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Senegal: Charting the path to malaria elimination

Programme national de lutte contre le paludisme (PNLP) - Sénégal, Speak up Africa, PATH, Zero Malarian starts with me (2018) C2

Senegal’s substantial and sustained progress against malaria is an inspiring public health success story, and a source of potential lessons for other countries on the path to elimination. This case study describes three major success factors—(1) outstanding leadership and partner engagement, (2)... more

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Towards Mapping the Fiscal Space: Health Sector Financing Strategy in Mozambique

N’weti, Wemos (2024) CC

This paper was commissioned by N´weti and Wemos as part of the project “Equitable health financing for a strong health system in Mozambique”. Its purpose is to contribute to the debate of the Mozambican Ministry of Health’s draft Health Sector Financing Strategy (HSFS) 2025 – 2034

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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Communication Guide for Malaria Control Interventions 2015-2020

The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of Tanzania (2015) CC

This Communication Guide for Malaria Control Interventions is aligned with Tanzania’s Malaria Strategic Plan (2015–2020) and provides comprehensive guidance on the implementation of Social and Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC) for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of malaria. It is int... more

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National Malaria Strategic Plan (NMSP) of Vietnam: 2021 – 2025

Ministry of Health (MOH) Vietnam, Vietnam (2020) C2

The National Strategic Plan on Malaria Prevention and Elimination Period 2021 – 2025 seeks to build on the previous national successes of the National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and Entomology (NIMPE) while addressing current challenges to reduce the overall burden of malaria in the S... more

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Standard treatment guidelines medicine (Respiratory Diseases) India

Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India (2020) C1

Accessed Febr. 6, 2020

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Medicine Prices in Nigeria

Federal Ministry of Health Nigeria , World Health Organisation (WHO), DFID, et al. (2006) C_WHO

Prices people pay for medicines.

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Orientaciones y módulos técnicos sobre los servicios comunitarios de salud mental: promover los enfoques centrados en las personas y basados en los derechos: resumen

Organización Mundial de la Salud OMS (2021) C_WHO

El documento WHO Guidance on community mental health services: Promoción de enfoques centrados en la persona y basados en los derechos humanos forma parte del conjunto de publicaciones de la OMS Orientación y paquetes técnicos sobre servicios comunitarios de salud mental. Ofrece una descripción ... more

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“Eles ficam até morrer”.Uma vida de isolamento e negligência em instituições para pessoas com deficiência no Brasil

Human Rights Watch (2018) C1

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Orientations pour la lutte anti-infectieuse dans les établissements de soins de longue durée dans le contexte de la COVID-19 orientations provisoires, 8 janvier 2021

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS (2021) C_WHO

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Trachoma The end in sight

International Coalition for Trachoma Control ICTC (2020) CC

Trachoma is an eye infection that for thousands of years caused many people to go blind across all continents. As the result of development and targeted interventions, trachoma is now limited to an estimated 57 countries, often affecting the poorest populations of the world. Today, more than 2 mill... more

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Traitement pré-transfert par l'artésunate rectal dans le paludisme infantile
recommended

M. Gomes Programme Spécial de Recherche et de Formation concernant les Maladies Tropicales (TDR), Organisation mondiale de la Santé (2012) CC

Manuel de formation pour les agents de santé communautaire pour l'évaluation des signes de danger et l'administration d'un traitement préalable au transfert immédiat vers une structure de santé. Ce manuel a été développé par le Programme Spécial de Recherche et de Formation concernant l... more

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Care of the HIV-Exposed Infant

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2018) C1

This clinical job aid addresses the importance of maternal health and antiretroviral therapy adherence, as well as care and testing for the HIV-exposed infant until the infant’s final HIV diagnosis after the end of breastfeeding.

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WHO BioHub system: biosafety and biosecurity: criteria and operational modalities

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

The WHO BioHub Biosafety & Biosecurity: criteria and operational modalities sets out the requirements to which laboratories wishing to receive biological materials as part of this international exchange system should abide, to ensure safe and secure operations. These provisions are in accordance wit... more