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Global, regional, and national burden and trend of diabetes in 195 countries and territories: an analysis from 1990 to 2025

Lin, X.; Xu,Y.; Pan, X.; et al. Scientific reports (2020) CC2

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of mortality and reduced life expectancy. We aim to estimate the burden of diabetes by type, year, regions, and socioeconomic status in 195 countries and territories over the past 28 years, which provide information to achieve the goal of World Health Organizatio... more

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Worldwide trends in the burden of asthma symptoms in school-aged children: Global Asthma Network Phase I cross-sectional study

Asher, I.; Rutter, C.E.; Bissell, K. et al. The Lancet (2021) CC

Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children globally. The Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I study aimed to determine if the worldwide burden of asthma symptoms is changing. This updated cross-sectional study used the same methods as the International study of Asthma and Allergies in Chi...ldhood (ISAAC) Phase III. Asthma symptoms were assessed from centres that completed GAN Phase I and ISAAC Phase I (1993–95), ISAAC Phase III (2001–03), or both. We included individuals from two age groups (children aged 6–7 years and adolescents aged 13–14 years) who self-completed written questionnaires at school. We estimated the 10-year rate of change in prevalence of current wheeze, severe asthma symptoms, ever having asthma, exercise wheeze, and night cough (defined by core questions in the questionnaire) for each centre, and we estimated trends across world regions and income levels using mixed-effects linear regression models with region and country income level as confounders. Overall, 119 795 participants from 27 centres in 14 countries were included: 74 361 adolescents (response rate 90%) and 45 434 children (response rate 79%). About one in ten individuals of both age groups had wheeze in the preceding year, of whom almost half had severe symptoms. Most centres showed a change in prevalence of 2 SE or more between ISAAC Phase III to GAN Phase I. Over the 27-year period (1993–2020), adolescents showed a significant decrease in percentage point prevalence per decade in severe asthma symptoms (–0·37, 95% CI –0·69 to –0·04) and an increase in ever having asthma (1·25, 0·67 to 1·83) and night cough (4·25, 3·06 to 5·44), which was also found in children (3·21, 1·80 to 4·62). The prevalence of current wheeze decreased in low-income countries (–1·37, –2·47 to –0·27], in children and –1·67, –2·70 to –0·64, in adolescents) and increased in lower-middle-income countries (1·99, 0·33 to 3·66, in children and 1·69, 0·13 to 3·25, in adolescents), but it was stable in upper-middle-income and high-income countries. Trends in prevalence and severity of asthma symptoms over the past three decades varied by age group, country income, region, and centre. The high worldwide burden of severe asthma symptoms would be mitigated by enabling access to effective therapies for asthma. more

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Chagas Disease: Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi by a New, High-Specific Real Time PCR

Kann, S.; Kunz, M.; Hansen, J.; et al. (2020) CC

J Clin Med . 2020 May 18;9(5):1517. doi: 10.3390/jcm9051517. Chagas disease (CD) is a major burden in Latin America, expanding also to non-endemic countries. A gold standard to detect the CD causing pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi is currently not available. Existing real time polymerase chain reaction... more

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Cardiovascular Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa Compared to High-Income Countries: An Epidemiological Perspective

Yuyun, M.F.; Sliwa, K.; Kengne, A.P. et al. Global Heart (2020) CC

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the second common cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) accounting for about 35% of all deaths, after a composite of communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases. Despite prior perception of low NCDs mortality rates, current evidence suggests t... more

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Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Afshin, A.; Sur, P.J.; Fay, K.A. et al. The Lancet (2019) CC

The document presents a systematic analysis of dietary risks and their health impacts in 195 countries from 1990 to 2017. It highlights that suboptimal diets, such as those high in sodium and low in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, significantly contribute to non-communicable diseases like hear... more

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Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in India

Pradeepa, R.; Mohan, V. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology 69(11):p 2932-2938, November 2021. (2021) CC2

The burden of diabetes is high and increasing globally, and in developing economies like India, mainly fueled by the increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity and unhealthy lifestyles. The estimates in 2019 showed that 77 million individuals had diabetes in India, which is expected to rise to over... more

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Skin prick reactivity among asthmatics in East Africa

Kwizera, R.; Wadda, V.; Mugenyi, L.; et al. World Allergy Organization Jornal Volume 13, Issue 6100130June 2020 (2020) CC2

The burden of asthma in Africa is high, and yet the disease is not universally prioritised. Data on allergic asthma and its impact on asthma morbidity are limited in Africa. Our aim was to describe the distribution of skin prick positivity among asthmatics in Eastern Africa.

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Stunting as a Risk Factor of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis in Children: A Literature Review

Fauziah, N.; Ar-Rizqi, M.A.; Hana, S. et al. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases (2022) CC

As a high-burden neglected tropical disease, soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a major problem in the world, especially among children under five years of age. Since young children are at high risk of being infected, STH infection can have a long-term negative impact on their life, i... more

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Transitioning from long-stay services to community mental health networks Towards deinstitutionalization in the WHO South-East Asia Region-Bangkok, Thailand, 12–14 March 2024

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The burden of mental health conditions in the Region is high and actions are being taken by WHO to address this issue. These include the PARO Declaration (1) by the health ministers of Member States at the Seventy-fifth Session of the WHO Regional Committee for South-East Asia on universal access to... more

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Factsheet: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Americas

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2021) C_WHO

12 countries have a high TB estimated burden with an incidence rate more than 45 per 100 000 population They represent 88 of the cases in the Region In 2019 the TB case detection gap in the Region was 52 500 cases

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Cardiovascular disease risk profile and management practices in 45 low-income and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level survey data

Peiris, D.; Ghosh, A.; Manne-Goehler, J. et al. PLoS Medicine (2021) CC

Global cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden is high and rising, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Focussing on 45 LMICs, we aimed to determine (1) the adult population’s median 10-year predicted CVD risk, including its variation within countries by socio-demographic char... more

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Factsheet: The End TB Strategy - Main Indicators in the Americas

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2021) C_WHO

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Addressing comorbidity between mental disorders and major noncommunicable diseases

World Health Organization WHO; Regional Office for Europe (2017) C_WHO

Reduced healthy life expectancy due to the high burden of both mental ill health and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is a major public health concern in the European Region. The links between mental disorders and major NCDs are well established. In clinical practice, however, mental disorders in pa... more

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Controlled clinical trails in Tuberculosis

A. Jindani, A. Nunn, D. A. Enarson International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (2004)

A Guide For Multicentre Trials in High-Burden Countries

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Country perceptions for implementation of the new multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) medicines.

F. Brigden; M. Ya Diul; R. H.Crespo, L. Ditiu, A. Kurats, etc al. Stop TB Partnership to reach; Medecins Sans Frontieres (2017) C1

Report: A survey conducted among the 27 high MDR-TB burden countries. March – July 2015 Stop TB Partnership in collaboration with Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF). Accessed November 2017.

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South-East Asia Regional response framework for DR-TB, 2017-2021
recommended

World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East-Asia (2017) C_WHO

The WHO South-East Asia (‎SEA)‎ Region bears a high burden of tuberculosis (‎TB)‎ and MDR-TB. In 2015, the Region accounted for nearly 200 000 or 35% of the global estimated new RR/MDR-TB cases eligible for treatment. Extensively drug-resistant TB (‎XDRTB)‎ has also been reported from s... more

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Geographic distribution of COPD prevalence in the world displayed by Geographic Information System maps

Blanco, I.; Diego, I.; Bueno, P. et al. (2019) CC2

Existing data on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence are irregularly distributed around the world, and in many geographic regions data are scarce or even nonexistent. This fact hinders the implementation of adequate preventive and therapeutic interventions to reduce the high burd... more

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Community health workers to improve adherence to anti-seizure medication in rural South Africa: Is it cost-effective?
recommended

Wagner, R.C.; F. Norström, M. Y. Bertram et al. Epilepsia (2020) C1

Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) experience a high disease burden for epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition.The authors evaluate the cost-effectiveness of community health workers (CHWs) to improve adherence to medication for epilepsy in South Africa. They found that utilizing CHWs to i... more

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Review of the National Tuberculosis Programme: Myanmar, 7-15 November 2011

World Health Organization (WHO) (2012) C_WHO

Myanmar is one of the world’s 22 high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries, and supporting TB control in Myanmar is a global priority. This report reflects the findings, discussions, conclusions and recommendations of the fourth international review mission of the Myanmar National TB Programme (NTP)... more

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Panorama of Diabetes in the Americas

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) (2022) C_WHO

The burden of diabetes is enormous, positioning it as one of the main challenges facing public health today. Currently, it is estimated that 62 million people are living with diabetes in the Region of the Americas and projections show its prevalence will continue rising over the following years. The... more

South-East Asia Regional response framework for DR-TB, 2017-2021 recommended

Community health workers to improve adherence to anti-seizure medication in rural South Africa: Is it cost-effective? recommended

South-East Asia Regional response framework for DR-TB, 2017-2021
recommended

Community health workers to improve adherence to anti-seizure medication in rural South Africa: Is it cost-effective?
recommended