major contributors to morbidity, disability, and premature mortality.
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Vaccines contribute to the battle against antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by preventing infections and thereby reducing antimicrobial use and the incidence of disease from resistant pathogens. By preventing infection transmission, vaccines extend population protection by also reducing the risk of inf...ection among the unvaccinated (herd immunity). A first comprehensive study found that
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Introduction Community health workers (CHWs) are increasingly being tasked to prevent and manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors in underserved populations in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs); however, little is known about the required training necessary for them to ...accomplish their role. This review aimed to evaluate the training of CHWs for the prevention and management of CVD and its risk factors in LMICs.
Methods A search strategy was developed in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and five electronic databases (Medline, Global Health, ERIC, EMBASE and CINAHL) were searched to identify peer-reviewed studies published until December 2016 on the training of CHWs for prevention or control of CVD and its risk factors in LMICs. Study characteristics were extracted using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and quality assessed using Effective Public Health Practice Project’s Quality Assessment Tool. The search, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two researchers.
Results The search generated 928 articles of which 8 were included in the review. One study was a randomised controlled trial, while the remaining were before–after intervention studies. The training methods included classroom lectures, interactive lessons, e-learning and online support and group discussions or a mix of two or more. All the studies showed improved knowledge level post-training, and two studies demonstrated knowledge retention 6 months after the intervention.
Conclusion The results of the eight included studies suggest that CHWs can be trained effectively for CVD prevention and management. However, the effectiveness of CHW trainings would likely vary depending on context given the differences between studies (eg, CHW demographics, settings and training programmes) and the weak quality of six of the eight studies. Well-conducted mixed-methods studies are needed to provide reliable evidence about the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of training programmes for CHWs.
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This report’s central premise is that diagnostics and therapeutics, and associated test to treat strategies, are fundamental components of the pandemic response, both for COVID-19 and for future health threats. Two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, this report reflects on the main challenges and k...ey solutions on the road to equitable access to diagnostics and therapeutics.
This report draws from experience gained through the Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator Diagnostics and Therapeutics pillars, and includes the perspectives of collaborating stakeholders (countries, civil society representatives and the private sector). Building on these findings, this report proposes sixteen recommended actions to address what have been identified as key structural challenges and specifies a potential owner for each action.
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