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Trends and mortality effects of vitamin A deficiency in children in 138 low-income and middle-income countries between 1991 and 2013: a pooled analysis of population-based surveys

Stevens, Gretchen; Bennett, James et al. (2015) CC

Vitamin A deficiency is a risk factor for blindness and for mortality from measles and diarrhoea in children aged 6–59 months. We aimed to estimate trends in the prevalence of vitamin A defi ciency between 1991 and 2013 and its mortality burden in low-income and middle-income countries.

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Roadmap on human resource strategies to improve newborn care in health facilities in low- and middle-income countries

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

Every year, an estimated 15 million babies are born preterm – before 37 weeks of pregnancy. That is more than 1 in 10 live births. Approximately 1 million children die each year worldwide due to complications from their early birth. Those that survive often face a lifetime of ill-health including ... more

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A step-step guide to develop national action plans for Noma prevention and control in priority countries

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa (2021) C_WHO

This updated step by step guide aims to assist the ministries of health (MoHs) in developing the national action plans for noma prevention and control, with a view to sustainably reducing the incidence of noma as a public health problem through programmes that are fully integrated with national heal... more

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Bearing the brunt: The impact of COVID-19 on older people in low- and middle-income countries – insights from 2020. Summary (Arabic)

HelpAge (2021) C1

تحمل العبء الأكبر على كبار السن في الدول ذات الدخل 19تأثير جائحة الكوفيد-2020المتدني والمتوسط - رؤى من عام The report shows that older people are not getting the healthcare treatments they desperately need. The COVID-1... more

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A Checklist for Implementing Rural Pathways to Train, Develop and Support Health Workers in Low and Middle-Income Countries

O'Sullivan, B.; et al. (2020) CC

Front. Med., 27 November 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.594728. The Checklist included eight actions for implementing rural pathways in LMICs: establishing community needs; policies and partners; exploring existing workers and scope; selecting health workers; education and training; workin... more

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Development of a checklist for implementing rural pathways to train and support health workers in low and middle income countries

O’Sullivan BG., Chater AB, Bingham A., et al. (2020) CC

This document presents an evidence-informed Checklist for implementing rural pathways to train and support the rural health workforce in low and middle income countries (LMIC). Rural areas are the most underserviced around the world.

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Testing for tuberculosis infection and screening for tuberculosis disease among incoming refugees from Ukraine to European countries

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC (2022) C1

7 April 2022. Aimed at national policymakers, public health and healthcare planners, staff working in reception centres, and healthcare staff caring for displaced persons, the information note concludes that universal testing of incoming refugees from Ukraine for tuberculosis (TB) infection is not r... more

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Health systems resilience toolkit: a WHO global public health good to support building and strengthening of sustainable health systems resilience in countries with various contexts

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

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Environmental cleaning and infection prevention and control in health care facilities in low- and middle-income countries

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Those who clean are the first line of defense against health care-associated infections (HAIs), and support efforts to reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Strengthening the training of this important group can contribute to resolving many of today’s public health challenges. This is importan... more

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Estimating total spending by source of funding on routine and supplementary immunisation activities in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: a financial modelling study

Ikilezi, G.; A. Micah; S. Bachmeier et al. Lancet (2021) CC

Childhood immunisation is one of the most cost-effective health interventions. However, despite its known value, global access to vaccines remains far from complete. Although supply-side constraints lead to inadequate vaccine coverage in many health systems, there is no comprehensive analysis of the... more

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Tracking total spending on tuberculosis by source and function in 135 low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: a financial modelling study

Su Y., Garcia Baena I., Harle A. et al. The Lancet (2020) CC

Estimates of government spending and development assistance for tuberculosis exist, but less is known about out-of-pocket and prepaid private spending. We aimed to provide comprehensive estimates of total spending on tuberculosis in low-income and middle-income countries for 2000–17.

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Trends in future health financing and coverage: future health spending and universal health coverage in 188 countries, 2016–40

Global Burden of Disease Health Financing Collaborator Network Lancet (2018) C1

Background: Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) requires health financing systems that provide prepaid pooled resources for key health services without placing undue financial stress on households. Understanding current and future trajectories of health financing is vital for progress towards ... more

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Guide posts for investment in primary health care and projected resource needs in 67 low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study

Stenberg, K.; O. Hanssen; M. Bertram et al. Lancet Glob Health (2019) C1

Background: Primary health care (PHC) is a driving force for advancing towards universal health coverage (UHC). PHC-oriented health systems bring enormous benefits but require substantial financial investments. Here, we aim to present measures for PHC investments and project the associated resource ... more

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Factors associated with the disbursements of development assistance for health in low-income and middle-income countries, 2002–2017

Moitra , M.; Cogswell, I.; Maddison, E. et al. BMJ Global Health (2021) CC

Introduction In 2017, development assistance for health (DAH) comprised 5.3% of total health spending in lowincome countries. Despite the key role DAH plays in global health-spending, little is known about the characteristics of assistance that may be associated with committed assistance that is a... more

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Use of statins for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in 41 low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative, individual-level data

Marcus, M.E.; Manne-Goehler, J.; Theilmann, M. (2022) CC

Background In the prevention of cardiovascular disease, a WHO target is that at least 50% of eligible people use statins. Robust evidence is needed to monitor progress towards this target in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where most cardiovascular disease deaths occur. The objectiv... more

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Effectiveness of community health worker training programmes for cardiovascular disease management in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Abdel-All, M; Putica, B.; Praveen, D. et al. BMJ Open (2017) CC

Introduction Community health workers (CHWs) are increasingly being tasked to prevent and manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors in underserved populations in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs); however, little is known about the required training necessary for them to ... more

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Socioeconomic status and risk of cardiovascular disease in 20 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiologic (PURE) study

Rosengren, A.; Smyth, A.; Rangarajan, S. et al. The Lancet Global Health (2019) CC

Socioeconomic status is associated with differences in risk factors for cardiovascular disease incidence and outcomes, including mortality. However, it is unclear whether the associations between cardiovascular disease and common measures of socioeconomic status—wealth and education—differ among... more

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A review of health-care waste management policies in the Western Pacific Region: key findings from selected countries and areas

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) CC

Health-care waste management is a critical aspect of health-care systems, crucial for public health and environmental sustainability. This report provides valuable insights into the existing health-care waste management frameworks across 16 countries in the Western Pacific Region. It provides an ove... more

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Risk assessment for the EU/EEA of the mpox epidemic caused by monkeypox virus clade I in affected African countries

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ecdc) (2024) CC

The monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade I epidemic that has been affecting the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) since November 2023 has recently spread to several other African countries including Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda and Kenya. The size of these outbreaks could be larger than reported due to un... more

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Burden of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and access to essential medicines in low-income and middle-income countries

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2015) CC2

Demographic and epidemiological transitions are changing the age structure of the population and the most common diseases. Non-communicable respiratory diseases are an increasing problem at both ends of the age range in low-income and middle-income countries. In children, who represent a large propo... more