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2
Toolkit regarding Zika Virus
The protracted humanitarian situation in northeastern Nigeria, particularly in Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe (BAY) States, remains a concern due to ongoing insecurity, displacement, food insecurity, disease outbreaks, and climate-related shocks. To address these complex challenges, the health sector has
...
developed a comprehensive humanitarian response strategy aligned with the three States Development plans, Durable Solutions for the Population Displacement Plan, and the Humanitarian Need Response Plan for 2025. This strategy aims to reduce morbidity and mortality among crisisaffected populations by ensuring timely, equitable, and effective delivery of lifesaving health services, while strengthen the resilience of health system and enhancing local and national capacities for sustainable health response in protracted emergency.
Supported by an in-depth analysis of the ongoing health humanitarian response using the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) methodology, the strategy is guided by three key objectives:
1. Provide access to lifesaving interventions and sustain an effective response to the prolonged health emergency.
2. Prevent, mitigate, and prepare for health risks from all hazards and respond to all health emergencies.
3. Advance the primary health care approach and essential health system capacities for universal health coverage.
To achieve these objectives, the strategy employs the “Five C” framework which refers to:
• Collaborative Surveillance: Enhancing collaborative efforts for effective monitoring.
• Community Protection: Implementing community-based protection measures.
• Safe and Scalable Care: Ensuring care that is both secure and scalable.
• Access to Countermeasures: Facilitating access to necessary countermeasures.
• Emergency Coordination: Coordinating emergency responses efficiently.
These proactive approaches are designed to be more anticipatory and preemptive rather than reactive, aiming to meet the needs of the crisis-affected population by providing lifesaving interventions, enhancing preventive and anticipatory actions, and ensuring the resilience of the health system. All actions are guided by International Humanitarian Standards and the Humanitarian Principles.
The implementation of the health humanitarian response strategy will involve collaboration with local authorities, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and international organizations. The strategy emphasizes localization and resource mobilization, efficient logistics and supply chain management, mainstreaming protection, and the deployment and training of healthcare workers. Continuous monitoring and periodic evaluation will ensure the effectiveness of the response. Cross-sector collaboration with sectors such as WASH, Nutrition, Education, and Protection will be crucial to enhance the quality and reach of health interventions. Additionally, sustainability and transition approaches will ensure long-term health outcomes and benefits, bridging the gap from humanitarian to development efforts.
By adopting this comprehensive approach, the humanitarian response in northeastern Nigeria, particularly in BAY States, can be effectively guided, ultimately reducing the suffering of affected populations.
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Video
This video explores the impact of rapid urbanisation on the transmission of malaria, highlighting that, although the burden of malaria remains highest in rural areas, the majority of people in malaria-endemic countries will soon reside in urban areas. It explains how well-planned urbanisation can re
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duce malaria by improving access to healthcare and infrastructure, whereas rapid, unplanned urban growth may increase the risk, particularly among the urban poor.
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The “RRT Training Programme” (RRT TP) is a structured collection of learning resources including learning materials, guidance, and tools enabling Member States to plan, implement and evaluate customized training for RRT managers and RRT members at national and subnational levels. This programme
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has been designed based on the RRT Competency Framework
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Infographic
During the reporting period, significant progress was made in strengthening the mpox response across the continent. The lessons learned and challenges identified during the joint mpox continental intra-action review (IAR), which took place successfu
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lly in December 2024 in Addis Ababa have guided the development of the action plan for the response to the mpox epidemic in January and February 2025.
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Strengthening global health security to protect the world against future epidemics and pandemics requires well-tested and decentralized capacities for the local detection and rapid containment of outbreaks of infectious disease. For such capacities to translate into effective
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response actions, individuals and teams must be well connected and coordinated, despite differences in the size, geography, technical focus or constituency of their parent institution.
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The webpage “Health emergency readiness for response operations” on the OpenWHO platform presents an online learning course developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to introduce the concept of operational readiness for health emergency
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response. The training explains how governments, health authorities and partners can prepare systems, procedures, resources and coordination mechanisms so they are able to respond quickly and effectively to outbreaks, disasters or other public-health emergencies. It covers key elements such as risk assessment, preparedness planning, coordination between organizations and the Minimum Operational Readiness Standards used to strengthen emergency response capacities. Overall, the webpage aims to help health professionals and emergency responders understand how to build and improve operational readiness so that health systems can react efficiently when emergencies occur.
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The Outbreak Toolkit is specifically designed for epidemiologists and field investigators operating at the frontline of complex emergencies and in resource-limited settings. It provides a comprehensive, up-to-date toolkit for investigating both infectious disease outbreaks and non-infectious events
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and hazards. By offering standardized tools, the Toolkit addresses the critical need for data consistency and facilitates effective data sharing across teams, locations, and timeframes. It serves as an essential asset for public health professionals confronting the unique challenges of outbreak response in demanding environments.
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The webpage “Emergency Response Framework” on the OpenWHO platform provides learning materials that introduce the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Emergency Response Framework (ERF). The fram
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ework explains how WHO organizes and manages responses to public health emergencies, including how events are assessed, graded and coordinated at global, regional and country levels. The training content presents key concepts such as emergency management principles, the Incident Management System, coordination structures, and the roles and responsibilities of WHO staff and partners during health crises. Overall, the webpage aims to help health professionals and responders understand how WHO coordinates emergency operations and ensures a structured, timely and effective response to outbreaks and other health emergencies.
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Health security, vol. 18, Suppl.1. Finally, the lack of defined RRT standard operating procedures covering both nonemergency maintenance measures and the multistage emergency response processes required for RRT function can delay the RRT’s
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response time and effectiveness. These findings highlight the importance of planning to preemptively address these challenges to ensure rapid and effective response measures, ultimately strengthening global health security.
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Frontiers in Public Health, Vol.12 Nov 13;12:1455738. This review highlights RRML deployment procedures and addresses some critical challenges concerning their deployment. It suggests the provision of a pre-deployment logistics checklist, the use of a pre-determined standardized dataset for inputs t
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o reduce data entry errors and the application of standardized internal and external quality assurance measures.
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This guide is intended to assist
state, local, and tribal public health
professionals in the initiation of
response activities during the
first 24 hours of an emergency
or disaster. I
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t should be used in
conjunction with existing emergency
operations plans, procedures,
guidelines, resources, assets, and
incident management systems. It
is not a substitute for public health
emergency preparedness and
planning activities. The response to
any emergency or disaster must be
a coordinated community effort.
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Cholera Outbreak Response
recommended
The document provides comprehensive guidelines for managing cholera outbreaks, including detection, confirmation, response, treatment, and prevention. It emphasizes the importance of rehydration, water sanitation, hygiene promotion, and community mo
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bilization to limit the spread. This guide is designed for healthcare professionals and public authorities to ensure an effective and coordinated response.
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A Resource Book of Inclusive Practices
Guidelines for WHO Representatives and Country
Offices in the Western Pacific Region
Adapted from the 'Disability Task Force', this checklist provides useful guidelines about general protection and inclusion principles for people with disabilites or injuries in emergency situations. The following topics are highlighted: health, food and nutrition; water, sanitation and hygiene; prot
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ection; psychosocial support; reconstruction and shelter; livelihoods; and education. This checklist would be useful for practitioners interested in the protection and inclusion of people with disabilities in emergency situations
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