Dennis Falzon, Elizabeth Harausz, Ernesto Jaramillo et al.
1
Dennis, C.
1
Deparment of Health, South Africa
1
Department of Health
1
Department of Agriculture Development & Farmers Welfare
1
Department of Health
1
Department of Health & Department of Basic Education, Republic of South Africa
1
Department of Health & Human Services
1
Department of Health and Human Services
1
Department of Health, Province of Kwazulu-Natal
1
Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Gabarone, Botswana
1
Department: Agriculture, Foresty and Fisheries - Republic of South Africa
1
Department: Health Republic of South Africa
1
Departments of Health and Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries for the Republic of South Africa
1
Dept of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries, South Africa
1
Dept. of Health
1
Dept. of HIV and AIDS
1
Dept. of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
1
Deutsche Gesellschaft fü
1
Deutsches Zentralkomitee zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose
1
Development of Health and Human Services USA
1
Devipriya, J.
1
Dharini Bhuvanendra
1
Dheda, K.
1
DHS Program
1
Diagnostics and Laboratory Technology
1
Diallo A., D. L. Dahourou, T. T. E. Dah et al.
1
Diel, R., G. Loytved, A.Nienhaus, et al.
1
Dione D., L. Toure, G. Maynard-Tucker
1
Direction général de la pharmacie, du médicament et des laboratoires
1
Directorate General of Drug Administration,, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, People's Republic of Bangladesh
1
Directorate General of Health Services , Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India
1
Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India
1
Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh
1
Directorate of Public Health and the Mycobacteria Group
1
Division of International Protection
1
Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Coordinating Center for Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services,
1
Divisions of Community Health Services, UNICEF
1
Donatien Beguy 1 , Joyce Mumah , Salome Wawire , Kanyiva Muindi 1, Lindsey Gottschalk and Caroline W. Kabiru
1
DOTS, WHO
1
Doubova SV, Leslie HH, Kruk ME, et al.
1
DR
1
Dr F Siyoi, Dr C Forshaw, Dr J Mbuva ,Dr M Thuo, Dr N Mucheru, Dr E Ominde-Ogaja, Dr R Mbindyo, Mrs R Kirika
1
Dr T Apalata, Dr C Bamford, Mr D Benjamin et al.
1
Dr. A. Kumar
1
Dr. B. Camara
1
Dr. C. V. Dharma Rao
1
Dr. I. Chikovani
1
Dr. J. Rule
1
Dr. Joseph Sitienei OGW
1
Dr. K. Asiedu
1
Dr. M. Dara
1
Dr. M. Gurung
1
Dr. M. Kavtaradze, Dr. S. Ciobanu
1
Dr. Martin Sirengo
1
Dr. N. Shengelia
1
Dr. Nathan Kenya Mugisha, Ministry of Health Uganda
1
Dr. P. Amoth
1
Dr. R. S. Gupta
1
Dr. Raviglione, M.
1
Dr. S. Eyangoh et. al.
1
Dr. S. Godinjak
1
Dr. S. K. Kibias
1
Dr. Scherpbier, R.
1
Dr. Vernet G
1
Dr. Z. Cardaklija
1
Druetz T.
1
Drug Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia Contents
1
Drug War Facts
1
Dunn, L., Chea
1
Durrheim, D.
1
Dutra, W.
1
D’A. Richardson
1
D’Arcy Richardson, PATH, and Greg Pirio, Empower Communications
1
E Clinical Medecine (Published by the Lancet)
1
E. André
1
E. Chiappini
1
E. Corbett
1
E. Goldson, Z. Abubakar et al.
1
E. Kalinichenko
1
E. Masaki
1
E. Pavlenko, A. Barbova, A. Hovhannesyan, et al.
1
E. Puca
1
E. Ruadze
1
E. Subata
1
E. Subata,
1
E. Tambo
1
E. Toska, et al.
1
E. Venturini
1
E. Zhou
1
E.G. Brown Jr, D.S. Dooley, K. Smith
1
E.Z Asbu, O. Walker and J. M Kirigia, et al.
1
EACS European AIDS Clinical Society
1
ec al.
1
ECDC European Center for disease prevention and control
Eliud Wandwalo, Management Sciences for Health Claire Moodie, Management Sciences for Health Yared Kebede Haile, KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation Amos Kutwa, KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation Odile Ferroussier, Union internationale contre la tuberculose et les maladies respiratoires Chawalit Natpratan, Family Health International
1
Elizabeth Glaser Foundation
1
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
1
Elizabeth Lamond, and Jesee Kinyanjui
1
Elsevier Editora Ltda.
1
Elsevier Ltd
1
EMTCT Global Validation Advisory Committee, Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes
1
END TBc1
1
EngenderHealt;
1
ENN
1
Epilepsia
1
EQUINET
1
Erik Blas, Johannes Sommerfeld and Anand Sivasankara Kurup
1
Erika Duffell, Igor Toskin
1
Essack S.Y., A.T. Desta, R.E. Abotsi et al.
1
et al. (Джеймса Баера
1
et al.)
1
etc al.
1
Ethiopia, Ministry of Health
1
Ethiopian Food, Medicine and Healthcare Administration and Control Authority
1
Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
1
Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute
1
Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
1
European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership EDCTTP
1
European Academies Science Advisory Council
1
European AIDS Clinical Society
1
European AIDS Treatment Group
1
European Association for the Study of the Liver
1
European Asylum Support Office
1
European Center for Disease Control ECDC
1
European Commission
1
European Commission Humanitarian Aid
1
European Court of Human Rights
1
European Network for Diagnostics of Imported Viral Diseases
1
European Public Health Association
1
European Respiratory Society
1
European specialist nurse organisation (ESN)
1
European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights
1
Eurosurveillance (Europe’s journal on infectious disease epidemiology, prevention and control)
1
Evangelina IN, Inês T, Miguelhete L et al
1
Evans, Timothy Grant
1
Evert, J.
1
Evidence to Action
1
Extended Programme on Immunisation NDoH
1
École de Santé Publique de l’Université de Kinshasa
1
F. Becerra
1
F. Biadglegne, U. Sack, A. C. Rodloff
1
F. Fezeu
1
F. Kiweewa, A.Dasgupta
1
F. M. Arenas, P. Loock
1
F. Nakagawa
1
F. Norström, M. Y. Bertram et al.
1
F. Pérez
1
F. Portaels
1
F. Verde
1
F.Simona,E.Javellea ,A.Cabie, et al.
1
F1000Research
1
Facts Standard of Care for HIV and Coinfections in Europe
1
Family Health International (FHI)
1
Fanjul, G.
1
Fast-Track Cities
1
FDI World Dental Federation
1
Featherstone, A.
1
Federal Bureau of Prisons
1
Federal democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Health
1
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health
1
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health
1
Federal Government
1
Federal Ministry of Health - Nigeria Centre for Disease Contro
1
Federal Ministry of Health - Nigeria Centre for Disease Control
1
Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia
1
Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
1
Federal Ministry of Health, Dept. of Public Health, National HIV
1
Federal Ministry of Health, Federal Republic of Nigeria
1
Fene, F.
1
Fédération internationale des Sociétés de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge
1
Fiona Samuels and Svetlana Ancker
1
Fitzgerald, F.
1
Flavia Bustreo, Marie-Paule Kieny, Lale Say et al.
1
Fleischer, K. et al.
1
Fleischer, K., et al.
1
Flying Publisher, Boehringer Ingelheim
1
Fonds des Nations Unies pour l’enfance (UNICEF)
1
Food and Agriculture Organization
1
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO, World Health Organization WHO
1
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO, World Health Organization WHO and World Organisation for Animal Health OiE
1
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO, World Health Organization WHO, World Organisation for Animal Health
1
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
1
Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project (FANTA-2)
1
Food for the Hungry et al.
1
Food, Medicine and Healthcare Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia
1
Forde, Ian
1
Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada
1
Formation VIH
1
Forsyth, C.
1
Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders
1
Francesca Bonino and Ian Christoplos
1
Francis Aboagye-Nyame, Heather Alexander, Zelalem Gizachew Belachew et al.
German Bishops' Conference Research Group on International Church Affairs
1
German HIV Practice Collection (GHPC), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)
1
Germano MP, Elena F, Ndlovu N et al
1
Germany’s National Public Health Institute (RKI), et al.
1
GFDRR
1
GHAIN Global HIV
1
Ghana Health Service (GHS)
1
Ghana Health Service, et al.
1
Ghana Prisons
1
Ghana Statistical Service Ghana Health Service Accra, Ghana
1
Ghana, Ministry of Health
1
GHSA
1
Girum T., Wasie A. and Worku A.
1
Gjergji, M.
1
Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership—Tanzania Working Group
1
Global Tuberculosis Proqramme, World Health Organization
1
Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (Gavi)
1
Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS)
1
Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis & Malaria is mandatory
1
Global Health Action
1
Global Health Institute, University of California
1
global health workforce alliance
1
Global Laboratory Initiative (GLI), Stop TB Partnership
1
Global MICS Programme
1
Global Network of People Living with HIV (GNP+), International Community of Women Living with HIV (ICW) et al.
1
Global Preparedness Monitoring Board
1
Global Task Force on Cholera
1
Global Task Force On Cholera Control (GTFCC)
1
Globalization and Health
1
GOAL
1
GOARN Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) Coordination Working Group, et al.
1
Golden, A.
1
Gollob, K.
1
Goverment of Lesotho
1
Goverment of the Netherlands
1
Governement of Nepal, Ministry of Health
1
Governement of Nepal, Ministry of Health and Population
1
Governement of Nepal, Ministry of Health and Population, Department of Health Services
1
Government of India, Central Tuberculosis Division
1
Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Department of Health & Family Welfare
1
Government of Indonesia
1
Government of Lesotho
1
Government of Lesotho, World Health Organization (WHO) & United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
1
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Family Health Division
1
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population National Center for AIDS and STD Control
1
Government of Nepal, Ministry of Health and Population, National Centre for AIDS and STD Control
1
Government of Nepal,Ministry of Health and Population, Department of Health Services
1
Government of Nigeria
1
Government of Nigeria Health Cluster World Health Organization
1
Government of Papua New Guinea
1
Government of Sierra Leone
1
GOVERNMENT OF SIERRA LEONE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SANITATION
1
Government of Sierra Leone, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Health Education Division
1
Government of Sierra Loene, WHO
1
Government of Southern Sudan, Ministry of Health
1
Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
1
Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland Ministry of Health
1
Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland Ministry of Health, the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, USAID, and SPS
1
Government of the Netherlands
1
Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh DGHS Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
1
Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Directorate General of Health Services
1
Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate General of Health Services
1
Government of the Republic of Zambia
1
Government of the Syrian Arab Republic, UN Development Programme
1
Government of Timor-Leste
1
Grimshaw, J. M.
1
Gromek K., Hung M., Montero N. et al
1
Gupta, A.
1
Guzek, John
1
Guzman-Vilca, W. C.
1
H, Getahun
1
H. Bailey et al.
1
H. Bergmann
1
H. Drobna, C. Mallouris
1
H. E. Jenkins, V. Crudu, V. Soltan, et al.
1
H. Flynn
1
H. Garrison-Desany
1
H. H. Nguyen
1
H. Hafizi
1
H. Huerga
1
H. Ingold
1
H. Marval-Ospino
1
H. S. Faich Dini
1
H. Sakamoto
1
H. Yeboah
1
H.d Sobel
1
H.E. Drummer
1
H.Getahun
1
H.L. Nguyen
1
H6 Partnership
1
Haider, N.
1
HAL archives ouvertes
1
Hannah Faal, Rènée du Toit, Henrietta Monye, Ronnie Graham
1
Hans L. Rieder, Armand Van Deun, Kai Man Kam, Sang Jae Kim, T. Martin Chonde, Arnaud Trébucq, Richard Urbanczik
1
Harm Reduction International
1
Harvard Global Health Institute
1
HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT GOVERNMENT OF ODISHA
1
Health & Family Welfare, Government of Kerala
1
Health Cluster, WHO
1
Health Communication Capacity Collaborative
1
Health Infrastructure Division
1
Health Policy Plus
1
Health Policy Project
1
Health Poverty Action
1
HEART (Health & Education Advice and Resource Team
1
HEAT, UNICEF, Open University, AMREF
1
Heliyon
1
Hellen Gelband,Jha Prabhat, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan et al.
1
HelpAge
1
HelpAge International Myanmar, University of Public Health and University of Medicine-2
1
Hendrik CJ van Rensburg
1
Henninger, B.
1
Henry B. Perry, Ranu S. Dhillon, Anne Liu, et al.
1
Henry Perry
1
Hepatology Society of the Philippines
1
Hepatology Society of the Philippines (HSP)
1
Herazo, F.
1
Hélène Fagherazzi-Pagel
1
Hhary, EP.
1
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
1
HIV Economics Reference Group
1
HIV i-Base
1
HIV Self-Testing Africa Initiative
1
hivma
1
Hoffmann, C.
1
Hossain, I.
1
Hoviyeh Afnan-Holmes, Moke Magoma, Theopista John, et al.
1
Hsia Y., B. R Lee, A. Versporten, et al
1
Hua Fu
1
Human Scientific Research Council HSRC South Africa
1
Humanitarian Country Team in Myanmar
1
Humanitarian Practice Network at ODI
1
Humanitarian Response et al.
1
I. Bozicevic
1
I. Couto
1
I. Demchenko
1
I. Eramova
1
I. Fronteira
1
I. Hall
1
I. Henry
1
I. Mokrousov, (St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute)
1
I. Osoianu
1
I. Sazonova
1
I. Semini
1
I. Steffens
1
IACAPAP
1
IAPB Africa
1
IASC, Global Nutrition Cluster, UNICEF
1
IATT
1
IAWG on Reproductive Health in Crises, IPPF, JSI, et al.
1
IBFAN-GIFA, Fondation Terre des hommes, et al.
1
ICAP
1
ICF
1
ICF International Calverton, Maryland, USA
1
ICF International, et al.
1
ICF Macro
1
ICRC
1
Idro R, Musubire K A, Byamah Mutamba B
1
IDSA, HIVMA, et al.
1
IGAT Hope INC.
1
ILEP International Federation of Anti-Leprosy Associations
1
ILO International Labour Organization
1
iMedPub Journals
1
Inconnu
1
Independent Review Team
1
Indian Academy of Paediatrics
1
Indian Council of Medical Research
1
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
1
Indian Council of Medical Research - Department of Health Research
1
Indian Council of Medical Research India
1
Indian Society of Nephrology
1
Indonesian Drug Users Network
1
Indonesian National AIDS Commission
1
Infections & Morbidities
1
Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)
1
Inserm
1
Institut de Médecine Tropicale, Université de Bordeau
1
Institut für Allgemeinmedizin Charité
1
Institute for Community Inclusion at University of Massachusetts
1
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
1
Institute for Public Policy Research
1
Institute for research in international assistance
1
Institute for Security Studies ISS
1
Institute i Shendentit Publik Tirane
1
Institute of Medicine (US)
1
Instituti Shendetit Public
1
Institutul National de Sanatate Publica
1
Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC, IFRC, IOM, WHO
1
Inter-Agency Task Team to Adress HIV in Humanitarian Emergencies
1
Inter-agency Working Group on Reproductive Health in Crises
1
Interagency Task Team HIV in Humanitarian Emergencies
1
International AIDS Society (IAS)
1
International Alert/ГІП-Тбілісі/Лондонською школою гігієни і тропічної медицини
1
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
1
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Water and Sanitation Mission Assistant
1
International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and Macro International
1
International Journal of Current Research
1
International Journal of Mental Health Systems
1
International Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination
1
International Pediatric Nephrology Association (IPNA)
1
International Pharmaceutical Federation FIP
1
International Rescue Committee
1
International Union against Tuberculose and Lung Disease
1
International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union)
1
International Vaccines Task Force (IVTF)
1
IntraHealth International
1
IOM UN Migration
1
IPAS
1
IPPF ESEAOR, UNFPA
1
Iribarren, S.
1
Iris (Institutional Repository)
1
Irish Aid
1
Irish Penal Refurm Trust
1
IvanBastian, Martien Borgdorff, Tine Demeulenaere et al.
1
Izumi Nakamitsu et al.
1
J Epidemiol Community Health
1
J. A. Caminero, A. Van Deun, P. I. Fujiwara, et. al
1
J. Amon
1
J. Ananworanich
1
J. B. Farhat
1
J. Baer
1
J. Begovac
1
J. Begovacc
1
J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
J. Bueno de Mesquita
1
J. Buntine
1
J. Burnett
1
J. D. Lundgren
1
J. Dee
1
J. Gao
1
J. Hourcade Bellocq
1
J. J. C. Nuttal, B. S. Eley
1
J. Langer and J. Slawomirski
1
J. Lindeman
1
J. M. Garcia Calleja
1
J. M. Humphrey
1
J. Noeske
1
J. Palacio-Vieira
1
J. R. Busza
1
J. R. Rasolofomanana, J. P. Rakotovao, E. Bazant, et al.
1
J. V. Ershova, G. V. Volchenkov, D. A. Kaminski, et al.
1
J. Wasserheit, H. Schünemann, et cl.
1
J. Wolf
1
Publication Years
2020-2024
636
2010-2019
2147
2000-2009
272
1990-1999
10
1940-1989
1
Category
Policies & Guidelines HIV & TB
343
Studies & Reports
298
Policies
278
Guidelines
156
Statistics
133
Women & Child Health
77
COVID-19
75
Community Health
65
Drugs & Medical Equipment
60
Humanitarian Crisis
58
Capacity Building
53
HIV & STI
49
TB
48
Disease Prevention & Control
39
Demograhic Health Surveys DHS
37
Countries
25
Hepatitis
24
Pediatrics
23
Maternal Health
23
Infection Control & Prevention (IPC)
21
Vaccine-preventable Diseases
21
Reproductive Health
20
Humanitarian Aid
19
General Guidelines
18
Paediatrics
16
Health Systems
15
Community Health
14
Child Health
13
General Guidelines
12
Under-5 nutrition
11
Cancer
11
Other
11
Needs Assessment
11
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
11
Women & Child Health
11
NTDs & Others
11
Neonatal Care
11
Malaria
9
Global Health
9
Public Health
8
Clinical Guidelines
8
Leishmaniasis
8
Food Security & Nutrition
8
Communicable Diseases
7
Monitoring & Evaluation
7
Palliative Care
7
Maternal & Child Health
7
Virology
7
Information, Education and Communication (IEC)
7
WASH
7
Respiratory Infections
7
Immunization
7
Key Resources
7
Disaster Preparedness
6
Bacteriology
6
NCD
6
Yellow Fever
6
Palliative Care
6
Quality Control & Assurance
6
Surgery & Anaesthesia
6
Communicable Diseases
6
Protection & Security
6
Clinical Training
5
Public Health
5
Sanitation
5
Dermatology
5
Cervical Cancer
5
MPOX - Monkeypox
5
Chagas
5
Hemorrhagic Fever
5
Disabilities
5
Nutrition
5
Parasitology
5
Dental & Eye Care
4
Family Planning
4
Hand Hygiene
4
Hematology
4
Vector Control
4
Diarrhoeal Disease/Cholera
4
Dengue
4
Digital Health
3
Pharmacy & Technology
3
Other Cancer diseases
3
Cancer Treatment & Resources
3
Sex. & Repr. Rights
3
Health System Strengthening
3
Medical Devices & Equipment
3
Waste Management
3
Primary Health Care
3
Non-communicable Diseases
3
Water
3
Age & Elderly
3
Rabies
2
Helminthiasis
2
x MEDBOX Issue Brief & Annual Reports x
2
Breast Cancer
2
Sexual Violence
2
Pharmaceutical Assessments
2
Child protection
2
Mental Health
2
Diarrhoea
2
Pharmacy & Technologies
2
Hygiene Promotion
2
Buruli Ulcer
1
Diabetes
1
Taeniasis/ Cysticercosis
1
Gender
1
Schistosomiasis
1
Laboratory Waste
1
Pediatric cancer
1
COVID-19
1
IEC Material
1
Humanitarian Aid
1
Cardiovascular Diseases
1
Training Manuals
1
COPD/Asthma
1
Leprosy
1
Laboratory Quality Assurance
1
Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation
1
Toolboxes
Reports & Studies
145
Eastern Europe and central Asia
104
Country specific documents
54
Country specific
48
HIV in Key Populations
47
Children & Adolescents
36
Prevention & Control
35
TB & Prisoners
34
Detection & Diagnosis
31
Global Impact: Socio-economic, health services, TB & HIV
29
Assessment & Studies
28
TB/HIV Coinfection
27
Adults
24
Policies
24
Drug resistant TB
23
General Reports
22
HIV testing & services
22
Latin America & the Carribean
22
Laboratory
20
Treatment & Prevention
19
International
19
Antiretroviral Treatment ART
19
Global
18
Asia and Pacific
18
ART Drug Resistance
17
TB & Other Vulnerable Populations
17
Community Health Workers CHW
17
Research & Access
17
Eastern Europe & Central Asia
17
Childhood TB
16
Surveillance
16
General
16
Substance Use Disorders & Addiction
16
Disease Prevention & Control
16
Policies & Strategies
15
Clinical Aspects, Treatment & Prevention
15
Clinical Aspects
15
Epidemiology
15
Children
14
Universal Health Coverage UHC and 90-90-90 Strategy
14
Advocacy & Communication
14
HIV surveillance
13
Substance Use Disorders, Others
13
Public Health
13
Hospital Readiness/Essential Health Services
13
Infection Control
13
Outbreak Prevention & Control
12
IPC
12
Treatment Guidelines HIV
12
Reports
12
Infection Control General
12
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT)
This document updates recommendations for HIV testing by laboratories in the United States and offers approaches for reporting test results to persons ordering HIV tests and to public health authorities. The recommended algorithm is a sequence of tests used in combination to improve the accuracy of ...the laboratory diagnosis of HIV based on testing of serum or plasma specimens. The updated recommendations also include tests for HIV antigens and HIV nucleic acid because studies from populations at high risk for HIV demonstrate that antibody testing alone might miss a considerable percentage of HIV infections detectable by virologic testsmore