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1
he National Department of Health (NDOH) presents this Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan 2019-2023 for the Republic of South Africa. The strategy comes at an important time as the Southern African Development Community (SADC) heads of state have recently renewed the commitment to eliminate malari ... more
The "National Guideline for Cholera Surveillance and Outbreak Response" by the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI) provides a comprehensive approach to combating cholera outbreaks in Ethiopia. It emphasizes the importance of a multisectoral approach, including case management, WASH measures, an ... more
The "Regional Action Plan 2017–2030: Towards a Malaria-Free South-East Asia Region" by the World Health Organization (WHO) outlines a strategic framework to eliminate malaria in the 11 countries of the WHO South-East Asia Region by 2030. It focuses on reducing transmission, particularly of Plasmod ... more
New data from the WHO reveal that an estimated 2.2 billion cases of malaria and 12.7 million deaths have been averted since 2000, but the disease remains a serious global health threat, particularly in the WHO African Region. According to WHO’s latest World malaria report, there were an estimated ... more
Tax capacity—the policy, institutional, and technical capabilities to collect tax revenue—is part of a deeper process of state building that is essential for achieving the sustainable development goals. This Staff Discussion Note shows that developing countries have made some progress in revenue ... more
To meet our Strategy objectives and get within reach of the 2030 SDG 3 target related to the three diseases, the Global Fund needs to raise US$18 billion for the Eighth Replenishment. That sum is essential to drive the required pace of progress in the fight against HIV, TB and malaria, and to m ... more
Pour atteindre les objectifs de sa stratégie et se rapprocher de la cible de l’ODD 3 liée aux trois maladies à l’horizon 2030, le Fonds mondial doit réunir 18 milliards de dollars US pour sa huitième reconstitution des ressources. Cette somme est le minimum requis pour faire progresser ... more
Damit wir die Meilensteine der Strategie des Globalen Fonds für 2028 einhalten können und SDG 3 für uns weiter erreichbar bleibt, benötigen wir 18 Milliarden US-Dollar, um die nächste dreijährige Förderperiode des Globalen Fonds finanzieren zu können.
Si queremos cumplir los hitos de la Estrategia del Fondo Mundial para 2028 y mantener a nuestro alcance la meta del ODS 3, necesitamos recaudar 18.000 millones USD para financiar el próximo ciclo de subvenciones trienal del Fondo Mundial.
The Global Health Expenditure Report delves into the intricate landscape of global economies and health systems. This year, it focuses on health spending in 2022, the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic. It shows how countries around the world responded to the health and economic shocks of the pande ... more
The role of evidence in the journey towards universal health coverage is paramount. Financial risk protection monitoring, the major focus of this report, informs where the WHO African Region stands in reducing the financial hardship people face due to health expenses. This report details the status ... more
This paper was commissioned by N´weti and Wemos as part of the project “Equitable health financing for a strong health system in Mozambique”. Its purpose is to contribute to the debate of the Mozambican Ministry of Health’s draft Health Sector Financing Strategy (HSFS) 2025 – 2034
Insufficient funding is hindering the achievement of malaria elimination targets in Africa, despite the pressing need for increased investment in malaria control. While Western donors attribute their inaction to financial constraints, the global health community has limited knowledge of China’s ex ... more
Over the past decade, countries in the African region experienced slow progress in mobilizing resources for health while facing continued challenges. In their revised estimates published in 2017, Stenberg et al., developed two costs scenarios, termed progress and ambitious, aimed at strengthening co ... more
One approach to development assistance for health, or health aid, emphasizes the ex ante selection of cost-effective health interventions, an approach that began with the World Development Report (1993) on Investing in Health and has since been adopted by the Effective Altruism community. But just h ... more
The relative priority received by issues in global health agendas is subjected to impressionistic claims in the absence of objective methods of assessment of priority. To build an approach for conducting structured assessments of comparative priority health issues receive, we expand the public ... more

Banking on health: the surging pandemic of health financialization

Dentico N. Society for International Development (SID) (2023) CC
In the last three decades, health financialization has surged in several creative ways, yet this growing phenomenon remains surprisingly unknown, and neglected, in the global health arena. Financialization in the health domain could be described as the uncontrolled expansion of finance along vari ... more
Rising levels of inflation, debt and macrofiscal tightening are putting expenditures on the social sectors including health under immense scrutiny. Already, there are worrying signs of reductions in social sector investments. However, even before the pandemic, evidence showed the significant returns ... more
Each year since 2007, G-FINDER has provided policy-makers, donors, researchers and industry with a comprehensive analysis of global investment into research and development of new products to prevent, diagnose, control or cure neglected diseases in low- and middle-income countries, making it the go ... more
Development finance is at a turning point, as the macroeconomic environment has changed profoundly and the financing gap for low- and middle-income countries has widened. The events that led to this new situation are the multiple crises that the global economy is facing, such as the climate crisis, ... more