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Preventing HIV misdiagnosis: implementation guide

World Health Organization WHO (2024) CC

HIV testing programmes need to ensure that all clients who test for HIV are provided with correct diagnoses. The accuracy of HIV testing is critical to prevent misdiagnosis, as the consequences of giving an incorrect test result can be serious for clients, HIV testing services, HIV programmes and pu... more

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Target product profile for readers of rapid diagnostic tests

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Lateral-flow rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) continue to play a vital role in global health in the management and diagnosis of infectious diseases, including malaria, HIV and COVID-19. Visually interpreted RDTs, more than any other class of diagnostics, fulfil WHO’s ASSURED criteria,1 enabling their... more

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Pranchas para o diagnóstico de parasitos intestinais

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2020) C_WHO

estas Pranchas para o diagnóstico de parasitos intestinais destinam-se a servir tanto como orientação para profissionais de laboratório e de campo em países endêmicos quanto como material de ensino para estudantes e estagiários. Contêm orientações sobre a escolha da preparação para os ... more

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Let's talk TB: a free, online book for primary care providers

Madhukar Pai GP clinics (2018) CC

The third edition, released in 2018, has grown to include a total of 18 chapters, contributed by 20 experts and authors from many countries. The goal remains the same: to educate primary care providers on the best practices in TB diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. All articles are richly illustrate... more

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Interim Guidelines on Management of COVID-19 in Kenya - COVID-19, Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) and Case Management

Dr. P. Amoth; Dr. S. K. Kibias Ministry of Health; University of Nairobi (2020) C2

Accessed: 02.05.2020 These consolidated guidelines provide recommendations for comprehensive prevention and case management strategies in Kenya Scope of the Guidelines: Infection prevention and control Patient triage Emergency Medical Services Case management Laboratory testing algorithm Target... more

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Screening, assessment and management of neonates and infants with complications associated with Zika virus exposure in utero

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO

This Rapid Advice Guideline updates the Interim Guidance on the “Assessment of infants with microcephaly in the context of Zika virus” published in February 2016 (WHO/ZIKV/MOC/16.3). The recommendations provides guidance on the screening, clinical assessment, neuroimaging, laboratory investigati... more

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WHO/OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: a Public Health Problem of Global Concern

WHOOIE (2001)

This Manual covers all important aspects of echinococcosis, including parasite biology and life-cycles, geographic distribution and prevalence, epidemiology, clinical presentation in humans and animals, diagnosis and treatment, as well as control and prevention using newly developed tools and method... more

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Monkeypox outbreak. Update and advice for health workers

World Health Organization (WHO) (2022) C_WHO

Where are the outbreaks? What is monkeypox? Recongnizing monkeypox and more. An update on the monkeypox outbreak including protection, diagnosis, treatment.

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Methods for the detection and characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 variants: second update, 21 June 2022

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe (2022) C_WHO

This document aims to provide interim guidance for microbiology and virology experts, other laboratory professionals, laboratory managers, infectious disease programme managers, public health professionals and other stakeholders that provide primary, confirmatory or advanced testing for SARS-CoV-2, ... more

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Surveillance strategy during Phase 3 of the Ebola response

World Health Organization (WHO) (2015) C_WHO

The goals of Ebola virus disease (EVD) surveillance during Phase 3 of the Ebola response are to promptly detect new, suspected EVD cases and deaths so as to trigger appropriate response, including rapid diagnosis, case isolation and management, contact tracing, safe burials, and the identification o... more

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Mpox Testing Strategy - November 2024

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) CC

Mpox is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus closely related to the variola virus that causes smallpox. Mpox was first discovered in 1958 when outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in monkeys kept for research. The first human case was recorde...d in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during a period of intensified effort to eliminate smallpox and since then the infection has been reported in a number of African countries. Mpox can spread in humans through close contact, usually skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact, with an infected person or animal, as well as with materials contaminated with the virus such as clothing, beddings and towels, and respiratory droplets in prolonged face to face contact. People remain infectious from the onset of symptoms until all the lesions have scabbed and healed. The virus may spread from infected animals through handling infected meat or through bites or scratches. Diagnosis is confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of material from a lesion for the virus’s DNA. Two separate clades of the mpox virus are currently circulating in Africa: Clade I, which includes subclades Ia and Ib, and Clade II, comprising subclades IIa and IIb. Clade Ia and Clade Ib have been associated with ongoing human-to-human transmission and are presently responsible for outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), while Clade Ib is also contributing to outbreaks in Burundi and other countries. In 2022‒2023 mpox caused a global outbreak in over 110 countries, most of which had no previous history of the disease, primarily driven by human-to-human transmission of clade II through sexual contact. In just over a year, over 90,000 cases and 150 deaths were reported to the WHO. For the second time since 2022, mpox has been declared a global health emergency as the virus spreads rapidly across the African continent. On 13 Aug 2024, Africa CDC declared the ongoing mpox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security (PHECS), marking the first such declaration by the agency since its inception in 2017.7 This declaration empowered the Africa CDC to lead and coordinate responses to the mpox outbreak across affected African countries. On August 14, 2024, the WHO declared the resurgence of mpox a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) emphasizing the need for coordinated international response. As of August 2024, Mpox has expanded beyond its traditional endemic regions, with new cases reported in countries including Sweden, Thailand, the Philippines, and Pakistan. Sweden has confirmed its first case of Clade 1 variant, which has been rapidly spreading in Africa, particularly in DRC. The emergence of this new variant raises concerns about its potential for higher lethality and transmission rates outside Africa. more

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Diagnostics, medical devices & other health products catalog (GDF)

Stop TB Partnership World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

GDF is the largest global provider of quality-assured tuberculosis (TB) medicines, diagnostics, and laboratory supplies to the public sector. Since 2001, GDF has facilitated access to high-quality TB care in over 130 countries, providing treatments to over 30 million people with TB and procuring ... more

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Diagnostics to support the eradication of yaws—Development of two target product profiles

Fongwen, N.; Handley, B.; Martin, D. et al. PLoS Neglected Tropical diseases (2022) CC

Yaws is targeted for eradication by 2030, using a strategy based on mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin. New diagnostics are needed to aid eradication. Serology is currently the mainstay for yaws diagnosis; however, inaccuracies associated with current serological tests makes it difficu... more

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Interim Guidance on the Use of Rapid Antigen tests for COVID-19 Response
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C1

16 Dec. 2020 This document provides guidance to Ministries of Health (MOHs), laboratory personnel and implementing partners in African Union Member States on the application of rapid antigen tests to COVID-19 testing. The guidance serves as reference for policymakers, laboratory leads, implementing... more

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Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik und Therapie nichttuberkulöser Mykobakteriosen

N. Schönfeld, W. Haas, E. Richter et al. (2013) C2

des Deutschen Zentralkomitees zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose (DZK) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin (DGP) Recommendations for Diagnosis and Treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacterioses of the German Central Committee against Tuberculosis and the German Respirator... more

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Protocol for assessment of potential risk factors for 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection among health care workers in a health care setting
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

This is a case-ascertained prospective investigation of all identified health care contacts working in a health care facility in which a laboratory confirmed 2019-nCoV infected patient (see 2.2 Study population) receives care. Note that this study can be done in health care facilities at all 3 level... more

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National Guidelines on Second-line ART for Adults and Adolescents India

National AIDSControl (NACO), Government of India; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2011) C1

This resource consists of technical guidelines for District Medical Officers, counselors and laboratory technicians for second-line antiretroviral therapy drugs, operational guidelines for pilot roll-out in two centres and laboratory guidelines for viral-load testing and standard operating procedure... more

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Report of the fifth annual meeting of the network of Buruli ulcer PCR laboratories in the WHO African Region, Accra, Ghana, 23-25 October 2023

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

The aim of the meeting was to broaden the network’s initiatives. Preliminary work involved integrating laboratory testing for skin NTDs other than Buruli ulcer, such as cutaneous leishmaniasis, mycetoma, leprosy and yaws, while extending the network’s reach to encompass additional laboratories.

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Human African trypanosomiasis cases diagnosed in non-endemic countries (2011– 2020)

Franco. J.R.; G. Cecchi, G. Priotto, et al. (2022) CC

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 16(11): e0010885. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010885 HAT diagnosis in non-endemic countries is rare and can be challenging, but alertness and surveillance must be maintained to contribute to WHO’s elimination goals. Early detection is particularly important as it co... more

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HEARTS. Technical package for cardiovascular disease management in primary health care. Access to essential medicines and technology

World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2018) C_WHO

Procurement and supply management activities are fundamental to consistent and reliable access to essential medicines and health products. To reduce the impact of CVD, action needs to be taken to improve prevention, diagnosis, care and management of CVD diseases. Affordable essential medicines and t... more

Interim Guidance on the Use of Rapid Antigen tests for COVID-19 Response recommended

Protocol for assessment of potential risk factors for 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection among health care workers in a health care setting recommended

Interim Guidance on the Use of Rapid Antigen tests for COVID-19 Response
recommended

Protocol for assessment of potential risk factors for 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection among health care workers in a health care setting
recommended