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OCHA Policy Brief on Gendered Drivers, Risks and Impacts of Food Insecurity in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (2023) CC

It is widely understood that the food insecurity crisis in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is one of the world’s fastest growing and most neglected crises. It lacks sufficient global focus, resources and urgency. As in so many crises, women and girls are disproportionately affected and shoulder t...he consequences of protracted neglect, with unconscionable impacts on their safety, life chances and agency. Gaining a holistic view of the gendered drivers, risks and impacts of food insecurity in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is difficult. This is due to a lack of data and prioritization, and the large geographical and socioeconomic terrain covered by both regions. However, what we do know about this crisis is more than enough to urgently address the needs of women and girls. An OCHA discussion paper on this topic (which will be published imminently, and from which this policy brief is drawn) found that there is: A strong risk of profound regression in gender equality gains made to date in the countries of concern, including on education, sexual and reproductive health, and the economic independence of women and girls (with knock-on effects on broader humanitarian and development outcomes). An increasing challenge to reverse what must be recognized as a protracted and growing gender-based violence (GBV) emergency in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa. The food insecurity crisis in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is protracted, multidimensional and highly gendered, with spiralling impacts on gender equality and food security outcomes. It is driven by interwoven and overlapping factors, including climate change, political instability, conflict, socioeconomic conditions, migration and displacement and, more recently, COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine. Interlinked with these factors are gendered structural drivers of food insecurity, including deeply entrenched gender inequalities and harmful social norms. Gendered risks and impacts of food insecurity include alarming limitations on access to education, sexual and reproductive health rights, women’s agency and participation, and dramatic increases in different existing forms of GBV and the emergence of new ones. Recognition of such gendered dimensions of food insecurity and of the need for a multisectoral approach in the response is key to addressing the crisis, along-side sustained commitment and adequate allocation of resources. This policy brief draws out key findings from the OCHA discussion paper on this topic, which includes a desk review of studies, assessments and reports, and interviews with local women’s organizations on the front lines of the food insecurity crisis in communities across both regions. Below are the most pressing gendered drivers, risks and impacts of food insecurity (not in order of priority), as well as key gaps in the current humanitarian response to food insecurity, and recommendations to take forward. more

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Air quality index Central and West Africa Fact Sheet 2022

Greenstone, M.; C. Hasenkopf and K. Lee University of Chicago’s Energy Policy Institute (2022) C1

In Central and West Africa, regions together comprising 27 countries and 605 million people, the average person is exposed to particulate pollution levels that are more than 4 times the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guideline of 5 μg/m³1. If these particulate pollution levels persist, averag... more

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Reponse à la pandémie COVID- 19 pour les états membres.

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2020) C1

Mars 2020. Recommendations selon les differentes phases

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Emergency Used Authorization for Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2021) CC

African Union and the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Africa Regulatory Taskforce has endorsed the Emergency Used Authorization for Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine 10 March 2021

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African Union and the Africa CDC’s Africa Regulatory Taskforce has endorsed the Emergency Used Authorization for Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2021) CC

7 June 2021 The Africa Regulatory Taskforce is a joint effort established by the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC), the African Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD) coordinated African Medicines Regulatory Harmonization (AMRH) Initiative, and the World Health Organisat... more

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Guidance on administration of COVID-19 vaccine boosters in Africa
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2022) CC

17 Febr. 2022. As part of the “Strategy to Achieve Global COVID-19 Vaccination by mid-2022”, global targets of 40% population coverage by end of 2021 and 70% coverage by June 2022 have been set by the World Health Organization (WHO), to successfully prevent severe illness and deaths, minimize so... more

Baseline Mapping of Neglected Tropical Diseases in Africa: The Accelerated WHO/AFRO Mapping Project

Rebollo M.P., Onyeze A.N., Tiendrebeogo A. et al The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2021) C2

ajtmh.20-1538 Volume 104, 6. Mapping is a prerequisite for effective implementation of interventions against neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Before the accelerated World Health Organization (WHO)/Regional Office for Africa (AFRO) NTD Mapping Project was initiated in 2014, mapping efforts in man... more

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Infection Prevention and Control Standard Operating Procedures For Cholera Treatment Centres and Units in Malawi (April 2023)

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Africa CDC; African Union; Government of Malawi; Médecins Sans Frontières; UN Children's Fund UNICEF; World Health Organization WHO (2023) CC

Infection prevention and control (IPC) in a CTC/ CTU IPC are all practical measures taken in the healthcare facility to prevent harm caused by infections to patients, health workers and communities. The main goal of IPC in the cholera response is to • To reduce transmission of health care-as... more

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Logistics flow and key questions – always consider also the implications on budgets, communication and human resource requirements including protocols, capacities and training needs
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2021) C1

“Guide to facilitate the implementation of the WHO/UNICEF “Guidance on developing a national deployment and vaccination plan for COVID-19 vaccines” for Africa

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Statement to African Union Member States on the deployment of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine to the continent and concerns about adverse event reports coming from Europe

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2021) CC

19 March 2021

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African Union Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance Control 2020–2025
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2021) CC

Reports of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) microorganisms are increasing globally, threatening to render existing treatments ineffective against many infectious diseases. In Africa, AMR has already been documented to be a problem for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the pathogens that cause mala... more

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Responding to the Second Wave of COVID-19 in Africa
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) CC

In an effort to limit transmission and achieve pandemic control on the continent, Africa CDC is proposing the following measures to be taken by all Member States: Remain vigilant Countries should adapt or adopt best practices, strategies, guidelines and recommendations proposed by the Africa CDC... more

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Recomendações para uma resposta faseada a COVID-19

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2020) C1

Mars 2020. Recommendations selon les differentes phases

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Antimicrobial resistance in Africa: a systematic review

Tilahun Tadesse, B., E. A. Ashley, S. Ongarello et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2017) C2

Internationally, there is a growing concern over antimicro-bial resistance (AMR) which is currently estimated to ac-count for more than 700,000 deaths per year worldwide. If no appropriate measures are taken to halt its pro-gress, AMR will cost approximately 10 million lives andabout US$100 trillion... more

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Enhancing Pharmacovigilance in Sub‑Saharan Africa Through Training and Mentoring: A GSK Pilot Initiative in Malawi

Jusot, V.; Chimimba, F.; Dzabala, N. et al. Drug Safety (2020) CC

Introduction Pharmacovigilance (PV) systems to monitor drug and vaccine safety are often inadequate in sub-Saharan Africa. In Malawi, a PV enhancement initiative was introduced to address major barriers to PV. Objective The objective of this initiative was to improve reporting of adverse events (A... more

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Standards for Providing Quality R Palliative Care Across Africa

African Palliative Care Association APCA (2011) C2

The African Palliative Care Association is pleased to publish the first edition of Palliative Care Standards for Africa. The development of these standards was achieved through wide consultation with service beneficiaries and providers, and they have been developed to suit different levels of ... more

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Monitorização Das Desigualdades Na vacinação

World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO

Um Manual Passo A Passo

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Effects of BCG on COVID-19 — based on information as of 25 December 2020

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

WHO Regional Office for Africa

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Management of Buruli ulcer–HIV coinfection

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

Technical Update Areas of Africa endemic for Buruli ulcer (BU), caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, also have a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with adult prevalence rates between 1% and 5% (Maps). However, there is limited information on the prevalence of BU–HIV coinfection.... more

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Varíola dos macacos: Curso introdutório para contextos de surto africanos

World Health Organization (WHO) (2022) C_WHO

A varíola dos macacos é uma doença infeciosa emergente causada por um vírus transmitido aos humanos por animais infetados, na sua maioria roedores. Pode ser propagado a outras pessoas, mas a transmissão de pessoa para pessoa, isoladamente, não pode facilmente sustentar um surto. A apresentaç�... more

Guidance on administration of COVID-19 vaccine boosters in Africa recommended

Logistics flow and key questions – always consider also the implications on budgets, communication and human resource requirements including protocols, capacities and training needs recommended

African Union Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance Control 2020–2025 recommended

Responding to the Second Wave of COVID-19 in Africa recommended

Guidance on administration of COVID-19 vaccine boosters in Africa
recommended

Logistics flow and key questions – always consider also the implications on budgets, communication and human resource requirements including protocols, capacities and training needs
recommended

African Union Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance Control 2020–2025
recommended

Responding to the Second Wave of COVID-19 in Africa
recommended