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This toolkit is a "how to" guide for developing, implementing and evaluating a multisectoral action plan for prevention and control of NCDs. It is
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targeted at policy-makers, planners and programme managers, and is intended to help countries, provinces and cities meet the requirements for achieving global and national NCD targets and the Sustainable Development Goals. The toolkit takes the user through a series of actions related to the development of a multisectoral action plan ("MSAP development actions"), and provides forms and a template framework for users to complete as they undertake these actions. Developing a multisectoral action plan involves establishing health needs and engaging relevant stakeholders before determining the actions to take, identifying and prioritizing interventions, deciding on ways to address NCDs while establishing support and resources for prevention and control, and evaluating progress in implementing the plan.
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One of the first steps in developing a multisectoral action plan (MSAP) is to use a situation analysis to provide a comprehensive assessment of the health needs, prevailing risks and the context of
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the area to which the plan will apply. This will help countries, regions, provinces or cities intending to create a multisectoral action plan to align with the global commitments on targeting the four major NCDs: cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory diseases.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Report 2021 estimated that, in 2020, tuberculosis (TB) was the second most common infectious disease killer after coronavirus disease (COVID-1
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9) and the 13th leading cause of death (1). Twenty-five per cent (25%) of the world’s population has latent TB infection, which can develop into disease. In 2020, WHO estimated that 9.9 million people fell ill with TB, but only about 5.8 million (60%) were diagnosed, reported and treated, an 18% fall from 7.1 million in 2019. WHO also estimates that, between 2019 and 2020, global TB mortality increased from 1.2 to 1.5 million, a 5.6% increase
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The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Report 2021 estimated that, in 2020, tuberculosis (TB) was the second most common infectious disease killer after coronavirus disease (COVID-1
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9) and the 13th leading cause of death (1). Twenty-five per cent (25%) of the world’s population has latent TB infection, which can develop into disease. In 2020, WHO estimated that 9.9 million people fell ill with TB, but only about 5.8 million (60%) were diagnosed, reported and treated, an 18% fall from 7.1 million in 2019. WHO also estimates that, between 2019 and 2020, global TB mortality increased from 1.2 to 1.5 million, a 5.6% increase
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The objectives of NAP are aligned with the global action plan based on national needs and priorities. The emphasis is on One Health approach with a
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ll sectors especially human health, animal health and environment contributing towards minimizing the emergence and impact of AMR in Jordan.
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The WHO Global Health Estimates show that nearly half a million deaths (493 471) occurred in the WHO European Region due to violence and injuries in 2016. This represents a decline of 29% from 2000.
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Injuries account for 5.3% of all deaths and 9.6 of all years of life lost. They are a leading cause of death in people aged 15–29 years and the second leading cause of death for young people aged 5–14. The three leading causes of injury deaths are self-directed violence (141 089), falls (83 325) and road-traffic injuries (78 198). Inequalities in injury deaths exist in the Region, with mortality rates 2.4 times higher in males than in females and 1.5 times higher in middle-income compared to high-income countries.
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Pathogen genomic surveillance has become a priority for public health systems in recent years. Genomic sequencing is increasingly being used to characterize pathogens and monitor important public
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health priorities (e.g. poliovirus, influenza virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Vibrio cholerae, antimicrobial resistance (AMR)). The decrease in cost and time of sequencing and the exponential development of bioinformatic pipelines have played a critical role in integrating pathogen genomics into routine public health surveillance. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the role that sequencing plays in the surveillance of infectious diseases. Sequencing facilitates earlier detection, more accurate investigation of outbreaks, closer real-time monitoring of pathogen evolution and tailored development and evaluation of interventions to inform local to global public health decision-making and action. However, there remains a need to coordinate efforts, leverage and link existing surveillance and laboratory networks and capabilities, and systematically integrate genetic sequence data (GSD) with clinical and epidemiological data to strengthen its utility.
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Global Health Security (GHS) Index
Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) and the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security (JHU)
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)
(2019)
CC
The GHS Index is intended to be a key resource in the face of increasing risks of high-consequence and globally catastrophic biological events and in light of major gaps in international financing for preparedness. These risks are magnified by a rap
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idly changing and interconnected world; increasing political instability; urbanization; climate change; and rapid technology advances that make it easier, cheaper, and faster to create and engineer pathogens.
Key findings from the study of 195 countries:
• Out of a possible 100 points, the average GHS Index score across 195 countries was 40.2.
• The majority of high- and middle-income countries do not score above 50.
• Action is urgently needed to improve countries’ readiness for high-consequence infectious disease outbreaks.
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The Plan subscribes to the goals and pillars of the WHO Global Technical Strategy against Malaria 2016-2030 (GTS), while presenting key elements to address the specific challenges of the Region.
In 2015, to advance the global and national response to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the World Health Assembly issued resolution WHA68.7 calling for
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all Member States to develop AMR national action plans that address the five objectives of the World Health Organization Global Action Plan (GAP) by May 2017. The WHO GAP provides a framework to support countries in developing their national action plans on AMR. To operationalize and accelerate implementation of national action plans on AMR, WHO has developed a costing and budgeting tool and accompanying user guide. The purpose is to support countries in costing prioritized activities of an operational plan linked to their AMR national action plan, and identify existing funding and funding gaps to promote resource mobilization and sustainable implementation. The target audience of the publication are national policy makers and designated costing coordinators for national action plans on AMR.
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat that requires urgent
collaborative action within and among countries. As a result of the worldwide reports of the increasing rates of AMR to hospit
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al and community-acquired infections and in the agricultural sector, the Global Action Plan on AMR was adopted in 2015. T
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Rabies is a global public health problem with important socioeconomic impacts. Human rabies is preventable; almost all cases are transmitted through the bite of a rabid dog. Elimination of human rab
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ies is possible. Technical support and tools are available. This report covers:
- Why investment is needed: key rationale.
- Investment purpose: global elimination of rabies.
- Investment in action: four case examples in Philippines, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa, United Republic of Tanzania, Bangladesh.
- Summary results of case examples: Programme similarities and differences, and Health impact success stories from case examples. more
- Why investment is needed: key rationale.
- Investment purpose: global elimination of rabies.
- Investment in action: four case examples in Philippines, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa, United Republic of Tanzania, Bangladesh.
- Summary results of case examples: Programme similarities and differences, and Health impact success stories from case examples. more
Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance
recommended
The goal of the draft global action plan is to ensure, for as long as possible, continuity of successful treatment and prevention of infectious dis
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eases with effective and safe medicines that are quality-assured, used in a responsible way, and accessible to all who need them.
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Implementing the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance: first quadripartite biennial report
The first quadripartite biennial report summarizes progress in the implementation of multisectoral national action plans, actions by the quadripartite organizations, actions by the global governance
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structures, key environmental dimensions, highlights areas for accelerated action, and shares case studies from six countries. An Annex with extensive data on the global action plan’s monitoring and evaluation indicators is included. The report was developed through contributions from all 6 WHO regions, member states, various headquarters departments and units, and technical teams from FAO, WOAH and UNEP.
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Developed through broad and inclusive consultation, and aligned with the WHO Global Health Sector Strategies and the Sustainable Development Goals, the framework promotes a people-centred approach a
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nd antimicrobial stewardship across 5 key domains: prevention and response, surveillance, research and innovation, laboratory capacity, and governance.
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The escalating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pandemic is a global public health threat with extensive health, economic and societal implications.
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Resistance emerges because of selection pressure from rational and indiscriminate antimicrobial use in human health as well as in the veterinary, agriculture and environmental sectors. Infections caused by resistant bacteria result in longer duration of illness, higher mortality rates and increased costs associated with alternative treatment. AMR further constrains procedures that rely on antimicrobial prophylaxis, and AMR is recognized as a threat to theworld economy.
Journal of Public Health | Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 8–13 | doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdw015 | Advance Access Publication March 3 2016
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Childhood cancer is curable for the vast majority of children when essential diagnostic, therapeutic and supportive care services are accessible. However, profound inequalities in outcomes exist within and between countries with as few as 20% or 30%
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of children living in low- and middle-income countries surviving.
The Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer Overview document presents the CureAll approach to support governments, partners and communities achieve the best possible cancer care for all children. This approach, summarized as four pillars of action supported by three enablers, will improve the care for children with cancer around the world.
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The harmful use of alcohol causes approximately 3 million deaths every year and the overall burden of disease and injuries attributable to alcohol consumption remains unacceptably high. The pace of development and implementation of alcohol policies has been uneven in WHO regions, and resources and c
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apacities for implementation of the WHO Global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol 10 years after its endorsement do not correspond to the magnitude of the problems. On this basis, the WHO Executive Board in its decision EB146 (14) called for accelerated action to reduce the harmful use of alcohol.
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The report aims to capture lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic and to highlight the opportunity for more ambitious global action: expanding sustaina
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ble access to vaccines for all towards the Immunization Agenda 2030 and pandemic prevention, preparedness and response efforts. The report is organized in two sections: the first section provides WHO insights on global vaccine market dynamics, drawing from data provided by Member States, which are, in turn, analysed and displayed in the second section.
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One Health Joint Plan of Action (2022-2026)
World Organisation for Animal Health
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; United Nations Enviroment Programme; Wolrd Health Organization; World Organisation for Animal Health
(2022)
C_WHO
The desired impact of the OH JPA is a world better able to prevent, predict, detect and
respond to health threats and improve the health of humans, animals, plants and the
environment while contri
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buting to sustainable development. The OH JPA aims to work
towards this vision in the following way:
• Provide a framework for action and propose a set of activities the four organizations
can offer together to advance and sustainably scale up One Health.
• Provide upstream policy and legislative advice and technical assistance, to help
set national targets and priorities across the sectors for the development and
implementation of One Health legislation, initiatives and programmes.
• Take stock of existing cross-sectoral global and regional initiatives around One
Health, identify and advise on synergies and overlaps, and support coordination.
• Mobilize and make better use of resources across sectors, disciplines and
stakeholders.
• The OH JPA is guided by a theory of change and makes use of One Health principles
to strengthen collaboration, communication, capacity building and coordination
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