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Air Pollution and Your Health

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (2024) CC

Air pollution is a familiar environmental health hazard. We know what we’re looking at when brown haze settles over a city, exhaust billows across a busy highway, or a plume rises from a smokestack. Some air pollution is not seen, but its pungent smell alerts you.

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Clean Air for Health

Health and Environment Alliance (2023) CC

Air pollution is the top environmental threat to health in Europe. It leads to hundreds of thousands premature deaths per year and billions of Euros in health costs.

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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury

World Health Organization (WHO) (2022) C_WHO

In the spirit of the Sustainable Development Goals, WHO and the International Labour Organization (ILO) produce the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates). The WHO/ILO Joint Estimates quantify the population exposed to occupational risk fac... more

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Human Development Report 2020. The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene

UN Development Programme UNDP (2020) CC

Overview. The COVID-19 pandemic is the latest crisis facing the world, but unless humans release their grip on nature, it won’t be the last, according to a new report by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), which includes a new experimental index on human progress that takes into acco... more

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Model disability survey (MDS): survey manual

World Health Organization (WHO) & The World Bank (WB) WHO (2017) CC

The World Health Organization's Model Disability Survey (MDS) Manual is a tool to help implement the MDS in countries and to improve the quality of the interview process. This manual is intended to provide practical information about the survey instruments and their use during interviews. This manua... more

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Model disability survey (Brief Version)

World Health Organization (WHO) & The World Bank (WB) WHO (2018) C_WHO

Accessed online July 2018

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Household Air Pollution

PAHO - Pan American Health Organization (2018) C_WHO

A collection of 8 infographics on Household Air Pollution.

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Namibia: Country profile of Environmental Burden of Disease

World Health Organization (WHO) (2009) C_WHO

Public Health and the Environment

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A conceptual framework for the environmental surveillance of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance

Patricia M.C. Huijbers, Carl-Fredrik Flach, D.G. Joakim Larsson Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg (2019) C2

The systematic surveillance of antibiotic use and antibiotic re-sistance prevalence in humans and animals is imperative for managingbacterial infectious disease (JPIAMR, 2019;WHO, 2015). Many low-income countries currently face substantial challenges in building national surveillance systems due to ... more

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The role of Environmental and Spiritual Ethics in Galvanizing Nature Based Solutions

UN Environment Programme (2020) CC

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Risk factors of Cholera mortality

Global Task Force On Cholera Control (GTFCC) (2022) CC

To better adapt current case management practices and address excess mortality in otherwise treatable cases will require better knowledge of the demographic characteristics of the patients and comorbidities which can make severe dehydration harder to tolerate physiologically. With this in mind, a ... more

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Lesotho: Country profile of Environmental Burden of Disease

World Health Organization (WHO) (2009) C_WHO

Public Health and the Environment | Geneva 2009

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Framework for Environmental and Social Management

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2023) CC

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) launched a new Framework for Environmental and Social Management (FESM) to ensure that both people and the environment are protected from any potential impacts of FAO programmes and projects. “This Framework ensures that our proj... more

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Contextual factors around the sexual abuse of people with disabilities in East Africa

Mary-Ann Waddell & Rob Aley Advantage Africa, FIRAH, Resource Center Applied Research and Disability (2015) C2

Knowledge based upon a descriptive literature review of applied research

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Preventing disease through healthy environments: a global assessment of the burden of disease from environmental risks

Prüss-Ustün, A.; J. Wolf, C. Corvalán, et al. World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

The main message emerging from this new comprehensive global assessment is that premature death and disease can be prevented through healthier environments – and to a significant degree. Analysing the latest data on the environment-disease nexus and the devastating impact of environmental hazards ... more

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Indonesia Environmental Service Program (ESP) Evaluation

USAID (2017) C1

WASH Ex-Post Evaluation Series - Water Communications and Knowledge Management (CKM) Project
This evaluation examines the sustainability of selected components of the USAID/Indonesia Environmental Services Program (ESP), which was implemented from 2004–2010. Among other objectives, this activ... more

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Factors for Success - Mental Health Advocacy in Sierra Leone

Hann, K., Pearson, H., Campbell, D., et al. CBM (2015)

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Best practices for environmental health

Koren, H. Routledge (2017) CC

Environmental pollution, protection, quality and sustainability

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Learning from practice: case studies of health in strategic environmental assessment and environmental impact assessment across the WHO European Region

World Health Organization WHO World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Health is routinely considered in strategic environmental assessment (‎SEA)‎ and environmental impact assessment (‎EIA)‎, following requirements of European Union directives and the Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment to the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Trans... more