Nosocomial or health-facility-acquired infections are a serious issue, representing one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality in healthcare systems and consuming many scarce resources, especially in developing countries. Although much has been done, particularly in the hospital s...etting, to reduce the risk of these infections, the problem persists and demands innovative and cost-efficient solutions.
Although the care provided in most primary health care facilities is predominantly ambulatory with few or no inpatient beds, infection prevention is still important to minimize or eliminate the risks of facility-acquired infections and assure quality patient care.
Health facilities and hospitals should have written infection control procedures and guidelines in place and should also be monitoring that these procedures are adhered to in both inpatient and ambulatory care settings.
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Human Rights Watch defiende los derechos de personas en todo el mundo. Investigamos
exhaustivamente casos de abuso, exponemos ampliamente los hechos y exigimos a
quienes están en el poder que respeten los derechos y garanticen medidas de justicia.
Human Rights Watch es una organización internac...ional independiente cuya labor se
inscribe en un movimiento dinámico por la dignidad humana y la defensa de los derechos
humanos para todos.
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Este documento pretende ser una herramienta de trabajo que ayude
a comprender las dimensiones de la desnutrición infantil en el mundo, sus causas y consecuencias, pero también y muy especialmente las líneas básicas de intervención en las que trabajamos para luchar contra ella en los contextos ...más difíciles. [UNICEF]
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La troisième génération de la Stratégie de Coopération de l’OMS avec les Pays (SCP) concrétise le programme majeur de réforme adopté par l’Assemblée mondiale de la Santé pour renforcer la capacité de l’OMS et faire en sorte que ses prestations répondent mieux aux besoins du pays. E...lle reflète le douzième programme général de travail de l’OMS au niveau du pays, vise à assurer une pertinence accrue de la coopération technique de l’OMS avec les États Membres. Elle met l’accent sur l’identification des priorités et des mesures d’efficience pour la mise en œuvre des réformes de l’OMS et de l’agenda de transformation régional. L’agenda de transformation vise à faire de l’organisation sanitaire régionale une institution clairvoyante, proactive, capable de répondre aux attentes, axée sur les résultats, transparente et responsable. Cette génération de SCP tient compte du rôle des différents partenaires, y compris les acteurs non étatiques, dans la fourniture d’un appui aux gouvernements et aux communautés.
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Guía de aplicación de la estrategia multimodal de la OMS para la mejora de la higiene de las manos y del modelo “Los cinco momentos para la higienede las manos”
Recognizing the extent to which the COVID-19 outbreaks affects women and men differently is hugely important. Some preliminary data suggested that more men than women are dying, potentially due to sex-based immunological differences, higher rates of cardiovascular disease for men and lifestyle choic...es, such as smoking. However, the experiences and lessons learned from the Zika and Ebola outbreaks and the HIV pandemic demonstrate that robust gender analysis and informed, gender-integrated response are vital to strengthen the access and acceptability of the humanitarian services needed to meet the distinct needs of women and girls, as well as men and boy and LGBTI people.
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Orientação provisória. 2 de setembro de 2020
Questão clínica: Qual é o papel dos corticosteroides sistêmicos no tratamento de pacientes com COVID-19? Público-alvo: O público-alvo consiste principalmente de médicos, seguido por tomadores de decisão na área de saúde.
Com o tema A equidade, o coração da saúde, este Plano busca catalisar esforços nos Estados Membros para reduzir as iniquidades em saúde dentro dos países e territórios e entre eles, a fim de melhorar os resultados em termos de saúde. O Plano identifica ações específicas para enfrentar a d...esigualdade em saúde, como as recomendadas pela Comissão sobre Equidade e Desigualdades em Saúde nas Américas, com a orientação da Comissão de Alto Nível para a Saúde Universal. Quatro temas transversais são centrais para o enfoque deste Plano para abordar os determinantes da saúde: a equidade, o gênero, a etnia e os direitos humanos.
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Un plan de seis puntos para responder, recuperarse y reimaginar un mundo para todos los niños después de la pandemia
orientaciones provisionales, primera publicación: 24 de mayo de 2021, actualización: 21 de octubre de 2021, actualización: 15 de marzo de 2022
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted health systems around the world. The objectives of this study are to estimate the overall effect of the pandemic on essential health service use and outcomes in Mexico, describe observed and predicted trends in services over 24 months, and to estimat...e the number of visits lost through December 2020.
METHODS: We used health information system data for January 2019 to December 2020 from the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), which provides health services for more than half of Mexico's population-65 million people. Our analysis includes nine indicators of service use and three outcome indicators for reproductive, maternal and child health and non-communicable disease services. We used an interrupted time series design and linear generalised estimating equation models to estimate the change in service use and outcomes from April to December 2020. Estimates were expressed using average marginal effects on the risk ratio scale.
RESULTS: The study found that across nine health services, an estimated 8.74 million patient visits were lost in Mexico. This included a decline of over two thirds for breast and cervical cancer screenings (79% and 68%, respectively), over half for sick child visits and female contraceptive services, approximately one-third for childhood vaccinations, diabetes, hypertension and antenatal care consultations, and a decline of 10% for deliveries performed at IMSS. In terms of patient outcomes, the proportion of patients with diabetes and hypertension with controlled conditions declined by 22% and 17%, respectively. Caesarean section rate did not change.
CONCLUSION: Significant disruptions in health services show that the pandemic has strained the resilience of the Mexican health system and calls for urgent efforts to resume essential services and plan for catching up on missed preventive care even as the COVID-19 crisis continues in Mexico.
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In 2014, an estimated 40 million women of reproductive age were infected with Schistosoma haematobium, S. japonicum and/or S. mansoni. In both 2003 and 2006, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that all schistosome-infected pregnant and breastfeeding women be offered treatment, with praz...iquantel, either individually or during treatment campaigns. In 2006, WHO also stated the need for randomized controlled trials to assess the safety and efficacy of such treatment. Some countries have yet to follow the recommendation on treatment and many programme managers and pregnant women in other countries remain reluctant to follow the recommended approach.
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Introduction Community health workers (CHWs) are increasingly being tasked to prevent and manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors in underserved populations in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs); however, little is known about the required training necessary for them to ...accomplish their role. This review aimed to evaluate the training of CHWs for the prevention and management of CVD and its risk factors in LMICs.
Methods A search strategy was developed in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and five electronic databases (Medline, Global Health, ERIC, EMBASE and CINAHL) were searched to identify peer-reviewed studies published until December 2016 on the training of CHWs for prevention or control of CVD and its risk factors in LMICs. Study characteristics were extracted using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and quality assessed using Effective Public Health Practice Project’s Quality Assessment Tool. The search, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two researchers.
Results The search generated 928 articles of which 8 were included in the review. One study was a randomised controlled trial, while the remaining were before–after intervention studies. The training methods included classroom lectures, interactive lessons, e-learning and online support and group discussions or a mix of two or more. All the studies showed improved knowledge level post-training, and two studies demonstrated knowledge retention 6 months after the intervention.
Conclusion The results of the eight included studies suggest that CHWs can be trained effectively for CVD prevention and management. However, the effectiveness of CHW trainings would likely vary depending on context given the differences between studies (eg, CHW demographics, settings and training programmes) and the weak quality of six of the eight studies. Well-conducted mixed-methods studies are needed to provide reliable evidence about the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of training programmes for CHWs.
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Considerando los desafíos de la implementación de la Política Pública para el Desarrollo Integral de la Primera Infancia 2010-2020 (PPDIPI), el Gobierno de Guatemala tomó la decisión de realizar su actualización a través de un proceso que se encuentra liderado por la Mesa Temática de la Pri...mera Infancia (MTPI), que forma parte de la estructura de gobernanza del Gabinete Específico de Desarrollo Social (GEDS), y siguiendo los lineamientos establecidos en la Guía para Formulación de Políticas Públicas de la Secretaría de Planificación y Programación de la Presidencia (SEGEPLAN). Este proceso tiene como fin definir las acciones estratégicas que permitan potenciar el impacto de los programas nacionales integrados e incidir para mejorar la implementación de intervenciones que permitan alcanzar la amplia realización de los derechos y el potencial de todas las niñas y los niños del país.
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