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Countering Stigmatization in the Humanitarian Response to COVID-19

InterAction (2024) CC

In most contexts, the social stigma surrounding mental health issues exists because of cultural norms and a lack of understanding of mental health’s complexities and realities, resulting in isolation, increased vulnerability, and lack of support for people with mental health problems. This stig... more

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A Roadmap on the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Among People Living With Diabetes

Mitchell, S.; Malanda, B.; Damasceno, A. et al. World Heart Federation (2019) CC

In 2014, the World Heart Federation (WHF) launched an initiative to develop a series of Roadmaps [1e6]. Their aim is to identify potential roadblocks on the pathway to effective prevention, detection, and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD), along with evidence-based solutions to overcome... more

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World Heart Federation Roadmap for Heart Failure

Ferreira, J.P.; Kraus, S.; Mitchell, S. et al. Global Heart (2019) CC

In 2012, all Member States of the World Health Organization (WHO) endorsed a historical target to reduce premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases (NCD). This commitment was echoed in 2015 by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, which included a target to reduce premature morta... more

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Cardiovascular diseases in Africa in the twenty-first century: Gaps and priorities going forward

Minja, N.W.; Nakagaayi, D.; Aliku, T. et al. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (2022) CC

In 2015, the United Nations set important targets to reduce premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths by 33% by 2030. Africa disproportionately bears the brunt of CVD burden and has one of the highest risks of dying from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide. There is currently an epide...miological transition on the continent, where NCDs is projected to outpace communicable diseases within the current decade. Unchecked increases in CVD risk factors have contributed to the growing burden of three major CVDs—hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and atherosclerotic diseasesleading to devastating rates of stroke and heart failure. The highest age standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to hypertensive heart disease (HHD) were recorded in Africa. The contributory causes of heart failure are changing—whilst HHD and cardiomyopathies still dominate, ischemic heart disease is rapidly becoming a significant contributor, whilst rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has shown a gradual decline. In a continent where health systems are traditionally geared toward addressing communicable diseases, several gaps exist to adequately meet the growing demand imposed by CVDs. Among these, high-quality research to inform interventions, underfunded health systems with high out-of-pocket costs, limited accessibility and affordability of essential medicines, CVD preventive services, and skill shortages. Overall, the African continent progress toward a third reduction in premature mortality come 2030 is lagging behind. More can be done in the arena of effective policy implementation for risk factor reduction and CVD prevention, increasing health financing and focusing on strengthening primary health care services for prevention and treatment of CVDs, whilst ensuring availability and affordability of quality medicines. Further, investing in systematic country data collection and research outputs will improve the accuracy of the burden of disease data and inform policy adoption on interventions. This review summarizes the current CVD burden, important gaps in cardiovascular medicine in Africa, and further highlights priority areas where efforts could be intensified in the next decade with potential to improve the current rate of progress toward achieving a 33% reduction in CVD mortality. more

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Guidelines for Management of ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction

Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India (2022) CC

Myocardial infarctions are generally clinically classified into ST elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI), based on changes in ECG. When blood flow to a part of the heart stops or the heart is injured and fails to receive enough oxygen required for its adequate functioning the conditi... more

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Individual-level data in 680 102 adults, The state of diabetes treatment coverage in 55 low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative

Flood, D.; Seiglie, J.A.; Dunn, M.; et al. The Lancet healthy Longevity (2021) C2

Approximately 80% of the 463 million adults worldwide with diabetes live in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). A major obstacle to designing evidence-based policies to improve diabetes outcomes in LMICs is the scarce availability of nationally representative data on the current patterns... more

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Panorama of Diabetes in the Americas by Pan American Health Organization

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2022) C_WHO

The burden of diabetes is enormous, positioning it as one of the main challenges facing public health today. Currently, it is estimated that 62 million people are living with diabetes in the Region of the Americas and projections show its prevalence will continue rising over the following years. The... more

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Population and Individual Approach to the Prevention and Management of Diabetes and Obesity

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2011) C_WHO

The Resolution Population and Individual Approaches to the Prevention and Management of Diabetes and Obesity was approved by the 48th Directing Council of the Pan American Health Organization, September 29- October 3, 2008, in response to the epidemic of obesity and diabetes currently affecting the ... more

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Pharmacological Primary Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus Type II: A Narrative Review

Naveed, A.; Farrukh, L.; Khawar Sana, M.; et al. National Library of Medicine (2020) CC2

The evolving epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus has challenged health-care professionals. It stands among the leading causes of mortality in the present world. It warrants new and versatile approaches to improve mortality and the associated huge quality-adjusted life years lost to it once diagnose... more

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South American guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention and rehabilitation

Herdy, A.H.; López-Jiménez, F.; Terzic, C.P. et al. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (2014) CC

In this document, the Inter-American Committee of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, together with the South American Society of Cardiology, aimed to formulate strategies, measures, and actions for cardiovascular disease prevention and rehabilitation (CVDPR). In the context of the imple... more

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CVD and the Development Agenda: Advocacy Toolkit

World Heart Federation (2017) CC

Global Development: Where Are We Now? Today, we are facing a vital opportunity to change the profile of cardiovascular disease around the world. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are due to expire at the end of 2015, placing the cardiovascular health community in a unique position to shape t... more

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Population and Individual Approaches to the Prevention and Management of Diabetes and Obesity

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2011) C_WHO

Obesity and diabetes are affecting the peoples of the Americas at high and increasing rates. National surveys demonstrate that obesity is increasing in prevalence among all age groups; 7% to 12% of children under 5 years old and one-fi fth of adolescents are obese, while rates of overweight and obe... more

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Community Health Worker Training Curriculum - Facilitator's Guide

Baylor Tingathe Community Outreach Programme Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Malawi (2016) CC

This curriculum was designed to train newly recruited health care workers (HCW) in the basic knowledge and skills needed to improve different HIV services within the health facility including identification, linkage, retention and support. In addition to HIV basics, the training has supplementary un... more

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Air pollution exposure—the (in)visible risk factor for respiratory diseases

Bălă, G.P.; Râjnoveanu, R.M.; Tudorache, E. et al. Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2021) CC

There is increasing interest in understanding the role of air pollution as one of the greatest threats to human health worldwide. Nine of 10 individuals breathe air with polluted compounds that have a great impact on lung tissue. The nature of the relationship is complex, and new or updated data are... more

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Effectiveness of a diabetes program based on digital health on capacity building and quality of care in type 2 diabetes: a pragmatic quasi-experimental study

Moreas Morelli, D.; Rubinstein, F.; Santero, M.; et al. BMC Health Services Research, part of Springer Nature (2023) CC2

Health systems in Latin America face many challenges in controlling the increasing burden of diabetes. Digital health interventions are a promise for the provision of care, especially in developing countries where mobile technology has a high penetration. This study evaluated the effectiveness of th... more

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Health Technology MANUAL: Improving the Integrated Management of Chronic Diseases at the First Level of Health Care Services

Pan American Health Organization PAHO; World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

Care for persons with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is a major health priority for most countries worldwide, particularly for low-middle income countries where the problem seems to be worsening. Globally,... more

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A cross-country qualitative analysis of teachers’ perceptions of asthma care in sub-Saharan Africa

Naidoo, K.L.; Dladla, S.; Mphahlele, R.E. et al. npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine (2023) CC2

Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease among school-going adolescents worldwide. However, the burden of severe asthma is highest in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to explore teachers’ perceptions of asthma care across six African countries. We conducted focus group discussions... more

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The burden of severe asthma in sub-Saharan Africa: Findings from the African Severe Asthma Project

Kirenga, B.J.; Chakaya, J.; Yimer, G. et al. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global (2024) CC

Severe asthma is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization, but its burden in Africa is unknown. This article wants to determine the burden (prevalence, mortality, and activity and work impairment) of severe asthma in 3 countries in East Africa: Uganda, Kenya, and Ethio... more

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Malawi Country Operational Plan 2022 Strategic Direction Summary April 29, 2022

U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (2022) CC2

PEPFAR Malawi’s Country Operational Plan 2022 (COP22) embodies joint priorities from national and subnational dialogues building on the 2020-2025 National Strategic Plan for HIV/AIDS. The interagency team has developed a person-centered, district-tailored and Malawi Population-Based HIV Impact Ass... more

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Haiti Earthquake and Cholera Emergency Appeal (MDRHT018) - Final Evaluation

International Federation of Red Cross (IFRC) (2024) C2

The Haiti Earthquake and Cholera Emergency appeal (MDRHT018) was implemented by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) in collaboration with the Haitian Red Cross Society (HRCS) following the devastating earthquake on 14 August 2021, and the cholera outbreak on 2... more