Filter
3296
Filtered Results: 3296
Text search:
psychosocial
interventions
Featured
Recommendations
347
New Publications
799
Language
Document type
No document type
2014
Studies & Reports
448
Guidelines
341
Manuals
164
Strategic & Response Plan
143
Training Material
62
Situation Updates
56
Fact sheets
48
Resource Platforms
10
Brochures
5
Infographics
3
Online Courses
2
Countries / Regions
Global
119
India
107
Kenya
95
Congo, Democratic Republic of
92
Syria
73
Sierra Leone
66
South Africa
65
Liberia
63
Western and Central Europe
61
Uganda
60
Nigeria
53
Ukraine
50
Bangladesh
50
Myanmar / Burma
50
Ethiopia
49
Nepal
41
Zambia
40
Rwanda
38
Latin America and the Carribbean
38
Haiti
37
Malawi
36
South Sudan
35
Africa
34
Guinea
31
Eastern Europe
31
Tanzania
30
Mozambique
29
Central African Republic
27
Ghana
26
Senegal
26
Philippines
26
Burkina Faso
25
Zimbabwe
23
Germany
22
Asia
21
West and Central Africa
19
South–East Asia Region
19
Namibia
19
Russia
18
Yemen
17
Venezuela
16
Jordan
16
Lesotho
15
Lebanon
15
Indonesia
15
Benin
14
Mali
14
East and Southern Africa
13
Botswana
13
Afghanistan
11
Middle East and North Africa
11
Cameroon
10
Brazil
10
Colombia
9
Burundi
9
Cambodia
9
Somalia
9
Niger
8
Côte d’Ivoire / Ivory Coast
8
Madagascar
8
Eswatini/ Swaziland
8
Eastern Europe and Central Asia
7
Vietnam
7
Sri Lanka
7
Sudan
7
Georgia
7
Pakistan
7
Turkey
6
Albania
6
Iraq
6
Tajikistan
5
Thailand
5
Togo
5
Laos
5
USA
5
Palestine
5
Chad
5
North Macedonia
4
China
4
Kazakhstan
4
Canada
4
Peru
4
Papua New Guinea
4
Angola
4
Western Pacific Region
3
Portugal
3
Southern Africa
3
Moldova
3
Bhutan
3
Ecuador
3
Mexico
2
Serbia
2
Chile
2
Iran
2
Singapore
2
Estonia
2
Kyrgyzstan
2
Armenia
2
Croatia
2
Hungary
2
Lithuania
2
Turkmenistan
2
Jamaica
2
Japan
2
Belgium
2
United Kingdom
2
Belarus
2
Egypt
2
Romania
2
Greece
2
Gambia
1
Fiji
1
Congo-Brazzaville
1
Uzbekistan
1
Malaysia
1
Bulgaria
1
Italy
1
Guinea-Bissau
1
Ireland
1
Paraguay
1
Luxembourg
1
North America
1
France
1
Mauritius
1
Spain
1
Azerbaijan
1
Bosnia and Herzegovina
1
Djibouti
1
Poland
1
Honduras
1
Libya
1
Authors & Publishers
Publication Years
Category
Studies & Reports
211
Policies & Guidelines HIV & TB
209
Humanitarian Crisis
202
COVID-19
162
Policies
159
Guidelines
124
Women & Child Health
111
Humanitarian Aid
80
Capacity Building
76
Community Health
72
Disabilities
65
General Guidelines
56
Statistics
50
Non-communicable Diseases
42
Sexual Violence
38
Mental Health
34
Child protection
31
Reproductive Health
30
Disaster Preparedness
29
Protection & Security
25
HIV & STI
25
Needs Assessment
23
Key Resources
21
Palliative Care
20
Age & Elderly
20
Palliative Care
19
Under-5 nutrition
18
Child Health
18
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
18
Maternal Health
18
Food Security & Nutrition
17
Pediatrics
16
Community Health
14
Women & Child Health
14
Countries
13
Female Genital Mutilation
13
Neurology & Psychology
13
TB
13
Training Manuals
12
Disease Prevention & Control
12
Violence against Children
11
WASH
11
Paediatrics
10
Cancer
10
Primary Health Care
10
Monitoring & Evaluation
9
Information, Education and Communication (IEC)
9
Other
9
Neonatal Care
9
Maternal & Child Health
8
Public Health
7
Diabetes
7
x MEDBOX Issue Brief & Annual Reports x
7
Health Systems
7
Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation
7
Communicable Diseases
6
Gender
6
Drugs & Medical Equipment
6
Hepatitis
5
Cancer Treatment & Resources
5
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
5
Infection Control & Prevention (IPC)
5
Health System Strengthening
5
NCD
5
Hemorrhagic Fever
5
Demograhic Health Surveys DHS
5
Hygiene Promotion
5
Digital Health
4
MPOX - Monkeypox
4
Sex. & Repr. Rights
4
Menstrual Hygiene Management
4
Public Health
4
Humanitarian Aid
4
Cardiovascular Diseases
4
Dental & Eye Care
3
Emergency Health Kits
3
Neurology & Psychology
3
Dermatology
3
Annual Report MEDBOX
3
Cervical Cancer
3
Pediatric cancer
3
Surgery & Anaesthesia
3
Communicable Diseases
3
Clinical Training
2
Family Planning
2
Sanitation
2
Online Courses & Platforms
2
Breast Cancer
2
Mental Health
2
Emergency Care
2
Clinical Guidelines
2
Leprosy
2
NTDs & Others
2
Nutrition
2
Disabilities & Inclusion
2
Global Health
2
Pharmacy & Technologies
2
Helminthiasis
1
Hand Hygiene
1
Trachoma
1
Lymphaticfilariasis
1
General Guidelines
1
Vector Control
1
Other Cancer diseases
1
Nutrition
1
Non-communicable Diseases NCD
1
Neglected Tropcial Diseases NTDs
1
HIV
1
Vaccine-preventable Diseases
1
Pharmaceutical Assessments
1
Chagas
1
Medical Devices & Equipment
1
Respiratory Infections
1
Quality Control & Assurance
1
COPD/Asthma
1
Leishmaniasis
1
Water
1
Toolboxes
Country specific documents
128
Children/Adolescents Mental Disorders
124
IACAPAP International Association for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions
89
Psychosocial Support (MHPSS)
80
Psychosocial Support
61
War & Conflict
56
Children & Adolescents
56
Roadmaps, Action Plans & Policies
55
Mental Health GAP Action Programme
52
Reports & Studies
51
Assessment & Studies
47
Substance Use Disorders & Addiction
45
Assessment & Response
45
HIV in Key Populations
45
Community-based Mental Health Care
44
Eastern Europe and central Asia
41
MHPSS Guidelines
40
others
38
Neurological Disorders
37
Mental Health
36
Training Supporting Material mhGAP
36
General Studies & Reports
35
Psychosocial Support
34
Substance Use Disorders, Others
33
Policies & Programmes
31
Manuals
31
Health & Refugee
30
War, Conflict Areas & Refugees
30
Children
29
MHPSS – Psychosocial Support
29
Children's Rights
29
Training & Capacity Building
29
Treatment & Prevention
26
Training Manuals
25
Child Protection
25
Education
25
Children with Disabilities
24
Preparedness & Prevention
24
Humanitarian Crisis
23
General Mental Health Guidelines
23
Protection of Vulnerable Groups
23
Alzheimer's Disease & Dementia
23
Depression
23
mhGAP Guides
22
Best Practice Models
21
Human Rights
21
Mental Health Guidelines
21
Appeals and Response Plans
21
International
21
Africa
20
Epilepsy
20
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children
20
Prevention & Preparedness
20
Global Impact: Socio-economic, health services, TB & HIV
20
Assessment & Response
20
Self-harm & Suicide
20
Ebola Prevention & Control
19
Mental Disorders
19
Studies & Reports
19
Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV)
18
Inclusion in Humanitarian Settings
18
Latin America
18
Mental Health Studies & Reports
18
Infection Control General
18
Educational Settings
18
Asia
18
Natural Disaster
17
Posttraumatic stress disorder Adults
17
Global Overview
17
Europe
16
Social Mobilisation
16
Inclusion
16
Public Health
16
Others
16
Studies & Reports
16
Children & Mental Health
16
Community Health Workers CHW
16
Assessment & Response
15
Children with disabilities
15
Eastern Europe
15
Child Protection
15
Handbooks & Manuals
15
Humanitarian Crisis
15
Situation Reports & Updates
15
Protection
15
Psychosocial Support
15
Policies
14
Videos & Online Courses
14
Discrimination & Stigma
14
Mental Health
14
Hospital Readiness/Essential Health Services
14
Asia
14
Situation Reports & Updates
14
Cyclones Idai & Kenneth
14
Prevention & Control
13
Schizophrenia
13
Situation Reports & Updates
13
Nurses
13
Epilepsy
13
Mental disorders, others
13
Policy
13
HIV in Children and mental health
12
Clinical Aspects, Treatment & Prevention
12
Key Resources
12
Diagnosis & Treatment PTSD in Children
12
Human Rights, Stigma & Discrimination
12
Gender Aspects
12
Alcohol
11
Global Mental Health
11
People who injecting Drugs
11
Climate & Health
11
For Older People
11
Guidelines
11
Palliative Care
11
Humanitarian Aid Guidelines
11
General
11
Anxiety Disorders
11
Eastern and Southern Africa
11
Disability Rights & Convention
10
General Reports
10
HIV testing & services
10
Clinical Aspects
10
Stress
10
Medical professionals
10
For Health Worker
10
Children & Mental Health
10
Studies & Reports
10
Modules
10
Best Practice Examples
10
Reports & Studies Children HIV
10
Unaccompanied Refugee Minors
10
Neurological disorders, Others
10
Inclusion
9
Violence & Protection
9
Mental Health
9
Interculturality
9
Transgender People
9
Africa
9
Women's Mental Health
9
Child Friendly Spaces (CFS)
9
General
9
RCCE Guides & Manuals
9
Women
9
Policies & Strategies
9
Community Worker
9
Bipolar Affective Disorders
9
Background PTSD in children
8
Opoids
8
Orphans & vulnerable children
8
Communication & Training
8
Men who have sex with men (MSM)
8
Sexual Abuse
8
Treatment Guidelines
8
Universal Health Coverage UHC and 90-90-90 Strategy
8
For Parents & Children
8
For Migrants & Refugees
8
Coping with Stress
8
HIV &TB
8
Guidelines & Manuals
8
Situation Reports & Updates
8
TB & Prisoners
8
Assessment & Response
8
Disaster Preparedness & Prevention
8
Public Health Administration
8
Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR)
8
Lobby and Advocacy
8
Drugs
7
Intellectual Disability
7
HIV testing & disclosure
7
Human Rights
7
Situation Reports COVID-19
7
Others
7
Midwives
7
Health Impact & Climate Change
7
Studies & Reports
7
Prevention & Strategies
7
Asia and Pacific
7
Autism
7
Malnutrition
7
HIV service delivery
7
Policies & Strategies
6
Latin America
6
Treatment Guidelines HIV
6
Social Worker
6
HIV
6
El Niño
6
Technical Information
6
Psychosocial Support
6
IEC Substance Use Disorders
6
Risk Communication & Community Engagement
6
COVID-19
6
Camps and Camp-like Settings
6
Physical Distancing
6
Health Care Professionals & Spirituality
6
Community Health
6
At Home
6
Long-term Care Facilities
6
Studies & Reports
6
War Surgery & Wound Care
6
TB/HIV Coinfection
6
Overview & Statistics
6
Antiretroviral Treatment ART
6
Infection Control
6
Capacity Building
6
SEAR (South-east Asia Region)
6
Violence & Child Trafficking
5
Studies & Reports
5
Natural Disasters
5
Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation
5
WASH
5
Prevention Guidelines
5
Refugee
5
Shelter & Reconstruction
5
Adherence
5
Key Resources
5
Toolkit on disability for Africa
5
Topics
5
Cannabis
5
Clinical Guidelines
5
Surveillance & Contact tracing
5
Palliative Care
5
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
5
Self-care
5
Extreme Situations
5
Advocacy & Communication
5
Guidelines General
5
Climate Change General
5
Clean air
5
Pediatrics
5
Women & Maternal Health
5
Mental Health
5
WASH Water Sanitation & Hygiene
5
Best Practice Examples
5
Health Worker
5
Health Financing Toolbox
5
Prevention & Strategies
5
Clinical Aspects & Diagnosis
5
Postexposure Prophylaxis (PEP), Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)
5
Policies and guidelines
5
Conflict
5
Disease Prevention & Control
5
For Community Health Workers
5
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT)
5
Eastern Europe & Central Asia
5
Gynaecology / Obstetrics
4
Behaviour Change/Life Skill Education
4
ART Drug Resistance
4
IPC
4
Chemical Attacks
4
Adults
4
Clinical Guidelines
4
Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation
4
TB & Other Vulnerable Populations
4
Sitreps & Updates
4
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
4
Mental Health Online Resources
4
Reports
4
Sex Worker
4
For People with Disabilities
4
Workplace
4
Stigmatisation
4
Tips & Best Practice Examples
4
Others
4
Stress
4
Situation Reports& Updates
4
Planetary Health
4
Ukraine
4
Health Care In Conflict Settings
4
MPOX - Monkeypox
4
Appeals & Response Plans
4
General Information & Methodology
4
Clinical Aspects & Diagnosis
4
General
4
Assistive devices & technologies
4
Best Pratice Examples
4
Guidelines CBR
4
Preparedness & Prevention
4
Kenya
4
Universal Health Coverage & Primary Health Care
4
Public Health
3
Outbreak Prevention & Control
3
Clinical Guidelines
3
Male Circumcision
3
Childhood TB
3
Plague Situation Reports
3
Faith-based Organizations
3
Surgery & Rehabilitation
3
Statistics & Data
3
Opportunistic Infections
3
Humanitarian Settings
3
Measures ICF/ Model Disability Survey
3
Training
3
Syria
3
Workplace
3
General
3
PPE Personel Protective Equipment
3
Mental Health & Psychosocial Support
3
Food and Nutrition
3
Paediatrics
3
Children
3
HIV and COVID-19
3
Medical & Community Masks
3
Gambling
3
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs)
3
Long COVID/ Post-COVID Syndrome
3
Others
3
Others
3
Ethics
3
Resources Kreyol Earthquake Haiti
3
Spirituality
3
Guiding documents and principles
3
Disaster, Migration and Conflict
3
Climate Change
3
Others
3
Non-communicable Diseases NCD
3
Others
3
MPOX - Monkeypox
3
Strategies & Roadmaps
3
Studies & Reports
3
Clinical Aspects & Diagnosis
3
Detection & Diagnosis
3
Cerebral Palsy
3
General Aspects
3
Malawi
3
Mental Health
3
IEC Material Children HIV
3
Vision Loss & Blindness
3
HIV and coinfection
3
Nigeria
3
Zika Prevention & Control
3
WASH
3
Safe Burials
3
Volunteers
3
Food & Nutrition
3
Risk Communication & Community Engagement
3
Communication & Training
3
Communication & Social Mobilisation
2
Communication & Training
2
Moldova
2
Influenza Prevention & Control
2
Physical Disability
2
Ukraine
2
Context & Facts
2
South Sudan
2
Influenza
2
Germany
2
Assessment & Response
2
National Policies
2
Stigma & Discrimination
2
South Sudan
2
For Health Professionals
2
International
2
Global
2
Ebola & Marburg
2
Ebola
2
Advocacy
2
Health Equity & Equality
2
Drug resistance
2
Child Health / Pediatrics
2
HIV / AIDS
2
Yemen
2
Sustainable Development Goals
2
Key Resources
2
Health Personnel
2
General
2
Context & Facts, Travel Advice
2
Risk Communication & Community Engagement
2
For General Public & Community
2
COVID-19
2
Prison & Detention
2
Humanitarian Aid
2
Resource Platforms others
2
COVID-19
2
LGBTI*
2
COVID-19 Vaccination
2
TB/HIV
2
Primary Care
2
Wound management
2
Urban health
2
Essential Medicines & Devices Lists
2
Pharmacy Management
2
Strategies
2
Clinical Guidelines
2
Cancer
2
Intensive Care Unit
2
Health Care Systems
2
Information Refugees Ukraine
2
General
2
Nuclear & Chemical Hazards
2
More Information Refugee and Health
2
Global Impact of war
2
MPOX -Monkeybox Prevention & Control
2
NTDs
2
Studies & Reports
2
Clinical Aspects & Diagnostics
2
Prevention & Control
2
Patient Safety
2
Overview, Studies & Reports
2
Access to treatment and laboratory
2
Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR)
2
Prevention & Strategies
2
Clinical Aspects & Diagnosis
2
Prevention & Strategies
2
Drug resistant TB
2
Hearing Loss & Deafness
2
Prophylactic Treatment
2
Prevention
2
Situation Reports & Updates
2
Training
2
Disability (CBR)
2
Health Care Systems
2
Latin America & the Carribean
2
Situation Reports
2
Tajikistan
2
Western & Central Europe
2
Epidemiology
2
WASH
2
Communication Tools
2
Paediatrics
2
Situation Reports, others
2
Gender Aspects
1
Cholera Situation Reports
1
Cocaine
1
Policies & Strategies
1
HIV support organizations
1
Biosafety
1
Meningitis Prevention & Control
1
TB & Drug Abuse
1
Laboratory Guidance
1
Accessibility
1
IEC Materials General
1
Azerbaijan
1
Communication & Training
1
HIV surveillance
1
South Africa
1
WPRO (Western Pacific Region)
1
For Project Management
1
Plague
1
Neuropsychology of Trauma
1
Capacitiy Building
1
Eating Disorders
1
Stroke
1
Natural Hazards
1
Legislative Texts
1
Curricula & Core Competencies
1
Diverse Chemical Substances
1
Sexually Transmitted Infections
1
Germany
1
Cholera Prevention & Control
1
IEC Materials
1
Rwanda
1
African Region
1
Mozambique
1
Children
1
Georgia
1
Clinical aspects
1
Public Health
1
Microcephaly
1
Country Guidelines
1
Information for different audiences
1
Laboratory & Sampling
1
Russia
1
Ethiopia
1
International
1
Laboratory
1
Clinical Guidelines
1
Context & Facts
1
Supporting tools
1
Risk Communication
1
Online Courses & Resources
1
COVID-19
1
Hand Hygiene
1
Diagnostics & Laboratory Guidance
1
Covid-19 & the One Health Approach
1
Volunteer Engagement
1
COVID-19 Information
1
For Pregnant Women
1
Training, others
1
Faith-based Organizations
1
Comics
1
Country-specific Platforms
1
Principles of Solidarity
1
Option for the Poor
1
Sustainability
1
General Background
1
Vaccination & Strategy
1
Access & Strategy
1
Communication Material
1
Ebola Treatment Center
1
Fair Allocation & Ethical Aspects
1
TB/COVID-19
1
Vaccine Hesitancy & Myths
1
Structural Violence
1
Caregiver
1
Hand Hygiene
1
Sanitation
1
Health Promotion
1
Biodiversity shift
1
Reports
1
Food & Nutrition
1
Overview & reports
1
Mobility
1
Essential Medicines
1
Pharmaceutical Assessments
1
Pharmacy Practice
1
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
1
Biogeochemical flows
1
Agriculture incl. animal husbandry
1
Prevention & Measures
1
Zoonoses
1
General
1
Education Principles
1
Ethics
1
Heat
1
COVID-19
1
Psychosocial Support
1
Emergency health kits
1
Chagas
1
Leishmaniasis
1
Pakistan Flood 2022
1
Capacity Building & Resources
1
Capacity Building & Resources
1
Clinical Aspects & Diagnostics
1
Clinical Aspects & Diagnostics
1
Statistics & Facts
1
Studies & Reports
1
Studies & Reports
1
Earthquake in Türkiye and the Syrian Arab Republic
1
West and central Africa
1
Awareness
1
Statistics & Facts
1
Studies & Reports
1
Clinical Aspects & Diagnosis
1
Alcohol Consumption
1
Physical Condition
1
Information & Education Material (IEC)
1
Studies & Reports
1
General
1
Botswana
1
Co-Morbidities (except TB)
1
CBM Inclusive Project Cycle Management Training
1
Contact Tracing
1
Zika
1
Technical Information
1
Ghana
1
Regional Reports & Guidelines, others
1
Human Rights & the Right to Health
1
IEC Material Children
1
Global Health Education
1
AR (African Region)
1
Education of students & professionals
1
Urbanization
1
Research & Access
1
Poster
1
Testing Guidelines
1
Assessment Tools
1
Tobacco
1
Others
1
Yellow Fever Situation Report
1
Kazakhstan
1
Stigma
1
Learning Disabilities
1
South-east Asia Region
1
Planetary Health
1
Marburg Virus Situation Reports
1
Key Resources
1
Maps
1
Planetary Health
1
Chikungunya
1
Case Definitions
1
Prisoners
1
Meningitis & Encephalitis
1
Social Determinants of Health
1
Public Health
1
Public Health
1
Reproductive Health
1
Urban Health
1
Plague Prevention & Control
1
Apps
1
The government of Kazakhstan has committed to ensuring that children with disabilities have access to inclusive education and it has taken the important step of ratifying international human rights treaties enshrining the rights of people with disabilities, including the right of children with disab...
Cinquième Enquête Démographique et de Santé au Bénin (EDSB-V) 2017-2018
Accessed: 08.11.2020
In early 2015, the Americas region began to experience a surge in migration flows due in large part to the rise of people emigrating from Venezuela in response to the country’s faltering economy. This swell in migration continued in the years following, as the number of Venezuelans living in Latin...
he refugee flow to Ethiopia continued during 2018, with 36,1351 persons seeking safety and protection within the country’s borders. At the start of 2019, the nation hosted 905,8312 thousand refugees who were forced to flee their homes as a result of insecurity, political instability, military cons...
This Guide provides practical guidance for governments regarding how to effectively communicate with communities during the recovery phase following an emergency. It explains how to identify communication needs, and presents “best fit” communication methods and strategies to deploy to support Di...
Accessed: 26.10.2019
Данное руководство представляет собой попытку объединения проверенных универсальных подходов к оказанию психологической и психиатрической помощи в чрезвыча...
La crise humanitaire que traverse la Centrafrique demeure complexe. Un total de 621 035 personnes sont déplacées à l’intérieur du pays et 572 984 personnes dans les pays voisins à la fin du mois d’août 2018. Le nombre de personnes dans le besoin est passé de 2,5 millions à 2,9 millions d...
The Guide to operationalize HIV viral load testing HIV presents 60 lessons learnt from the project in a systemic approach including: viral load strategy, laboratories, procurement and supply management, patient care and economy.
Ce document est consolidé par OCHA pour le compte de l’Équipe humanitaire pays et des partenaires humanitaires. Il présente une compréhension commune de la crise, notamment les besoins humanitaires les plus pressants et le nombre estimé de personnes ayant besoin d’assistance. Il constitue u...
On 31st December 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) China Country Office was informed of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology (unknown cause) detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. On 7th January 2020, Chinese authorities identified a new strain of Coronavirus as the causative age...
Based on Human Rights Watch (HRW)'s reporting on the human rights dimensions of the COVID-19 pandemic (see Related Summary, and the video, below), this document presents 40 questions to provoke thinking about a rights-respecting response to the crisis. The questions address the needs - including aro...
Accessed on 21.05.2020
Considering a hotline? This set of tools will help you assess, set up and manage different types of channels to communicate with communities during humanitarian crises.
Monitoring and evaluation framework
recommended
COVID‑19 strategic preparedness and response
The United Nations Network on Migration is committed to supporting all partners in pursuit of the implementation of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration, recognizing that this cooperative framework provides an invaluable tool for ensuring inclusive, collective responses to COVI...
Refugee protection in the country is provided within the framework of these international and national refugee laws as well as the core international human rights treaties that have been ratified by the country. Continued insecurity within neighbouring states has resulted in sustained refugee moveme...
Recommendations on the management of diabetes mellitis during the COVID-19 pandemic
WHY THIS GUIDE?
Because, in the face of crises and emergencies, it is vital to include a human rights perspective in responses. Vulnerable groups face major obstacles to accessing and benefiting from prevention, mitigation, and health care policies due to structural barriers of inequality. To offer...
