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Communicable disease threats report, 11 November 2017

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2017) C1

The ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) is a weekly bulletin for epidemiologists and health professionals on active public health threats. This issue covers the period 5-11 November 2017 and includes updates on measles, rubella, chikungunya, West Nile virus, Plague, monkeypox, legionnair ... more

Disease Commodity Packages
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2025) C_WHO

The DCPs are a series of disease specific datasheets that list the critical commodities and the technical specifications for each commodity per disease. The DCPs inform Member States and operational partners of commodity requirements and potential gaps in the health emergency supply chain. From an o ... more

Global report on infection prevention and control
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

Health care-associated infections (HAIs) affect patients and health systems every day, causing immense suffering, driving higher health-care costs and hampering efforts to achieve high-quality care for all. HAIs are often difficult to treat, are the major driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and ... more

Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ... is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

Ebola or Marburg case investigation and recording sheet (June 2020)

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

Ebola Response Key Technical Documents

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

Infection Control outside the VHF Treatment Facility

MSF (2008)

This section deals with implementing and improving infection control practices in hospitals, health centres and other health services in the outbreak area. It explains the need for, and implementation of, effective triage procedures, and basic requirements for infection control and supporting activi ... more

ECHO Health Guidance VHF

ECHO (2014)

Standard case definition of viral hemorrhagic fever for routine surveillance

World Health Organization (2014)

Transmission risk reduction of filoviruses in home-care settings

World Health Organization (2014)

Haemorrhagic Fevers in Africa: Narratives, Politics and Path ways of Disease an Response

Melissa Leach STEPS Centre, Institute of Development Studies (2008) C1

Ebola

Preferred product characteristics for personal protective equipment for the health worker on the frontline responding to viral hemorrhagic fevers in tropical climates
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

The scope of this PPC document is to serve as a guide to address the unmet public health need for a PPE system that protects the HW-F in tropical climate s while caring for patients and providing heavy duty essential health services. The characteristics described in this guidance are targeted fo ... more

Ministerial Guidelines on Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Case Management
recommended

Ministry of Health, Rwanda (2014) C1

Principaux documents d'orientation technique
recommended

Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS) (2017) C_WHO

Riposte Ebola

Procedures Operationelles Standards de Surveillance de la Maladie à Virus Ebola au Burkina Faso

Ministère de la Santé Burkina Faso (2014)

Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales

Pierre Aubry (2014)

Prélèvement déchantillons et envoi

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS (1998)

Ebola Virus Disease: Travel and transport risk assessment: Recommendations for public health authorities and transport sector

World Health Organization (2014)

Formation Guinée: Pre-Test

RESAOLAB Guinée (2014)

Test de connaissances avant formation. ATELIER DE FORMATION DU PERSONNEL DE LABORATOIRE SUR LA PREVENTION DE L’INFECTION A VIRUS EBOLA

Ebola un virus de fièvres hémorragiques mortel

Christophe Peyrefitte RESAOLAB Guinée (2014)

Objectif du module : Identifier les différents virus de fièvres hémorragiques dont le virus Ebola, ses symptômes, modes de transmission et moyens de prévention