La variole du singe est une maladie infectieuse émergente causée par un virus transmis par des animaux infectés, le plus souvent des rongeurs. Elle peut ensuite se propager d’une personne à l’autre, mais la transmission de personne à personne ne peut à elle seule entretenir une éclosion. ...La présentation clinique est semblable à celle observée chez les patients atteints autrefois de la variole, mais moins grave. La variole a été éradiquée dans le monde entier en 1980. Cependant, la variole du singe est encore présente sporadiquement dans des régions d'Afrique centrale et occidentale, près des forêts tropicales humides. De manière générale, le taux de létalité dans les épidémies de variole du singe est de 1 à 10 %, mais avec des soins appropriés, la plupart des patients se rétablissent.
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Du 09 janvier au 08 avril 2024, le Congo a confirmé 19 cas de Mpox dans 04 départements, à savoir : 14 cas dans la Cuvette, 02 cas dans la Likouala, 02 cas dans les Plateaux et 01 cas à Pointe-Noire. Au regard de cette situation, le Gouvernement de la République, via le Ministère de la Santé ...et de la Population, a déclaré, en date du 23 avril 2024, l’épidémie de Mpox conduisant à l’activation du COUSP1 en date du 03 mai 2024 avec la mise en place du Système de Gestion d’Incident (SGI) assorti de toutes ses fonctions essentielles et élargies sous l’approche « Une Seule Santé ». A la 39ème semaine épidémiologique, 1 nouveau cas a été confirmé par le LNSP2 dans le département de Brazzaville, DS de Madibou, dans l’aire de santé de Mansimou, donnant un total de 22 cas confirmés.
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Abstract: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic psychological disorder that can develop after exposure to a traumatic event. This review summarizes the literature on the epidemiology, assessment, and treatment of PTSD. We provide a review of the characteristics of PTSD along with associa...ted risk factors, and describe brief, evidence-based measures that can be used to screen for PTSD and monitor symptom changes over time. In regard to treatment, we highlight commonly used, evidence-based psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies for PTSD. Among psychotherapeutic approaches, evidence-based approaches include cognitive-behavioral therapies (e.g., Prolonged Exposure and Cognitive Processing Therapy) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. A wide variety of pharmacotherapies have received some level of research support for PTSD symptom alleviation, although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have the largest evidence base to date.
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This technical report presents the epidemiology of human and animal leishmaniases in the EU and its neighbouring countries and concludes that the disease remains widespread and underreported in many countries of southern Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East and that there is a need to improv...e leishmaniasis prevention and control based on robust surveillance in humans, animals, and vectors, and to increase public awareness following a one health approach.
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DHS Further Analysis Reports No. 111
This study is a theory-driven analysis of the socio-demographic determinants of maternal care seeking in Kenya. Specifically, it examines predisposing, enabling, and need factors potentially associated with use of antenatal care (ANC), health facility delive...ry, and timely postnatal care (PNC).
This study uses data from the 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) conducted among women age 15-49 with a live birth in the five years preceding the survey. It includes data from all 47 counties of Kenya, grouped contiguously into 12 regions. We apply Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use to examine socio-demographic predictors of health service use. We estimate logistic regression models for adequate use of ANC (defined as attending at least four ANC visits, starting in the first three months of pregnancy), delivery in a health facility, and PNC within 48 hours of delivery.
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Cases of human monkeypox are rarely seen outside of west and central Africa. There are few data regarding viral kinetics or the duration of viral shedding and no licensed treatments. Two oral drugs, brincidofovir and tecovirimat, have been approved for treatment of smallpox and have demonstrated eff...icacy against monkeypox in animals. Our aim was to describe the longitudinal clinical course of monkeypox in a high-income setting, coupled with viral dynamics, and any adverse events related to novel antiviral therapies.
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La filariose lymphatique, communément appelée éléphantiasis, est une maladie tropicale négligée. L’infection se produit lorsque les parasites filaires responsables de la maladie sont transmis à l’homme par des moustiques. Généralement contractée dans l’enfance, cette infection provoq...ue une altération non apparente du système lymphatique.
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Since December 2010, Malaria Consortium has been implementing an innovative approach to community management of severe acute malnutrition, together with an existing integrated community case management (ICCM) programme in South Sudan. This learning paper considers Malaria Consortiums experience of t...his combined approach in a highly complex context and shows whether the management of severe acute malnutrition is an effective, acceptable and feasible component of ICCM programming
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Resilience has rapidly become one of the most prominent objectives for the development sector, so ascertaining how best to measure it is an essential task for practioners working in monitoring and evaluation. In this discussion paper, the main insights emerging from the series of large-N Effectivene...ss Reviews, a set of quantitative studies that aim to evaluate impact and generate learning from a random sample of Oxfam’s projects are outlined. It is also considered how this measurement approach may adapt as ideas about resilience change both within Oxfam and in the development sector at large
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Au cours des dix dernières années, les ONG humanitaires ont fait de plus en plus fréquemment appel aux Entreprises de sécurité privées (ESP). On observe l’existence d’un écart entre la manière dont les ONG utilisent les ESP dans la réalité et la régulation d’une telle relation. Ces ...orientations ont pour objet d’aider les ONG humanitaires à prendre une décision en connaissance de cause sur quand, comment et dans quelles conditions, recourir aux services d’une ESP. Ces orientations sont destinées aux responsables opérationnels des ONG au niveau du siège et du terrain. Ces orientations ne couvrent pas uniquement des activités de surveillance ou de protection armées, mais peuvent être appliquées à une gamme plus étendue de services assurés par les ESP.
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Operational Guidelines for the national and district health workers & planners.
These new approaches include use of selective chemotherapy, Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), Zinc for treatment of cholera in children and complementary use of OCV
Ce Manuel est destiné aux jeunes médecins, aux paramédicaux et aux étudiants qui sollicitent régulièrement la consultation d’un ouvrage pratique pouvant les orienter lors de leurs débuts en réanimation. Ce Manuel ne veut être ni un livre de référence exhaustif, ni un livret de recettes.... Il veut combiner des bases physiopathologiques simples à des recommandations
pratiques utiles en pratique courante. Les informations doivent souvent être complétées par d’autres sources. Cet ouvrage sera parfois trop en « franglais » aux yeux de certains. Il n’y a en tout cas aucun effort à trouver la traduction française de sigles et même de mots qui sont largement utilisés dans la littérature, et ainsi passés dans un langage que je qualifierai
d’international. J’espère que ce livre sera utile. Cette cinquième édition a permis certaines améliorations, largement dues aux remarques et critiques, qui sont toujours très appréciées.
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This Code of Conduct seeks to guard our standards of behaviour. It is not about operational details, such as how one should calculate food rations or set up a refugee camp. Rather, it seeks to maintain the high standards of independence, effectiveness and impact to which disaster response NGOs and t...he International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement aspires. It is a voluntary code, enforced by the will of the organisation accepting it to maintain the standards laid down in the Code. In the event of armed conflict, the present Code of Conduct will be interpreted and applied in conformity with international humanitarian law. The Code of Conduct is presented
first. Attached to it are three annexes, describing the working environment that we would like to see created by Host Governments, Donor Governments and Inter-Governmental Organisations in order to facilitate the effective delivery of humanitarian assistance.
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Information on 102 commonly used medicinal plants in the South Pacific WHO regional publications. Western Pacific series ; Plants from this part of the world represent an especially diverse flora and include several species currently undergoing scientific investigation. Common traditional uses inclu...de the treatment of minor injuries, childhood ailments, and complications of pregnancy. Plants described in the book are also used as emetics and as ointments and dressings applied to surface wounds or used to treat skin problems.
Addressed to ethnobotanists, phytochemists, and pharmacologists, the book aims to document traditional clinical uses and bring these to the attention of the international scientific community, while also preserving knowledge about the distinctive indigenous practices in these island communities. Full-colour photographs are included to facilitate identification of plants and plant parts used for medicinal purposes. Each plant is described according to a common format, which includes information on scientific name, local names, English name, a description of the plant and its habitat and distribution, and a summary of what is known about its chemical constituents, biological activity, and traditional uses.
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This document sets out Rwanda's Maternal, Neonatal Child Health (MNCH) national strategy (July 2013- June 2018). The MNCH strategy provides a framework for addressing maternal, neonatal and child health challenges currently facing Rwanda. It is an overarching strategy for scale up of the national re...sponse to reduce the current levels of maternal, neonatal and child mortality and morbidity in line with the
MDG health related targets and HSSP III targets. The life cycle approach and continuum of care concept, starting with care from the home environment to health facility, guided the development of this roadmap. It aims also to maintain and expand the coverage of cost effective and high impact interventions for maternal, neonatal and child survival in order to achieve national and international targets.
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The national mental health policy was introduced in 1995 and has allowed political decision-makers and other actors in society to identify anchor points to initiate a mental health practice adapted to the context and that is close to the community. Today, that policy needs to be revised to meet the ...evolution of the context and adequately respond to the challenges of mental health within the Rwandan community. The mental health program is ensured today by the Mental Health Division on behalf of the health ministry. Its priority mission is to coordinate initiatives in that sector, ensuring the implementation of national policy in mental health as adopted by appropriate authority. This revision of the National Mental Health Policy has the objective to: Promote quality mental health care that aims at reducing morbidity in mental health, appropriate to the context and is accessible to the community.
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Dans la présente étude, le Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l’homme expose les normes relatives à l’égalité et à la non discrimination à l’égard des personnes handicapées à la lumière de l’article 5 de la Convention relative aux droits des personnes handicapées. ...Il formule des orientations pour l’application de l’article 5 de la Convention, présente les bonnes pratiques recensées et émet des recommandations.
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Le présent document énonce la première stratégie mondiale du secteur de la santé contre l’hépatite virale, une stratégie qui contribue à la réalisation du Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030.
Elle couvre les six premières années du plan d’action pour la santé... de l’après-2015, c’est-à-dire la période 2016-2021, en s’appuyant sur le document Prévention et lutte contre l’hépatite virale : cadre pour l’action mondiale et sur deux résolutions relatives à l’hépatite virale adoptées par l’Assemblée mondiale de la Santé en 2010 et en 2014.
Cette stratégie porte sur les cinq virus de l’hépatite (les hépatites A, B, C, D et E), en mettant plus spécialement l’accent sur les hépatites B et C en raison de la lourde charge relative qu’elles représentent pour la santé publique.
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These guidelines are applicable to all biomedical, social and behavioural science research for health conducted in India involving human participants, their biological material and data.
The purpose of such research should be: i. directed towards enhancing knowledge about the human condition while ...maintaining sensitivity to the Indian cultural, social and natural environment; ii. conducted under conditions such that no person or persons become mere means for the betterment of others and that human beings who are participating in any biomedical and/or health research or scientific experimentation are dealt with in a manner conducive to and consistent with their dignity and well-being, under conditions of professional fair treatment and transparency; and iii. subjected to a regime of evaluation at all stages of the research, such as design, conduct and reporting of the results thereof.
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Overview
Learning objectives
• Promote respect and dignity for children and adolescents with mental and behavioural
disorders.
• Know common presentations of children and adolescents with mental and behavioural
disorders.
• Know assessment principles of child and adolescents with mental ...and behavioural
disorders.
• Know management principles of child and adolescents with mental and behavioural
disorders.
• Use effective communication skills in interactions with children and adolescents with
mental and behavioural disorders.
• Perform an assessment for children and adolescents with mental and behavioural
disorders.
• Assess and manage physical conditions of children with mental and behavioural
disorders.
• Provide psychosocial interventions to children and adolescents with mental and
behavioural disorders and their carers.
• Deliver pharmacological interventions as needed and appropriate to children and
adolescents with mental and behavioural disorders.
• Plan and perform follow-up for children and adolescents with mental and behavioural
disorders.
• Refer to specialists and link children and adolescents with mental and behavioural
disorders with outside agencies where available.
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