Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
40
Organización Mundial de la Salud OMS
36
UNICEF
32
World Health Organisation (WHO)
32
OPAS
25
Pan American Health Organization PAHO, World Health Organization WHO
25
World Health Organization (WHO)
25
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS
20
Reliefweb
20
Robert-Koch-Institut RKI
17
Pan American Health Organization PAHO
14
UN Children's Fund UNICEF
14
Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador
12
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India
12
UNAIDS
12
WHO
12
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ)
12
Government of India
11
IASC Reference Group on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings
11
Ministerio de Salud, Peru
11
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
11
OCHA Services
11
Ministerio de Salud Argentina
10
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social Bogotá, Colombia
10
OPS
10
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS
10
Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS)
10
Regional Office for Africa
10
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (Eвропейское)
10
Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Safeguarding Africa's Health)
9
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC
9
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC
9
Ministerio de sanidad - España
9
Ministerio de Salud El Salvador
8
World Health Organization (Europe)
8
Kamps, B.S.
7
World Health Organization (India)
7
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa
7
ВОЗ
7
IFRC
6
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC
6
OCHA
6
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
6
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), OPS
6
Africa CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
5
Health Emergencies Programme
5
Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC
5
International Organization for Migration IOM
5
Ministerio da Saude, Brasilia
5
Ministerio de Salud Chile
5
Ministério da Saúde, Brasil
5
Ministry of Health, Kenya
5
OPAS, OMS
5
World Health Organisation
5
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe
5
Всемирная Организация Здравоохранения
5
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC)
4
and C. Hoffmann
4
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
4
Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias
4
Centro de Coordinación de Alertasy Emergencias Sanitarias
4
et al
4
Feraud, H.
4
Global Handwashing Partnership
4
Ministerio da Saude Brasilia
4
Ministerio de Salud Bolivia
4
Ministerio de Salud Publica Paraguay
4
National Health Mission
4
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS)
4
Organización Panamericana de la Salud
4
USAID
4
World Health Organization
4
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office for Europe
4
World Health Organization WHO, et al.
4
Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации
4
Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention
3
African Union, Africa CDC
3
Bild und Sprache e.V.
3
Family Larsson
3
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO
3
Lifeology
3
MEDBOX
3
Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador
3
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde Brasil
3
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
3
Ministry of Health Singapore
3
OCCHA Services
3
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA
3
OMS
3
Organización Mundial de Saude and OPAS
3
R4V
3
Rosenquist Foundation (dedicated to human milk)
3
UNFPA
3
World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia
3
World Health Organsiation WHO
3
Всемирная Организация Здравоохранения - Европейское региональное бюро
3
AFEM African Federation For Emergency Medicine
2
AMREF
2
Apotheker ohne Grenzen und Brot für die Welt
2
ASLM
2
B.S. Kamps
2
Bennet, S.
2
BMJ
2
BMJ Global Health
2
C. Ferreira-Borges
2
Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis and Outbreak Response
2
Clínica Universitaria Psicología
2
Colegio Oficial de Psicología de Madrid
2
Department: Health Republic of South Africa
2
DIFÄM
2
Dr. J. Breda
2
E. Chiang
2
European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ECDC
2
F. P. Soruco Marc et al.
2
FHI 360
2
First Draft, Yale Insitute for Global Health
2
Flores Conde, F.
2
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
2
Gentilini U., M. Almenfi, I. Orton
2
Global Polio Eradication Initiative GPEI
2
Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HSE)
2
Hoffmann, C.
2
hpsc
2
International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC
2
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2
International SOS
2
Lancet Migration
2
M. Dara
2
Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Paraguay
2
Ministerio de Salud y Deportes Bolivia
2
Ministerio de Salud, Bogota, Colombia
2
Ministère de la Santé - Le Gouvernement Luxembourgeis
2
Ministério da Saúde, Brazil
2
Ministry of Health
2
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India
2
Ministry of Health, South Africa
2
National Centre for Disease Control (formerly National Institute of Communicable Diseases)
2
National Department of Health, South Africa
2
National Environment Agency (Safeguard-Nurture,Cherish)
2
Pan American Health Organization
2
Penal Reform International (PRI)
2
Sallam, M.
2
See text
2
Smithsonian Science Education Center
2
Smithsonian Science Education Center, et al.
2
The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action
2
The Alliance for Children Protection in Humanitarian Action
2
The Georg Institute for Global Health India
2
the Inter-Agency Standing Committee’s Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Reference Group
2
The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC
2
The Lancet
2
The Public Good Projects
2
UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR
2
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
2
Unidad de vigilancia de la Salud, Gobierno de la répubica de Honduras
2
Union Africaine
2
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA
2
United Nations Population Fund UNFPA
2
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
2
Vatican Press
2
World Health Organization WHO, IFRC
2
World Health Organization WHO, Western Pacific Region
2
Департамент здравоохранения города Москвы
2
1mg
1
A. dos Santos Filho, W. Marques, P. Dourado, et al.
1
A. Gheorghe
1
A. Pereira, B. do Valle Pinheiro et al.
1
A. Tandon et al.
1
Abela-Ridder, B.
1
Abir, T.
1
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1
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1
AFP Fact check
1
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1
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Center for Disease , African CDC
1
Aguilar-León, P et al.
1
akkon Hochschule für Humanwissenschaften
1
ALNAP
1
Alvarado R., Ramírez J. et al
1
Alves Dias, C.
1
AMECEA
1
Amnesty International
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amref Health Africa
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Anaya-Covarrubias, J.Y.
1
and C. Hanbury
1
and F. Morgado
1
and J. Garcia-Rosales Delgado
1
and S. Mauder
1
and S.J. Mason
1
Asberg, S.E.
1
Asberg. S.E.
1
ASEDP (Asociación Salvadoreña para el Estudio y Tratamiento del Dolor y Cuidados Paliativos)
1
Ashish KC, R. Gurung, M.V Kinney, et al.
1
B Watso, E.Togami et al.
1
B. Ezenwa
1
B. N. Ezenwa, I. B. Fajolu, O. R. Akinajo, et al.
1
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1
Bapoutou, B.
1
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1
Bender L.
1
Benítez M. A., Martín E. P. S. et al.
1
Berger, S.
1
Bham A., J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
Bham, A.
1
Biancovilli, p.
1
Bigoni, A.
1
Billion Lives
1
Bing Lin A. B., M.L Dietrich, R.A.Senior, et al.
1
Bio Med Central
1
BioNTech
1
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1
Bo Peng , Rowland W. Pettit, and Christopher I. Amos
1
Bolivia, Ministerio de Salud, Gobierno de Estado Plurinacional s
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
C. Hoffmann, A. Gualani Gualani
1
C. Hoffmann, et al.
1
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1
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1
Camp, R. and C. Hoffmann
1
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1
CARE
1
Carolina L.A. Barbieri, C. Carvalho de Souza Amorim Matos
1
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CDC
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, South Africa
1
Centro Africano de prevenção e luta contra doenças
1
Centros de controle e prevenção de doenças de Àfrica (África CDC)
1
CERAH
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
Coregroup
1
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1
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1
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1
Crane, M.
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
Dennis, C.
1
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1
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1
Desogus, A.
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE SALUD PÚBLICA, CALIDAD E INNOVACIÓN
1
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1
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1
Directorate General of Health Services (EMR Division)
1
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1
Dr. Anna-Maria von Rod
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EQUINET
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et Ondoua Biwole V.
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1
F. Hanga
1
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1
F. Zerbinato Bispo Velasco, de Oliveira Pedroza, G.G. et al.
1
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1
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1
Fajolu, I.
1
FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO
1
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1
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1
Ferres M., Potin M.
1
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1
Fida International. FAO, Pan American Health Organization PAHO, et al.
1
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1
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1
Fooks, A,
1
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1
Frase N. S.
1
Future Learn
1
FutureLearn
1
G, Zambrano, E Salgato, F. M. Moyano et al.
1
Garcia, P.J.
1
GAVI Alliance
1
Gavilanez Medina Patricia, Gualoto Lincango Blanca, Chamorro Obando Patricia et al
1
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1
Gideon
1
Gifford, L.
1
Gilman, R.T.
1
Global Asthma Network
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
Gustavo Corrêa, G.
1
H. Renna
1
Haldane, V., De Foo, C., Abdalla, S.M. et al.
1
Halloran A.
1
Hamid, H.
1
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1
Hanigan, I. et al.
1
Haute Conseil de la Santé Publique
1
Health Cluster
1
Health Cluster & Shelter Cluster Iraq
1
Health Cluster, WHO
1
health Department: Health Republic of South Africa
1
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1
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1
HelpAge
1
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1
Hesperian
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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ILO
1
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Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde
1
Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde e Ministério da Saúde
1
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe OSCE
1
Oxfam
1
P.M. Rodrigues de Souza, B. da Costa Thomé et al.
1
Padilla, M.
1
Paex I, Cederno J.R., Paredes Arce P. et al.
1
PAHO
1
Palacio, M.G.
1
PALIAMED (Fundación de Medicina Paliativa de El Salvador)
1
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO, et al.
1
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO, OPS
1
Paniz-Mondolfi, P.
1
Paul-Ehrlich-Institu PEI
1
Páez, L.S.
1
Pfizer
1
PGP, UNICEF, Yale Institute for Global Health
1
Pharm-Ed
1
Physicians for Human Rights
1
Plataforma Clínica Global da OMS para COVID-19
1
PNG
1
Polio Global Eradication Initiative
1
Primerdesign LTD
1
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences PNAS
1
Promotion Santé Suisse
1
Psycast
1
Psychosocial Centre
1
Public Health England
1
Publicación de las Naciones Unidas
1
Quirk, E.J.
1
R Loewenson
1
R. D. Blacutt Paniagua
1
R. D. Costa Benavides, V. C. Altamirano, A. L. Alvarado et al.
1
R.M. de Oliveira Costa et al.
1
Rahman-Shepherd, A.
1
Ramanathan, K.
1
Ray, K.K.
1
Refugees International
1
Regional Office for Africa, Government of Mauritius
1
Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterreanan
1
Reijer, P.
1
Republic of India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
1
Republic of Kenya Ministry of Health
1
Republic of South Africa
1
Resende, M. B.
1
Reusken C. B. E. M., E. K. Broberg, B. Haagmans et al.
1
Rev Panam de Salud Pública
1
Revista Cientifica FMC
1
Revista Latinoamericana de Desarrollo Económico
1
Rhodes, T.
1
Ricardo Heinzelmann, Rogerio Luz Coelho Neto et al.
1
Robert Koch Institut (RKI)
1
Robert Koch Institut RKI
1
Roca de Sangüeza, M.A.
1
Roos N.
1
Rosylane Nascimento das Mercês, Rocha Francisco Cortes Fernandes, Josierton Cruz Bezerra
1
Routledge
1
Royal Australian College of General Practitioner
1
Rudasa
1
Ruge
1
Rupp, N.
1
Rupprecht, C.
1
Rüppel, T.
1
Ryan, R.E.
1
S. Brünink
1
S. Buda
1
S. Ladhani
1
S. Lazzari and G. Kiesner
1
S. Lees et al.
1
S. Mahroof-Shaffi, C. Harkensee, A.T Chamberlain
1
S. Novoa, B. Nieto et al.
1
S.E. Asberg and E. Chiang
1
Sachs, J., Karim, S., Aknin, L. et al.
1
Sagan, A.
1
Saiful Islam M. , Mizanur Rahman K., Sun Y., et al.
1
salud
1
Salud Madrid
1
Salud mental perinatal
1
Salvi, S.S.
1
San Pedro Francisco
1
Santé publique France
1
Santo Padre Francisco
1
Santos-D'Amorim K, Fernandes de Oliveira Mirand MK
1
Satomi, E.
1
Saúde mental, relações raciais e Covid - 19
1
Save the Children
1
Sánchez Báez E.A., Diego D. et al.
1
Schäferhoff M. et al.
1
Schmidt-Sane M.
1
Secretaria de Atencao Primaria Saude (SAPS)
1
Secretaria Extraordinária de Enfrentamento à COVID-19, Brasil
1
Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro
1
Secretaría General de la Organización de los Estados Americanos
1
SEGO, SAC Ecuador
1
Segvia, E. V. L. et al.
1
Selon l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
1
Servicio de Infectología Clínica–Instituto de Medicina Tropical
1
Servizio Sanitario Regionale Emilia-Romagna
1
Série Informação para ação na Covid-19 | Fiocruz
1
Séverin, T. et al.
1
Siriam, A.
1
Sisters Doctor Forum of India, et al.
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action
1
Sociedad Boliviana de Medicina Crítica y Terapia Intensiva
1
Sociedad Boliviana de Medicina Crítica y Terapia Intensiva/ Ministerio de Salud Bolivia
1
Sociedad Boliviana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
1
Sociedad ecuatoriana de geriatria y gerontologia
1
Sociedad Paraguaya de Infectologia (SPI)
1
Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade
1
Societé francaise d'anesthésie et de réanimation SFAR
1
South African Government
1
South Sudan Medical Journal
1
Souza, P.C.A.
1
Sphere - Standards
1
SPI
1
Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH
1
SSHAP
1
SSOAR
1
Standford University
1
Stein F, Perry M, Banda G, et al.
1
Stop TB Partnership
1
Stop the Spread
1
SUBPAV, SMS-Rio
1
Subsecretaria de Saúde Gerência de Informações Estratégicas em Saúde CONECTA-SUS
1
Swiss Peace Foundation
1
System Socio Sanitario Regione Lombardia ATS Milano Città Metropolitana
1
T. Bleicker
1
T. Fernández Dávil, P. A. Hidalgo Andrade, F. G. Torres Toala et al.
1
Tegally, H.
1
Temgoua, M.N.
1
The Alliance for Child Protection in humanitarian action
1
The Alliance for Chilfren Protection in Humanitarian Action
1
The Center For Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy CDDEP
1
The Chatham House
1
The Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)
1
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)
1
The Global Health Network
1
The Independent Panel
1
The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
1
The Lancet Commissions
1
The Lancet Editorial
1
The Lancet, Planetary Health
1
The National Child Traumatic Stress Network
1
The Partnership Center
1
The Republic of Malawi
1
The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR)
1
The World Bank
1
Thomson, M.C.
1
Tribuna del Investigador
1
Turco, J.V. et al.
1
U.S. Government
1
UGT
1
UK Health Security Agency
1
UN Children's Fund
1
UN Country Team in Bolivia
1
UN Country Team in Colombia
1
UN Country Team in Honduras, UN Office for the Coordination of Human Affairs
1
UN Country Team in Papua New Guinea
1
UN Development Programme UNDP
1
UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
1
UN Environment
1
UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction UNDRR
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA
A elaboração das Diretrizes para Diagnóstico e Tratamento da COVID-19 é uma resposta rápida ao enfrentamento da COVID-19, diante da declaração de pandemia pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e das iniciativas do Ministério da Saúde para enfrentamento dessa nova situação no Brasil. ...
A intensa produção de evidência sobre o assunto nos últimos meses faz destas Diretrizes um documento dinâmico que terá versões provisórias e atualizações periódicas, acompanhando a produção de novas evidências para assim estabelecer recomendações.more
O Ministério da Saúde atualiza o Diagnosticar para Cuidar com o PLANO NACIONAL DE EXPANSÃO DA TESTAGEM PARA COVID-19 (PNE-Teste) que tem a finalidade de expandir o diagnóstico da covid-19 por meio do teste rápido de antígeno (TR-AG), para uso em indivíduos sintomáticos e assintomáticos, par...a monitorar a situação epidemiológica e direcionar os esforços desta Pasta ministerial na contenção da pandemia no território nacional.more
Manual for Death Surveillance in the Context of Pediatric Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome (SIM-P) Associated with Covid-19. Publication updated on 24/09/2021
O Informe Semanal de Evidências sobre Variantes de Atenção do SARS-CoV-2 é uma produção organizada pelo Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia da Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Insumos Estratégicos em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde (DECIT/SCTIE/MS). O documento tem o objetiv...o de acompanhar e relatar as mais recentes evidências descritas em publicações científicas e
na literatura cinzenta sobre as principais variantes de SARS-CoV-2 circulantes no Brasil e no mundo, bem como as implicações destas para a saúde. Para tanto, são realizadas buscas estruturadas em bases de dados de indexação de periódicos científicos revisados pelos pares, de artigos no formato pré-print e de literatura cinzenta. Este informe tem caráter unicamente informativo e não representa
uma recomendação oficial do MS sobre a temática. Os trechos destacados em itálico no corpo do texto consistem em novas informações publicadas no período de 11 a 17 de outubro de 2021. Os demais trechos são referentes a informações já fornecidas em Informes anteriores.more
The results of the report clearly show that in 2020, a year dominated by the emergence of COVID-19 and its associated health and economic crises, governments around the world rose to the challenge. Sharp increases in government spending on health at all country income levels underpinned the rise in ...health spending to a new high of US $9 trillion (approximately 11% of global GDP). Government health spending generally increased and offset declines in out-of-pocket spending. Importantly, the rise in government health spending was part of a much broader fiscal response to the pandemic. In high income and upper-middle income countries social protection spending also increased sharply in as governments attempted to cushion populations from the economic impacts of COVID-19. In contrast to health and social protection, growth in education spending was relatively subdued. Countries face the further challenge of sustaining increased public spending on health and other social sectors in the face of deteriorating macroeconomic conditions and rising debt servicing. This also includes the challenge of sustaining external support for low income countries, which is essential for reducing ensuring poverty, ensuring access to health services and strengthening pandemic preparedness.more
A aplicação da tecnologia digital de saúde está crescendo rapidamente na África, com o
objetivo de melhorar a prestação de serviços de saúde e alcançar de forma mais eficaz
comunidades remotas e carentes. A falta de diretrizes e padrões habilitadores em todo o
continente, por outro ...lado, dificulta o compartilhamento de dados de forma significativa em
todo o continente. Considerando isso, os Centros Africanos de Controle e Prevenção de
Doenças (CDC África) estabeleceram uma força-tarefa de 24 membros para fornecer
experiência e orientação no desenvolvimento de diretrizes e padrões da AU HIE. Os membros
da força-tarefa eram especialistas no assunto que trabalhavam na África e
internacionalmente na coleta, análise e troca de informações de saúde. Alguns desses
especialistas estiveram envolvidos em consultas anteriores sobre a definição da estratégia de
sistemas de informação de saúde do CDC África. Um presidente, copresidente e secretário
foram eleitos para envolver os membros da força-tarefa em diferentes grupos de trabalho
técnicos.more
Annual and medium-term budget preparation processes are the platforms through which specific plans are transformed into actual resource allocation decisions. The aim of this Process Guide is to support key stakeholders involved in these processes (such as the Cabinet, Ministries of Finance and Healt...h, the Parliament, citizens, media, and civil society organizations) to reorient budgetary arrangements in order to facilitate the ability of national governments to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic by delivering, therapeutics, diagnostics, and vaccine services to their populations. Reorienting budgetary arrangements positions governments to sustain the capacity to mitigate and respond to COVID-19 while concurrently delivering other essential health services and working towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The reorientation process is an opportunity to better align budgetary arrangements to sustain systemic capacity to prevent emerging health threats over the short, medium, and long terms.more
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a double shock - health and economic. As of March 1, 2021, COVID-19 has cost more than 2.5 million lives and triggered an economic recession surpassing any economic downturn since World War II.
Part I of this paper explores the impact of this current macro-fisc...al outlook on the three primary sources of health spending. Drawing on experiences from previous economic crises, scenario analyses suggest a fall in government per capita spending on health in 2021 and 2022 unless governments make bold choices to increase the share of health in general government spending.
Part II of the paper discusses policy options to meet the spending needs in health. These options encompass strategies to make fiscal adjustments work and channel funds where they are most needed, as well as policies to stabilize the balance sheets of social health insurance (SHI) schemes. The paper explains how the health sector can play an active role in expanding fiscal space, contributing to tax reforms, most importantly pro-health taxes, and mobilizing and absorbing external financing, including debt relief.more
There has been no systematic comparison of how the policy response to past infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics was funded. This study aims to collate and analyse funding for the Ebola epidemic and Zika outbreak between 2014 and 2019 in order to understand the shortcomings in funding reporting... and suggest improvements. Methods: Data were collected via a literature review and analysis of financial reporting databases, including both amounts donated and received. Funding information from three financial databases was analysed: Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation’s Development Assistance for Health database, the Georgetown Infectious Disease Atlas and the United Nations Financial Tracking Service. A systematic literature search strategy was devised and applied to seven databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, HMIC, Global Health, Scopus, Web of Science and EconLit. Funding information was extracted from articles meeting the eligibility criteria and measures were taken to avoid double counting. Funding was collated, then amounts and purposes were compared within, and between, data sources.more
The Global Appeal provides updated information for government, private donors, partners and other readers interested in UNHCR's priorities and budgeted activities for 2021 to protect and improve the lives of tens of millions of people of concern (refugees, internally displaced people, stateless pers...ons and others)more
Diabetes mellitus, also called diabetes, is a chronic metabolic condition in which the hormone insulin is not produced by the
pancreas in sufficient quantities or is not utilized effectively by the body to control blood glucose levels. As a result, blood
glucose levels are abnormally high (hypergl...ycaemia). Chronic uncontrolled hyperglycemia leads to long-term target organ damage, such as: retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy (microvascular complications); stroke, coronary heart disease
and peripheral arterial disease (macrovascular complications).more
A erradicação da varíola humana (mpox em inglês) foi certificada em 1980. A varíola símia (mpox em inglês) é endêmica nos países da África Central e Ocidental desde a sua primeira detecção, em 1958. Trata-se de uma zoonose cujos casos geralmente ocorrem perto de florestas tropicais, ond...e diversos animais são portadores do ortopoxvírus causador da doença. A maioria das infecções em seres humanos pelo vírus da varíola símia em países onde a doença é endêmica é resultado de transmissão primária de animais para humanos. A transmissão de pessoa a pessoa pode ocorrer por meio de contato próximo com secreções respiratórias ou lesões cutâneas de uma pessoa infectada ou com objetos recém-contaminados. A transmissão também pode ocorrer através da placenta da mãe para o feto ou por contato direto durante ou após o parto. Até 21 de maio de 2022, 12 países onde não há varíola símia endêmica, em 2 regiões da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), haviam notificado 92 casos confirmados da doença. Até 26 de agosto de 2022, 96 países sem endemicidade, de todas as 6 regiões da OMS, haviam notificado 45.198 casos confirmados de varíola símia, incluindo 6 óbitos. No mesmo período, os países onde a doença é endêmica notificaram 350 casos confirmados e 6 óbitos. Na Região das Américas, 29 países e territórios notificaram 23.479 (48%) casos confirmados e 3 óbitos. Diversos estudos observacionais sobre as vacinas de primeira geração demonstraram que a eficácia da vacinação contra a varíola humana na prevenção da varíola símia é de aproximadamente 85%. Atualmente, as vacinas originais (de primeira geração) contra a varíola humana não estão mais disponíveis.more
The Global Asthma Report (GAR) 2022, prepared by the Global Asthma Network (GAN), is the fourth such report (others 2011, 2014, 2018). GAN builds upon the work of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) and The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (T...he Union) to monitor asthma and improve asthma care, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).more