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An ethical framework for global vaccine allocation

Emanuel, E.J., et al. (2020) C1

Science . 2020 Sep 11;369(6509):1309-1312. doi: 10.1126/science.abe2803. Epub 2020 Sep 3. The Fair Priority Model offers a practical way to fulfill pledges to distribute vaccines fairly and equitably

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Manual for the Development and Assessment of National Viral Hepatitis Plans

Joe Schofield, Sarah Hess, Bandana Malhotra et al. World Health Organization (WHO) (2015)

A Provisional Document. The purpose of this manual is to provide guidance to public health professionals tasked with managing a response to viral hepatitis. As every country’s needs are different with respect to its epidemiology and the current level of response, people would use this manual in di... more

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Guideline on the Use of Devices for Adult Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention

Julia Samuelson, Rachel Baggaley, Gottfried Hirnschall et al World Health Organization (2013) C_WHO

Male circumcision reduces a man’s risk of heterosexual acquisition of HIV by about 60%. This guideline provides an evidence-based recommendation on the use of adult male circumcision devices for HIV prevention in public health programmes in high HIV prevalence, resource-limited settings. It also p... more

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HEARTS. Technical package for cardiovascular disease management in primary health care. Systems of Monitoring

World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2018) C_WHO

Monitoring is a crucial element in any successful programme. It is important to know if health care facilities – and ultimately countries – are meeting the agreed goals and objectives for preventing and managing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Monitoring is the on-going collection, management ...and use of information to assess whether an activity or programme is proceeding according to plan and/ or achieving defined targets. Not all outcomes of interest can be monitored. Clear outcomes must be identified that relate to the most important changes expected to result from the project and to what is realistic and measurable within the timescale of the project. Once these outcomes have been articulated, indicators can be chosen that best measure whether the desired outcomes are being met. To allow progress to be monitored, this module provides a set of indicators on CVD management. Agreeing on a set of indicators allows countries to compare progress in CVD management and treatment across different districts or subnational jurisdictions, as well as at a facility level, identify where performance can be improved, and track trends in implementation over time. Monitoring these indicators also helps identify problems that may be encountered so that implementation efforts can be redirected. This module starts from the collection of data at facility level, which is then “transferred up” the system: facility-level data are aggregated at subnational level to produce reports that allow tracking of facility and subnational performance over time and allow for comparison among facilities. National-level data are obtained through population-based surveys. Implementing a monitoring system requires action at many levels. At national and subnational levels, staff can determine how best to integrate data elements into existing data collection systems – such as the routine service-delivery data that are collected through facility-level Health Management Information Systems (HMIS). In the facility setting, personnel must be aware of what data are needed. Sample data-collection tools are included, recognizing that countries use different datamanagement systems for HMIS, so the CVD monitoring tools will be adapted to work with the HMIS system being used by the country, such that the indicators can be collected with minimal disruption/work to existing systems and tools more

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Pharmacies and Drug Shops: Expanding contraceptive choice and access in the private sector

Dwyer, S.C.; et al. HIP Family Planning High Impact Practices (2021) CC

this Service Delivery brief provides evidence-based strategies that can help support drug shops and pharmacies in providing a wider variety of family planning methods and information. Evidence shows that with training and support, pharmacy and drug shop staff can facilitate the use of a broad range ... more

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Management of post-acute covid-19 in primary care

Greenhalgh, T.; et al. (2020) CC

BMJ 2020; 370 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3026 (Published 11 August 2020) The BMJ "practice pointer" inlcudes a one-page visual summary of assessment and initial management of patients with persistant symptoms following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection

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Health and Socio-Economic Impacts of Physical Distancing for Covid-19 in Africa. Policy Brief

Barasa, E.; et al. KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme and African Academy of Sciences (2020) CC

Physical distancing measures are important to reduce COVID-19 transmission. However, when stringently applied, they can result in negative health and socio-economic impacts. This report draws on a rapid review of available literature, case studies from across Africa and expert knowledge to make reco... more

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Social Mobilization and Community Engagement Central to the Ebola Response in West Africa: Lessons for Future Public Health Emergencies
recommended

Amaya M Gillespie, Rafael Obregon, Rania El Asawi, et al. (2016) CC

doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00226; Glob Health Sci Pract December 23, 2016 vol. 4 no. 4 p. 626-646

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2018 Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke

Powers, W.J.; et al. (2018) C2

A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association AHA/ASA Guideline DOI: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000158

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Air pollution and the noncommunicable disease prevention agenda: opportunities for public health and environmental science

Howse, E.; Crane, M.; Hanigan, I. et al. Environmental Research Letters (2021) CC

Air pollution is a major environmental risk factor and contributor to chronic, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). However, most public health approaches to NCD prevention focus on behavioural and biomedical risk factors, rather than environmental risk factors such as air pollution. This article discus... more

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Interim Guidelines for the Evaluation and Testing of Infants with Possible Congenital Zika Virus Infection

Staples JE, Dziuban EJ, Fischer M, et al (2016) C2

A printable copy of the article published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) can be found on the CDC Homepage. Follow the Download Link for redirection to CDC.

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Emergency medical teams: minimum technical standards and recommendations for rehabilitation

World Health Organization WHO; Handicap International, CBM; et al. (2016) C_WHO

his document, a first of its kind, clearly sets out the standards for rehabilitation and provides guidance on building or strengthening the capacity of EMTs in this area.The importance of early rehabilitation for functional outcomes is well documented. Rehabilitation needs can pe... more

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Training Manual - Psychological First Aid for Field Workers in Fiji

Adventist Development and Relief Agency International, Caritas, Fiji Red Cross Society et al. (2021) CC

This Fiji contextualized manual was initially drafted for CANDO partners as a result of the work done by the humanitarian arms of the various Christian denominations. However as the work progressed it became evidently clear that the training was needed for all responders, and not only Christian resp... more

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Water, sanitation and hygiene in health care facilities: status in low and middle income countries and way forward.

Maria Neira, Edward Kelley, Mickey Chopra et al. World Health Organization, UNICEF (2015)

This report presents, for the first time, a global assessment of the extent to which health care facilities provide essential water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services. Drawing on data from 54 low- and middle-income countries, the report concludes that 38% lack access to even rudimentary levels ... more

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Namibia’s Second Voluntary National Review Report on the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals Towards Agenda 2030

National Planning Commission; United Nations Namibia; et al. (2021) CC2

Reflecting its commitment to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Namibia volunteered to undertake a second national review of the SDGs in 2021. The focus is on three SDG dimensions, namely, Economic, Social, and Environmental. These three dimensions are comprehensively integrated in ... more

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices about human African trypanosomiasis and their implications in designing intervention strategies for Yei county, South Sudan

Bukachi, SA.; Mumbo, AA.; Alak, ACD.; Sebit, W.; Rumunu, J. et al. PLOS Neclected Tropical Diseases (2018) CC

A clear understanding of the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of a particular community is necessary in order to improve control of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT).New screening and diagnostic tools and strategies were introduced into South Sudan, as part of integrated delivery of primar... more

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Communities, universal health coverage and primary health care

Sacks, E.; et al. (2015) C_WHO

Bull World Health Organ 2020;98:773–780 Universal health coverage (UHC) depends on a strong primary health-care system. To be successful, primary health care must be expanded at community and household levels as much of the world’s population still lacks access to health facilities for basic... more

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Community health workers to improve adherence to anti-seizure medication in rural South Africa: Is it cost-effective?
recommended

Wagner, R.C.; F. Norström, M. Y. Bertram et al. Epilepsia (2020) C1

Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) experience a high disease burden for epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition.The authors evaluate the cost-effectiveness of community health workers (CHWs) to improve adherence to medication for epilepsy in South Africa. They found that utilizing CHWs to i... more

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Reconsidering Primary Prevention of HIV: New Steps Forward in the Global Response

Ayala, George; Chang, Judy et al. Global Forum on MSM & HIV (2017) C1

The uneven distribution of HIV risks and burdens across populations is a well-substantiated fact, though seldom publicly acknowledged. Gay men and other men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, sex workers, and transgender women are 24, 24, 13.5, and 49 times more likely to acquire HIV, ... more

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Qualitative assessment of community health workers’ perspective on their motivation in community-based primary health care in rural Malawi

Ndambo, M.K.; Munyaneza, F.; Aron, M.B. et al. BMC Health Services Research (2022) CC

Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) have a positive impact on the provision of community-based primary health care through screening, treatment, referral, psychosocial support, and accompaniment. With a broad scope of work, CHW programs must balance the breadth and depth of tasks to mainta...in CHW motivation for high-quality care delivery. Few studies have described the CHW perspective on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to enhance their programmatic activities. Methods: We utilized an exploratory qualitative study design with CHWs employed in the household model in Neno District, Malawi, to explore their perspectives on intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and dissatisfiers in their work. Data was collected in 8 focus group discussions with 90 CHWs in October 2018 and March–April 2019 in seven purposively selected catchment areas. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using Dedoose. Results: Themes of complex intrinsic and extrinsic factors were generated from the perspectives of the CHWs in the focus group discussions. Study results indicate that enabling factors are primarily intrinsic factors such as positive patient outcomes, community respect, and recognition by the formal health care system but can lead to the chal- lenge of increased scope and workload. Extrinsic factors can provide challenges, including an increased scope and workload from original expectations, lack of resources to utilize in their work, and rugged geography. However, a posi- tive work environment through supportive relationships between CHWs and supervisors enables the CHWs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated enabling factors and challenges for CHW performance from their perspec- tive within the dual-factor theory. We can mitigate challenges through focused efforts to limit geographical distance, manage workload, and strengthen CHW support to reinforce their recognition and trust. Such programmatic empha- sis can focus on enhancing motivational factors found in this study to improve the CHWs’ experience in their role. The engagement of CHWs, the communities, and the formal health care system is critical to improving the care provided to the patients and communities, along with building supportive systems to recognize the work done by CHWs for the primary health care systems. more

Social Mobilization and Community Engagement Central to the Ebola Response in West Africa: Lessons for Future Public Health Emergencies recommended

Community health workers to improve adherence to anti-seizure medication in rural South Africa: Is it cost-effective? recommended

Social Mobilization and Community Engagement Central to the Ebola Response in West Africa: Lessons for Future Public Health Emergencies
recommended

Community health workers to improve adherence to anti-seizure medication in rural South Africa: Is it cost-effective?
recommended