Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
40
Organización Mundial de la Salud OMS
36
UNICEF
32
World Health Organisation (WHO)
32
OPAS
25
Pan American Health Organization PAHO, World Health Organization WHO
25
World Health Organization (WHO)
25
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS
20
Reliefweb
20
Robert-Koch-Institut RKI
17
Pan American Health Organization PAHO
14
UN Children's Fund UNICEF
13
Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador
12
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India
12
UNAIDS
12
WHO
12
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ)
12
Government of India
11
IASC Reference Group on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings
11
Ministerio de Salud, Peru
11
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
11
OCHA Services
11
Ministerio de Salud Argentina
10
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social Bogotá, Colombia
10
OPS
10
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS
10
Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS)
10
Regional Office for Africa
10
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (Eвропейское)
10
Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Safeguarding Africa's Health)
9
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC
9
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC
9
Ministerio de sanidad - España
9
Ministerio de Salud El Salvador
8
World Health Organization (Europe)
8
Kamps, B.S.
7
World Health Organization (India)
7
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa
7
ВОЗ
7
IFRC
6
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC
6
OCHA
6
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
6
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), OPS
6
Africa CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
5
Health Emergencies Programme
5
Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC
5
International Organization for Migration IOM
5
Ministerio da Saude, Brasilia
5
Ministerio de Salud Chile
5
Ministério da Saúde, Brasil
5
Ministry of Health, Kenya
5
OPAS, OMS
5
World Health Organisation
5
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe
5
Всемирная Организация Здравоохранения
5
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC)
4
and C. Hoffmann
4
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
4
Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias
4
Centro de Coordinación de Alertasy Emergencias Sanitarias
4
et al
4
Feraud, H.
4
Global Handwashing Partnership
4
Ministerio da Saude Brasilia
4
Ministerio de Salud Bolivia
4
Ministerio de Salud Publica Paraguay
4
National Health Mission
4
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS)
4
Organización Panamericana de la Salud
4
USAID
4
World Health Organization
4
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office for Europe
4
World Health Organization WHO, et al.
4
Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации
4
Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention
3
African Union, Africa CDC
3
Bild und Sprache e.V.
3
Family Larsson
3
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO
3
Lifeology
3
MEDBOX
3
Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador
3
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde Brasil
3
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
3
Ministry of Health Singapore
3
OCCHA Services
3
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA
3
OMS
3
Organización Mundial de Saude and OPAS
3
R4V
3
Rosenquist Foundation (dedicated to human milk)
3
UNFPA
3
World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia
3
World Health Organsiation WHO
3
Всемирная Организация Здравоохранения - Европейское региональное бюро
3
AFEM African Federation For Emergency Medicine
2
AMREF
2
Apotheker ohne Grenzen und Brot für die Welt
2
ASLM
2
B.S. Kamps
2
Bennet, S.
2
BMJ
2
BMJ Global Health
2
C. Ferreira-Borges
2
Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis and Outbreak Response
2
Clínica Universitaria Psicología
2
Colegio Oficial de Psicología de Madrid
2
Department: Health Republic of South Africa
2
DIFÄM
2
Dr. J. Breda
2
E. Chiang
2
European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ECDC
2
F. P. Soruco Marc et al.
2
FHI 360
2
First Draft, Yale Insitute for Global Health
2
Flores Conde, F.
2
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
2
Gentilini U., M. Almenfi, I. Orton
2
Global Polio Eradication Initiative GPEI
2
Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HSE)
2
Hoffmann, C.
2
hpsc
2
International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC
2
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2
International SOS
2
Lancet Migration
2
M. Dara
2
Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Paraguay
2
Ministerio de Salud y Deportes Bolivia
2
Ministerio de Salud, Bogota, Colombia
2
Ministère de la Santé - Le Gouvernement Luxembourgeis
2
Ministério da Saúde, Brazil
2
Ministry of Health
2
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India
2
Ministry of Health, South Africa
2
National Centre for Disease Control (formerly National Institute of Communicable Diseases)
2
National Department of Health, South Africa
2
National Environment Agency (Safeguard-Nurture,Cherish)
2
Pan American Health Organization
2
Penal Reform International (PRI)
2
Sallam, M.
2
See text
2
Smithsonian Science Education Center
2
Smithsonian Science Education Center, et al.
2
The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action
2
The Alliance for Children Protection in Humanitarian Action
2
The Georg Institute for Global Health India
2
the Inter-Agency Standing Committee’s Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Reference Group
2
The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC
2
The Lancet
2
The Public Good Projects
2
UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR
2
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
2
Unidad de vigilancia de la Salud, Gobierno de la répubica de Honduras
2
Union Africaine
2
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA
2
United Nations Population Fund UNFPA
2
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
2
Vatican Press
2
World Health Organization WHO, IFRC
2
World Health Organization WHO, Western Pacific Region
2
Департамент здравоохранения города Москвы
2
1mg
1
A. dos Santos Filho, W. Marques, P. Dourado, et al.
1
A. Gheorghe
1
A. Pereira, B. do Valle Pinheiro et al.
1
A. Tandon et al.
1
Abela-Ridder, B.
1
Abir, T.
1
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1
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1
AFP Fact check
1
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1
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Center for Disease , African CDC
1
Aguilar-León, P et al.
1
akkon Hochschule für Humanwissenschaften
1
ALNAP
1
Alvarado R., Ramírez J. et al
1
Alves Dias, C.
1
AMECEA
1
Amnesty International
1
amref Health Africa
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Anaya-Covarrubias, J.Y.
1
and C. Hanbury
1
and F. Morgado
1
and J. Garcia-Rosales Delgado
1
and S. Mauder
1
and S.J. Mason
1
Asberg, S.E.
1
Asberg. S.E.
1
ASEDP (Asociación Salvadoreña para el Estudio y Tratamiento del Dolor y Cuidados Paliativos)
1
Ashish KC, R. Gurung, M.V Kinney, et al.
1
B Watso, E.Togami et al.
1
B. Ezenwa
1
B. N. Ezenwa, I. B. Fajolu, O. R. Akinajo, et al.
1
Bagattini AM, de Melo Tavares B, Garcia Moraes Pagano C, et al.
1
Bapoutou, B.
1
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1
Bender L.
1
Benítez M. A., Martín E. P. S. et al.
1
Berger, S.
1
Bham A., J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
Bham, A.
1
Biancovilli, p.
1
Bigoni, A.
1
Billion Lives
1
Bing Lin A. B., M.L Dietrich, R.A.Senior, et al.
1
Bio Med Central
1
BioNTech
1
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1
Bo Peng , Rowland W. Pettit, and Christopher I. Amos
1
Bolivia, Ministerio de Salud, Gobierno de Estado Plurinacional s
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
C. Hoffmann, A. Gualani Gualani
1
C. Hoffmann, et al.
1
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1
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1
Camp, R. and C. Hoffmann
1
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1
CARE
1
Carolina L.A. Barbieri, C. Carvalho de Souza Amorim Matos
1
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1
CDC
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
Centre for Respiratory Diesease and Meningitis, South Africa
1
Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, South Africa
1
Centro Africano de prevenção e luta contra doenças
1
Centros de controle e prevenção de doenças de Àfrica (África CDC)
1
CERAH
1
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1
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1
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1
Chu, D.K.
1
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1
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1
Clinical Care Options
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
Coregroup
1
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1
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1
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1
Crane, M.
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
de Man P, van den Dobbelsteen J, et al.
1
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1
Dennis, C.
1
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1
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1
Desogus, A.
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE SALUD PÚBLICA, CALIDAD E INNOVACIÓN
1
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1
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1
Directorate General of Health Services (EMR Division)
1
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1
Dr. Anna-Maria von Rod
1
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EQUINET
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et Ondoua Biwole V.
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1
F. Hanga
1
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1
F. Zerbinato Bispo Velasco, de Oliveira Pedroza, G.G. et al.
1
F1000 Research
1
Faella O. M., Cardozo M. A. et al.
1
Fajolu, I.
1
FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO
1
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1
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1
Ferres M., Potin M.
1
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1
Fida International. FAO, Pan American Health Organization PAHO, et al.
1
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1
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1
Fooks, A,
1
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1
Frase N. S.
1
Future Learn
1
FutureLearn
1
G, Zambrano, E Salgato, F. M. Moyano et al.
1
Garcia, P.J.
1
GAVI Alliance
1
Gavilanez Medina Patricia, Gualoto Lincango Blanca, Chamorro Obando Patricia et al
1
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1
Gideon
1
Gifford, L.
1
Gilman, R.T.
1
Global Asthma Network
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
Gustavo Corrêa, G.
1
H. Renna
1
Haldane, V., De Foo, C., Abdalla, S.M. et al.
1
Halloran A.
1
Hamid, H.
1
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1
Hanigan, I. et al.
1
Haute Conseil de la Santé Publique
1
Health Cluster
1
Health Cluster & Shelter Cluster Iraq
1
Health Cluster, WHO
1
health Department: Health Republic of South Africa
1
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1
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1
HelpAge
1
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1
Hesperian
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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ILO
1
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Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde e Ministério da Saúde
1
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe OSCE
1
Oxfam
1
P.M. Rodrigues de Souza, B. da Costa Thomé et al.
1
Padilla, M.
1
Paex I, Cederno J.R., Paredes Arce P. et al.
1
PAHO
1
Palacio, M.G.
1
PALIAMED (Fundación de Medicina Paliativa de El Salvador)
1
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO, et al.
1
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO, OPS
1
Paniz-Mondolfi, P.
1
Paul-Ehrlich-Institu PEI
1
Páez, L.S.
1
Pfizer
1
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1
Pharm-Ed
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Physicians for Human Rights
1
Plataforma Clínica Global da OMS para COVID-19
1
PNG
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences PNAS
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1
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Quirk, E.J.
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R Loewenson
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R. D. Costa Benavides, V. C. Altamirano, A. L. Alvarado et al.
1
R.M. de Oliveira Costa et al.
1
Rahman-Shepherd, A.
1
Ramanathan, K.
1
Ray, K.K.
1
Refugees International
1
Regional Office for Africa, Government of Mauritius
1
Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterreanan
1
Reijer, P.
1
Republic of India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
1
Republic of Kenya Ministry of Health
1
Republic of South Africa
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Resende, M. B.
1
Reusken C. B. E. M., E. K. Broberg, B. Haagmans et al.
1
Rev Panam de Salud Pública
1
Revista Cientifica FMC
1
Revista Latinoamericana de Desarrollo Económico
1
Rhodes, T.
1
Ricardo Heinzelmann, Rogerio Luz Coelho Neto et al.
1
Robert Koch Institut (RKI)
1
Robert Koch Institut RKI
1
Roca de Sangüeza, M.A.
1
Roos N.
1
Rosylane Nascimento das Mercês, Rocha Francisco Cortes Fernandes, Josierton Cruz Bezerra
1
Routledge
1
Royal Australian College of General Practitioner
1
Rudasa
1
Ruge
1
Rupp, N.
1
Rupprecht, C.
1
Rüppel, T.
1
Ryan, R.E.
1
S. Brünink
1
S. Buda
1
S. Ladhani
1
S. Lazzari and G. Kiesner
1
S. Lees et al.
1
S. Mahroof-Shaffi, C. Harkensee, A.T Chamberlain
1
S. Novoa, B. Nieto et al.
1
S.E. Asberg and E. Chiang
1
Sachs, J., Karim, S., Aknin, L. et al.
1
Sagan, A.
1
Saiful Islam M. , Mizanur Rahman K., Sun Y., et al.
1
salud
1
Salud Madrid
1
Salud mental perinatal
1
Salvi, S.S.
1
San Pedro Francisco
1
Santé publique France
1
Santo Padre Francisco
1
Santos-D'Amorim K, Fernandes de Oliveira Mirand MK
1
Satomi, E.
1
Saúde mental, relações raciais e Covid - 19
1
Save the Children
1
Sánchez Báez E.A., Diego D. et al.
1
Schäferhoff M. et al.
1
Schmidt-Sane M.
1
Secretaria de Atencao Primaria Saude (SAPS)
1
Secretaria Extraordinária de Enfrentamento à COVID-19, Brasil
1
Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro
1
Secretaría General de la Organización de los Estados Americanos
1
SEGO, SAC Ecuador
1
Segvia, E. V. L. et al.
1
Selon l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
1
Servicio de Infectología Clínica–Instituto de Medicina Tropical
1
Servizio Sanitario Regionale Emilia-Romagna
1
Série Informação para ação na Covid-19 | Fiocruz
1
Séverin, T. et al.
1
Siriam, A.
1
Sisters Doctor Forum of India, et al.
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action
1
Sociedad Boliviana de Medicina Crítica y Terapia Intensiva
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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SPI
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Stop TB Partnership
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
Tegally, H.
1
Temgoua, M.N.
1
The Alliance for Child Protection in humanitarian action
1
The Alliance for Chilfren Protection in Humanitarian Action
1
The Center For Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy CDDEP
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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Временные рекомендации
5 июня 2020 г
Ношение медицинской маски является одной из профилактических мер, которая может ограничить распространение ряда вирусных инф...кций, в том числе, COVID-19. Однако использования маски как единственного средства недостаточно для обеспечения адекватного уровня защиты, и следует принимать также другие меры. Независимо от применения масок первоочередное значение в профилактике передачи COVID-19 от человека к человеку имеет тщательное соблюдение гигиены рук и других мер ПИИК.more
временное руководство, 13 мая 2020 г.
Целью настоящего документа является предоставле- ние временных рекомендаций по биологической без- опасности в лабораторных усл...виях, которые следует соблюдать при исследовании клинических образцов пациентов, подпадающих под определение случаев ин- фицирования новым патогеном, выявленным в Ухане, Китай, то есть коронавирусным заболеванием 2019 г. COVID-19.more
Document d’information scientifique
24 avril 2020
Le développement d’une immunité face à un agent pathogène à la suite d’une infection naturelle comporte plusieurs étapes et prend généralement une à deux semaines. Une infection virale entraîne immédiatement une réponse immunit...aire innée, non spécifique, au cours de laquelle les macrophages, les neutrophiles et les cellules dendritiques ralentissent la progression du virus et peuvent même éviter l’apparition de symptômes. Cette réponse non spécifique est suivie d’une réponse adaptative, au cours de laquelle l’organisme produit des anticorps qui se lient spécifiquement au virus. Ces anticorps sont des protéines appelées immunoglobulines. L’organisme produit également des lymphocytes T qui reconnaissent et éliminent les cellules infectées par le virus. Cette réponse adaptative permet parfois d’éliminer le virus de l’organisme et, si elle est suffisamment forte, d’éviter l’aggravation de la maladie ou la réinfection par le même virus. Ce processus est souvent mesuré par la présence d’anticorps dans le sang.more
Научная справка
24 апреля 2020 г.
При инфицировании в естественных условиях выработка иммунитета к патогенному микроорганизму проходит в несколько этапов и заним...ет от 1 до 2 недель. При вирусной инфекции врожденный иммунитет обеспечивает немедленную реакцию организма, которая заключается в активации неспецифического иммунного ответа, приводящего к замедлению инфекционного процесса макрофагами, нейтрофилами и дендритными клетками, и которая в ряде случаев обусловливает бессимптомное течение инфекции. Затем происходит активация адаптивного иммунного ответа, при котором в организме начинается выработка специфических антител, способных к связыванию с вирусными частицами. Данные антитела являются белками и носят название иммуноглобулинов. Кроме того, в организме образуются Т-клетки, способные распознавать и уничтожать другие клетки, пораженные вирусом. Это звено иммунитета носит название клеточного. Функционирование нескольких звеньев иммунитета при адаптивном ответе может способствовать элиминации вируса из организма, а при достаточной активности реакции – препятствовать переходу заболевания в тяжелую форму и повторному заражению той же инфекцией. Количественной мерой данного процесса является уровень антител в крови.more
This document is to support local authorities, leaders and policy-makers in cities and other urban settlements in identifying effective approaches and implementing recommended actions that enhance the prevention, preparedness and readiness for COVID-19 in urban settings, to ensure a robust response ...and eventual recovery. It covers factors unique to cities and urban settings, considerations in urban preparedness, key areas of focus and preparing for future emergencies.more
Supply of essential medicines and health technologies (6 April 2020)
This paper is one of a set of technical guidance papers developed by the WHO Regional Office for Europe to provide practical information and resources for decision-makers on measures to strengthen the health system response to C...OVID-19.
The purpose of this paper is to provide WHO Regional Office for Europe Country Offices and Member States with guidance on how to maintain supplies of medicines and health technologies, including devices, diagnostics and blood products, during the COVID-19 outbreak.more
March 2020
The number of African Union Member States reporting COVID-
19 cases is increasing and there is a likelihood of community transmission. The WHO recently modified the COVID-19 suspect case definition to include severe acute respiratory infection and advises testing of all severe acute res...piratory illness (SARI) cases.1 However, many Member States have not yet started implementing these changes, they are still focussing surveillance efforts on individuals with travel history to an area with local COVID-19 transmission. This means patients with similar symptoms, but no apparent contact, may not
be investigated.more
Centre Africain de contrôle et de prévention des maladies (CDC Afrique) protocole par la surveillance renforcée du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (SRAS) et du syndrome grippal pour COVID-19 en Afrique
Mars 2020
Le nombre d’États membres de l’Union signalant des cas de COVID-19 est ...en augmentation et il est probable que la transmission communautaire en Afrique se produira. L’OMS a récemment modifié la définition de cas suspect de COVID-19 pour inclure des infections respiratoires aiguës sévères et conseille de tester tous les cas de syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (SRAS).1 Cependant, de nombreux États membres n’ont pas encore commencé à mettre en œuvre ces changements, ils concentrent toujours leurs efforts
de surveillance sur les personnes ayant des antécédents de voyage vers une zone de transmission locale de COVID-19. Cela signifie que les patients présentant des symptômes similaires, mais sans aucun contact apparent, peuvent ne pas être enquêtés.more
Muitos países já demonstraram que a transmissão por COVID- 19 de uma pessoa para outra pode ser desacelerada ou interrompida. Essas ações salvaram vidas e deram ao restante do mundo mais tempo para se preparar para a chegada da COVID-19: prontidão dos sistemas de resposta a emergências; aumen...to da capacidade de detecção e assistência aos pacientes; garantia de espaço, insumos e equipes necessárias nos hospitais, e desenvolvimento de intervenções médicas que salvam vidas. Todos os países devem urgentemente tomar as medidas necessárias para desacelerar a disseminação e evitar que seus sistemas de saúde fiquem sobrecarregados, em função de pacientes gravemente doentes por COVID-19.more
Esta é a primeira edição da orientação sobre estratégias de prevenção e controle de infecções (PCI) que devem ser aplicadas quando houver suspeita de COVID-19. Ela foi adaptada do documento da OMS sobre prevenção e controle de infecções durante prestação de cuidados de saúde para ca...sos prováveis ou confirmados de infecção da síndrome respiratória do Oriente Médio (MERS-CoV)1, com base no conhecimento atual da situação e experiência com a síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS) e MERS2. A OMS atualizará estas recomendações à medida que novas informações forem surgindo. Esta orientação é dirigida a trabalhadores da saúde, administradores em saúde e equipes de PCI nas unidades de saúde, mas também é relevante para os níveis nacionais, estaduais e municipais.more
Mothers and healthcare workers who support them have many questions and concerns about whether it is safe for mothers with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 to be close to and breastfeed their babies during the pandemic.
To address their questions, WHO has released a list of Frequently asked question...s: Breastfeeding and COVID-19. The FAQ complements the WHO interim guidance: Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when COVID-19 is suspected and draws upon other WHO recommendations on infant and young child feeding.
The FAQs aim to provide information to healthcare workers supporting mothers and families in maternity services and community settings, and communicate how the interim guidance should be implemented. Additionally, the FAQs provide information about the protective effects of breastfeeding and skin-to-skin contact, and the harmful effects of inappropriate use of infant formula milk.more
South Africa reported it fist case of COVID-19 on 5 March 2020. While the first cases were imported, local transmission has led to a rapid increase in the number of cases. As of 21 April 2020, more than 3,400 cases and 58 deaths had been confirmed. On 15 March, President Cyril Ramaphosa declared a n...ational state of disaster, and the government has since taken several measures to curb the spread of the virus, including closing borders, implementing strict social distancing measures and a 35-day nation-wide lockdown. These measures, along with the global economic shock caused by the pandemic, are expected to generate rising needs requiring an immediate and urgent response. Although South Africa is considered an upper-middle-income country, the amount of disparities—social, economic, and gender—make the country particularly vulnerable during this emergency.more
Breastfeeding is the cornerstone of infant and young child survival, nutrition and development and maternal health. The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life, followed by continued breastfeeding with appropriate complementary foods for up to 2 ye...ars and beyond.1 Early and uninterrupted skin-toskin contact, rooming-in2 and kangaroo mother care3 also significantly improve neonatal survival and reduce morbidity and are recommended by WHO.
Corrigendum 23 June 2020more
N95 or equivalent respirators are single-use personal protective equipment (PPE) designed for use by health workers that provide direct care to patients with diseases transmitted by aerosols or during aerosol generating procedures (AGP) for patients with acute respiratory disease, as is the case of ...COVID-19. • Given the current shortage of N95 and equivalent respirators, the World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested the possibility of their extended use by the same individual for up to 6 hours or the reprocessing of respirators when necessary.more
Усиление мер реагированиясистем здравоохранения на COVID-19: техническое руководство No 5: адаптация первичной медико-санитарной помощи для повышения эффективности о...ветных мер в связи с COVID-19 (17 июня 2020 г.)
Strengthening the health systems response to COVID-19: technical guidancemore