For emergency relief staff
Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium V.
cholerae. It has a short incubation period of a few hours to 5 days. It is endemic in some countries, frequently
showing seasonal variations in the number of reported cases. Cholera a...lso has the potential to cause explosive
outbreaks which may be localized or may expand to large geographic areas
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Using an ensemble of climate models and socioeconomic scenarios, WRI scored and ranked future water stress—a measure of competition and depletion of surface water—in 167 countries by 2020, 2030, and 2040. We found that 33 countries face extremely high water stress in 2040 (see the full list). We... also found that Chile, Estonia, Namibia, and Botswana could face an especially significant increase in water stress by 2040. This means that businesses, farms, and communities in these countries in particular may be more vulnerable to scarcity than they are today.
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WHO recommends that pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) be offered as an additional prevention choice for HIV-negative individuals at substantial risk of HIV infection as part of combination prevention approaches.
HIV drug resistance has been rarely reported among PrEP users who tested HIV positive i...n randomized controlled trials or open-label studies. However, PrEP-selected HIV drug resistance could potentially negatively impact the effectiveness of treatment options among PrEP users who acquire HIV, since there is a potential for overlapping resistance profiles between antiretroviral drugs used for both PrEP and first-line antiretroviral therapy.
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Working Document - Updated -February 2009
The messages should be used to inform, educate and engage different audience groups depending on their level of risk, vulnerability, presence in contact areas, care of patients with Ebola, or engagement or attendance of burials.
MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report December 19, 2014 / 63(50);1205-1206
Handbook of COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment, expecting to share their invaluable practical advice and references with medical staff around the world. This handbook compared and analyzed the experience of other experts in China, and provides good reference to key departments such as hospital infect...ion management, nursing, and outpatient clinics. This handbook provides comprehensive guidelines and best practices by China's top experts for coping with COVID-19.
This handbook, provided by the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, describes how organizations can minimize the cost while maximizing the effect of measures to manage and control the coronavirus outbreak. The handbook also discusses why hospitals and other healthcare institutions should have command centers when encountering a large-scale emergency in the context of COVID-19. This handbook also includes the following:
- Technical strategies for addressing issues during emergencies.
- Treatment methods to treat the critically ill.
- Efficient clinical decision-making support.
- Best practices for key departments like inflection management and outpatient clinics.
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ثیوبری هی 19 ّبی يفًَی ًهیز وٍَیذ تَاًٌذ هختل وٌٌذُ هحیف ّبیی ثبضٌذ وِ وَدوبى در آًْب رضذ هی وٌٌذ. اختلال ّبیی وِ در ایي ضزایف در خبًَادُ، رٍاثف دٍستبًِ، فًبلیت ّبی رٍ...سهزُ ٍ در سكحی ٍسیى تز در اجتوبو ایجبد هی هی، ضَد تَاًذ پیبهذّبی هٌفی ثز ثْشیستی، رضذ، تَسًِ ٍ حوبیت اس وَدوبى اًجبم هی 19 داضتِ ثبضذ. يلاٍُ ثز آى الذاهبتی وِ ثِ هٌهَر پیطگیزی ٍ وٌتزل ضیَو ٍیزٍس وٍَیذ ضَد ًیش هی تَاًذ هخبقزاتی را در سهیٌِ حوبیت اس وَدوبى ثِ ّوزاُ داضتِ ثبضذ .ثِ يٌَاى ًوًَِ لزًكیٌِ خبًگی، لزًكیٌِ هجتٌی ثز هزاوش یب ًَاحی یب ایشٍلِ ضذى در یه هحیف هحذٍد اس جولِ هَاردی ّستٌذ وِ هی ذ تبحیزات هٌفی ثز وَدوبى ٍ خبًَادُ ٌ تَاً 2 ّبیطبى ثگذارد. ّذف اس هختػزی وِ در اداهِ هی آیذ پطتیجبًی اس وسبًی است وِ در سهیٌِ حوبیت اس وَدوبى فًبلیت هی وٌٌذ تب ثتَاًٌذ پبسخگَیی ثْتزی ًسجت ثِ هخبقزات حوبیت اس وَدوبى در سهبى ّوِ گیزی ٍیزٍس وزًٍب داضتِ ثبضٌذ. در ثخص اٍل ثِ خكزات ثبلمَُ ی حوبیت اس وَدوبى در دٍرُ ّوِ گیزی ٍیزٍس پزداختِ ضذُ ٍ در ثخص دٍم ثزًبهِ19وٍَیذ حوبیت اس ٍ )2019 ّبی پیطٌْبدی ثز اسبس حذالل استبًذاردّبی حوبیت اس وَدوبى در الذاهبت ثطزدٍستبًِ(
وَدوبى در سهبى ضیَو ثیوبری ّبی يفًَی آهذُ است.
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According to WHO, infection prevention and control (IPC) is a scientific approach and practical solution designed to prevent harm caused by infection to patients and health workers. It is grounded in infectious diseases, epidemiology, social science and health system strengthening. IPC occupies a un...ique position in the field of patient safety and quality universal health coverage since it is relevant to health workers and patients at every single health-care encounter. Poor WASH and IPC lead to health acquired infections, transmission of diseases from health facilities to communities and increased use of antibiotics and exacerbate outbreak and spread of infections- in this case- COVID- 19. On the contrary, effective IPC reduces hospital-acquired infections by at least 30% (WHO 2016).
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This document outlines minimum requirements of laboratory testing for COVID-19 and link laboratory testing with surveillance and contact tracing to guide the outbreak response by national health authorities using a reduced number of tests performed. The strategies are organized according to stages o...f transmission: (1) No cases reported or observed (Stage 0); (2) Imported cases (Stage 1); (3) Localized community transmission (Stage 2); (4) Large-scale community transmission (Stage 3). For each stage, the recommended approaches indicate which testing strategy to prioritize when there are severe limitations on laboratory testing. The document is based on the current epidemiology of COVID-19 and available molecular testing methods.
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важные шаги по возобновлению работы школ
7 June 2022. To treat complications associated with measles: severe complications with module 1 (50 cases) and mild complications with module 8 (20 cases).
The new measles kit 2021 is designed to prepare for and support the treatment of non-severe and severe measles cases during outbreaks. The kit ...provides the essential medicines, supplies and equipment for the management of clinical suspected and severe cases.
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In May the Sixty-sixth World Health Assembly adopted resolution WHA66.12 (1) on 17 neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Among other measures, the resolution urges Member States to:
• ensure country ownership of prevention, control, elimination and eradication programmes;
• expand and implemen...t interventions and advocate for predictable, long-term international financing for activities related to control and capacity strengthening;
• integrate control programmes into primary health-care services and existing programmes;
• ensure optimal programme management and implementation;
• achieve and maintain universal access to interventions and reach the targets of the roadmap.
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