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Oxfam Minimum Requirements for WASH Programmes: MR-WASH

Oxfam (2016) CC

This paper is Oxfam’s essential guide for WASH staff and partners. It describes the processes and standards that Oxfam WASH programmes should follow if they are to be carried out effectively, consistently and in a way which treats affected communities with respect. All WASH staff members are expe... more

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A Review of Needs Assessment Tools, Response Analysis Frameworks, and Targeting Guidance for Urban Humanitarian Response

Lili Mohiddin, Gabrielle Smith International Institute for Environment and Development, Norwegian Refugee Council, International Rescue Committee, World Vision (2016) C1

The magnitude of urban disasters, high population densities, and a complex social, political and institutional environment has challenged the manner in which humanitarian agencies are used to working. Humanitarian agencies are now grappling with how to change their approaches to this reality. This d... more

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Recommendations of the German Central Committee against Tuberculosis (DZK) and the German Respiratory Society (DGP) for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-tuberculous Mycobacterioses

N. Schoenfeld, W. Haas, E. Richter, et al. (2016) C2

Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik und Therapie nichttuberkulöser Mykobakteriosen des Deutschen Zentralkomitees zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose (DZK) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin (DGP). Schönfeld N et al. Recommendations of the German Central Committee… Pneumolo... more

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Regional Framework for Action on Implementation of the End TB Strategy in the Western Pacific, 2016–2020

World Health Organization, Western Pacific (2016) C_WHO

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Prevention, control and care of tuberculosis in Ukraine

World Health Organization Europe (2016) C_WHO

14–22 April 2015

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WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience. Russian Version

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO

Рекомендации ВОЗ по оказанию дородовой помощи для формирования положительного опыта беременности

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WHO assessment of tuberculosis prevention, control and care in Kazakhstan

M. van der Boom, S. Talevski World Health Organization Europe (2016) C_WHO

17–24 November 2015

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Framework for Tuberculosis control in large cities of Latin America and the Caribbean

World Health Organization; Pan American Health Organization (2016) C_WHO

Regional Tuberculosis Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO)

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Strategy, responsiveness and preparedness of the Syrian health care system in the short, mid and long term

Ebens, B., E. Fosse, M. Niechzial, et al. World Health Organisation (WHO), Regional Office for Eastern Management (2016) C_WHO

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Venezuela´s humanitarian crisis. Severe Medical and Food Shortages, Inadequate and Repressive Government Response

Human Rights Watch (2016) C1

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Influencing food environments for healthy diets

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2016) C2

Food environments are usually defined as the settings with all the different types of food made available and accessible to people as they go about their daily lives. That is, the range of food in supermarkets, small retail outlets, wet markets, street food stalls, coffee shops, tea houses, s...chool canteens, restaurants, and all the other venues where people buy and eat food. These environments differ enormously depending on the context. They can be extensive and diverse, with a seemingly endless array of options and price ranges, or they can be sparse, with very few options on offer. Because they determine what food consumers can access at a given moment in time, at what price, and with what degree of convenience, food environments both constrain and prompt the consumer’s choice.Food environments are influenced by the food systems which supply them, and vice versa. Food systems encompass the entire range of activities, people and institutions involved in the production, processing, marketing, consumption and disposal of food (FAO, 2013). They include but are not limited to food supply chains. Making food systems nutrition-sensitive can contribute to addressing all forms of malnutrition, as food systems determine whether the food needed for good nutrition are available, affordable, acceptable and of adequate quantity and quality. How closely food systems and food environments are interrelated and interdependent, and the degree to which external factors affect nutrition outcomes, varies from setting to setting.Many of today’s food systems and food environments are challenged in supporting consumer choices that are consistent with healthy diets and good nutrition. Consumers are not making choices based on nutrition and health, and poor diet is now the number one risk factor for death and disability worldwide (GBD, 2015). Food systems that do not enable healthy diets are increasingly recognized as an underlying cause of malnutrition (GLOPAN, 2016), and malnutrition, irrespective of form, has a huge cost. Economic costs associated with undernutrition are estimated at $1-2 trillion per year, about 2-3% of global GDP (FAO, 2013); the global economic cost of obesity and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases is estimated at $2 trillion per year, about 2.8% of global GDP (McKinsey, 2014). Influencing food environments for promoting healthy diets is an emerging strategy to address today’s nutrition challenges. more