the aid library

LIST OPTIONS

Filter

7810

Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

Download (52)

View PDF (45)

Stratégie Nationale de Plaidoyer et Mobilisation des Ressources en Faveur de Lutte Contre le Paludisme 2024–2028

Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP), République Démocratique du Congo Ministère de la Santé Publique, Hygiène et Prévention, République Démocratique du Congo, avec l’appui de Breakthrough ACTION-RDC et USAID (2023) C2

La Stratégie Nationale de Plaidoyer et de Mobilisation des Ressources en faveur de la Lutte contre le Paludisme 2024–2028 en République Démocratique du Congo vise à renforcer l’engagement politique, mobiliser des financements domestiques et internationaux et impliquer tous les secteurs (publ... more

Download (283)

View PDF (496)

Assessment and Management of Conditions Specifically Related to Stress mhGAP Intervention Guide Module

World Health Organization WHO (2013) C_WHO

This module should always be used together with the mhGAP Intervention Guide for Mental, Neurological and Substance Use Disorders in Non-specialized Health Settings (WHO, 2010), which outlines relevant general principles of care and management of a range of other mental, neurological and substa... more

Download (338)

View PDF (399)

Food Control System Assessment Tool, Introductory Booklet

World Health Organization (WHO) (2021) C_WHO

FAO and WHO jointly developed a comprehensive tool to assist Member states in assessing the effectiveness of national food control system. The FAO/WHO Food Control System Assessment Tool comprises 162 assessment criteria under 25 system competencies over 4 Dimensions. This introductory booklet is de... more

Download (170)

View PDF (423)

Strengthening pandemic preparedness and response through integrated modelling

OECD; World Health Organization WHO; World Bank (2024) CC

The far-reaching impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic underscore the critical need for evidence-informed, transparent and inclusive decision-making. Policy-makers have grappled with complex choices amidst uncertainty. They have constantly reassessed response measures while navigating their economic impl... more

Download (336)

View PDF (332)

Report of the fourth WHO stakeholders meeting on gambiense and rhodesiense human African trypanosomiasis elimination: virtual meeting, 1–3 June 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

Since 2000, concerted efforts by national programmes, supported by public–private partnerships, nongovernmental organizations, donors and academia under the auspices and coordination of the World Health Organization (WHO), have produced important achievements in the control of human African trypan... more

Download (436)

View PDF (404)

Safety evaluation of certain contaminants in food: prepared by the ninety-first meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (‎JECFA)‎

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

This volume contains monographs prepared at the ninety-first meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), which met virtually online from 1 to 12 February 2021. The detailed monographs in this volume summarize data on specific contaminants in food. Individual monographs ... more

Download (273)

View PDF (397)

WHO guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals - Executive Summary

World Health Organization WHO (2015) C_WHO

In May 2015, the Sixty-eighth World Health Assembly recognized the importance of the public health problem posed by antimicrobial resistance by adopting the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance (“global action plan”). The global action plan proposes interve... more

Download (292)

View PDF (514)

Adjusting health financing for people fleeing conflict: policy guidance for countries in Europe

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe (2022) C_WHO

This policy paper outlines key health financing policy actions for countries to ensure universal access to health services and financial protection for people fleeing conflict. It focuses on three policy areas – granting entitlement and ensure access to the full range of needed health services for... more

Download (471)

View PDF (811)

Neonatal health in Nepal: analysis of absolute and relative inequalities and impact of current efforts to reduce neonatal mortality

Paudel, D., Shrestha, I.B., Siebeck, M. & Rehfuess, E.A. (2013) CC

Nepal has made substantial progress in reducing under-five mortality and is on track to achieve Millennium Development Goal 4, but advances in neonatal health are less encouraging. The objectives of this study were to assess relative and absolute inequalities in neonatal mortality over time, and to ... more

Download (226)

View PDF (365)

Orientação para a saúde mental e apoio psicossocial para a COVID-19
recommended

Africa CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) CC

Este documento fornece orientações aos Estados-Membros da União Africana sobre considerações fundamentais em matéria de saúde mental e apoio psicossocial (MHPSS) em relação à pandemia de coronavírus de 2019 (COVID-19). Contém orientações úteis sobre o MHPSS para a comunidade, profissi... more

External Link

Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Africa: Successes, gaps and a roadmap for the future

Kariuki S., K. H. Keddy, M. Antonio AOSIS (2018) C2

Since the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015, there has been rapidly growing awareness among many African countries that they need to be doing more to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The Africa Centres fo... more

Download (310)

View PDF (639)

Learning from practice: case studies of health in strategic environmental assessment and environmental impact assessment across the WHO European Region

World Health Organization WHO World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Health is routinely considered in strategic environmental assessment (‎SEA)‎ and environmental impact assessment (‎EIA)‎, following requirements of European Union directives and the Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment to the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Trans... more

Download (402)

View PDF (561)

Action global health advocacy partnership

M. Slutsker ACTION global health advocacy partnership; ACTION partner oranizations (2016) C2

From policy to practice: how the TB-HIV response is working “The HIV community must place much more focus on TB co-infection than it has done to date. TB takes the lives of over 1000 people living with HIV every day, a number which is absolutely unacceptable. This report highlights that TB d... more

Download (217)

View PDF (237)

COVID-19 and Food Safety: Guidance for competent authorities responsible for national food safety control systems

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic presents an exceptional and unprecedented challenge for competent authoritiesa with responsibilities for national food safety control systemsb to continue conducting routine functions and activities in accordance with national regulations... more

External Link

The Impacts of Dietary Change on Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Land Use, Water Use, and Health: A Systematic Review

Aleksandrowicz L., Green R., Joy E., et al. (2016) CC

PlosOne https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165797; Food production is a major driver of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, water and land use, and dietary risk factors are contributors to non-communicable diseases. Shifts in dietary patterns can therefore potentially provide benefits for both the en... more

Download (214)

View PDF (287)

Childhood respiratory disease linked to the enviroment

World Health Organization WHO (2009) CC2

Childhood Respiratory Diseases & the Environment learning objectives •To understand how the respiratory tract is affected by the environment •To describe respiratory diseases linked to the environment •To list one population-level intervention and one personal-level intervention for d... more

Download (421)

View PDF (701)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance: Consolidated Guidance

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

Prevention, early diagnosis, and effective treatment are essential for the control and elimination of Neisseria gonorrhoeae as a public health problem. Currently, in Latin America and the Caribbean, treatment for gonorrhea infection is largely empiric and based on clinical diagnosis. In the Americas... more

Download (282)

View PDF (560)

Matière de Santé Reproductive: Priorités stratégiques 2022-2026

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2023) CC

En 2006, la session extraordinaire des ministres de la Santé de l’Union africaine a adopté le Plan d’action de Maputo pour la mise en œuvre du cadre politique continental sur la santé et les droits sexuels et reproductifs (SDSR), qui a expiré fin 2015. L’objectif était que toutes les pa... more

Download (80)

View PDF (39)

Manuel de formation la prise en charge du paludisme dans les structures de santé

Ministère de la Santé, Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme, Republique Mali (2020) CC

Ce manuel est destiné aux prestataires de soins chargés de la prise en charge des cas de paludisme simple et grave au niveau des structures de santé. C’est un document de référence facile d’utilisation, fournissant des connaissances et des compétences utiles aux agents de santé prenant e... more

Orientação para a saúde mental e apoio psicossocial para a COVID-19 recommended

Orientação para a saúde mental e apoio psicossocial para a COVID-19
recommended