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Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2010

National Institute of Statistics, Directorate General for Health, and ICF Macro (2011) C1

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Trends in Demographic and Reproductive Health Indicators in Ethiopia

Zachary, Blake, Zhuzhi Moore, and Pav Govindasamy ICF International (2013) C2

Data from the 2000, 2005, and 2011 Demographic and Health Surveys. DHS Trend Reports No. 7

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Liberia Malaria Indicator Survey 2016

National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) [Liberia], Ministry of Health (MOH), Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services (LISGIS), and ICF (2017) C2

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Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016

Ministry of Health, Nepal; New ERA; and ICF (2017) C2

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Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2014

National Institute of Statistics, Directorate General for Health, and ICF International (2015) C1

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Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey 2016

Ghana Statistical Service (GSS), Ghana Health Service (GHS), and ICF (2017) C2

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“We Have to Be Worried”. The Impact of Lead Contamination on Children’s Rights in Kabwe, Zambia

Human Rights Watch (2019) C1

Children in Kabwe are especially at risk because they are more likely to ingest lead dust when playing in the soil, their brains and bodies are still developing, and they absorb four to five times as much lead as adults. The consequences for children who are exposed to high levels of lead and are no... more

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WHO Country Cooperation Strategy Nepal, 2013-2017

World Health Organisation (WHO) Country Office for Nepal (2013) C_WHO

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Sierra Leone - Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017: Snapshots of the Key Findings

UNICEF; Global MICS Programme; Government of Sierra Loene, WHO; et al. (2018) C1

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Community Health, Family Planning, and Water Programs in Biodiversity Rich Areas of Madagascar

Conservation International Madagascar (2012) C1

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Levels and Trends in Maternal and Child Health Disparities by Wealth and Region in Eleven Countries with DHS Surveys

Shireen Assaf & Thomas Pullum ICF International Rockville, Maryland, USA (2016) C2

DHS Comparative Reports No. 42

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Indonesia Health Profile 2014

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia (2015) C1

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Malawi Malaria Indicator Survey 2017

Ministry of Health, National Malaria Control Programme (2018) C1

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Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2014-15

National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR) [Rwanda], Ministry of Health (MOH) [Rwanda], and ICF International. (2015) C2

The main objective of the 2014-15 RDHS was to obtain current information on demographic and health indicators, including family planning; maternal mortality; infant and child mortality; nutrition status of mothers and children; prenatal care, delivery, and postnatal care; childhood diseases; and ped... more

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WHO Guidance: Ethics and vector-borne diseases

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

The primary audience for this guidance is persons working directly in vector-borne disease prevention and control, including programme managers, researchers and field workers. A brief technical background is provided for the benefit of persons without expertise in vector-borne diseases; readers... more

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Revised guidelines for Home Isolation of mild /asymptomatic COVID-19 cases

Ministry of Health& Family Welfare, Goverment of India (2021) CC

28th April 2021

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Agenda para las Américas sobre salud, medioambiente y cambio climático 2021-2030

Pan American Health Organization (2021) C2

Esta publicación presenta la Agenda para las Américas sobre salud, medioambiente y cambio climático 2021-2030. Esta agenda es un llamamiento al sector de la salud para que lidere la labor a fin de abordar los determinantes ambientales de la salud en la Región de las Américas. La Organización P... more

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Agenda para as Américas sobre Saúde, Meio Ambiente e Mudança Climática 2021–2030

Pan American Health Organization (2021) C2

Esta publicação apresenta a Agenda para as Américas sobre Saúde, Meio Ambiente e Mudança Climática 2021–2030 (a Agenda). Esta Agenda é um apelo ao setor da saúde para que se posicione na vanguarda da abordagem aos determinantes ambientais da saúde nas Américas. A Organização Pan-Americ...ana da Saúde (OPAS) trabalhará com os Estados Membros para alcançar a meta e objetivo desta agenda: assegurar uma vida saudável e promover o bem-estar para todos, em todas as idades, usando um enfoque sustentável e equitativo que priorize a redução das iniquidades em saúde. A Agenda foi desenvolvido sob a égide da Estratégia Mundial da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) sobre a Saúde, o Meio Ambiente e a Mudança Climática e se baseia nos compromissos estabelecidos na Agenda de Saúde Sustentável para as Américas 2018–2030 e no Plano Estratégico da OPAS 2020–2025. A Agenda foi desenvolvida em consulta com o Grupo Técnico Assessor (GTA), por meio de um processo decisório consensual com os Estados Membros, durante os anos de 2019 e 2020. Para alcançar o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 3, a Agenda enfoca: melhoria do desempenho dos programas e instituições de saúde pública ambiental; promoção de sistemas de saúde ambientalmente resilientes e sustentáveis; e promoção de cidades e comunidades ambientalmente saudáveis e resilientes. A implementação da Agenda deverá ser contextual, com base nas necessidades e realidades de cada país. Ela beneficiará países e territórios ao promover boas práticas de governança; fortalecer as funções de liderança e coordenação do setor da saúde; favorecer ações intersetoriais; focar na prevenção primária; e melhorar as evidências e a comunicação. Facilitará o acesso aos recursos humanos, técnicos e financeiros necessários para abordar os determinantes ambientais da saúde e garantir que a Região esteja totalmente engajada nos processos e acordos globais de saúde, meio ambiente e mudança climática. O objetivo desta Agenda é fortalecer a capacidade dos atores da saúde, tanto no setor da saúde quanto em outros setores, para abordarem e se adaptarem aos determinantes ambientais da saúde (DAS), priorizando as populações que vivem em condições de vulnerabilidade, a fim de atingir o Resultado Intermediário 18 do Plano Estratégico da OPAS 2020–2025, diretamente, e vários outros resultados do Plano, indiretamente. Para enfrentar e se adaptar aos desafios dos DEA na Região, será necessária uma abordagem integrada e baseada em evidências dentro do setor da saúde e entre os setores, possibilitada e favorecida por boas práticas de governança, mecanismos de gestão adequados, vontade política de alto nível e dotação adequada de recursos humanos, técnicos, tecnológicos e financeiros. more

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Health in the green economy : transport sector

World Health Organization WHO (2012) C_WHO

WHO's Health in the Green Economy sector briefings examine the health impacts of climate change mitigation strategies considered by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in their Fourth Assessment Report (Climate Change, 2007). Large, immediate health benefits from some climate change strate... more

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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more