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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Community-Based Mental Health: A Training Guide for Community Providers

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC (2023) CC

Mental health problems are common and cause great suffering to individuals and communities around the world. They have a significant impact not only on the physical and mental health of those affected but also on their families and the communities they live in. At the same time, all communities have... more

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Family Case Management: Family-centered care training for care-providers of children and families living with and affected by HIV

FHI360 (2009) CC

This six-day training is intended for case managers/community health volunteers/field supervisors who help households affected by HIV in India.

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Inter-agency Guiding Principles on unaccompanied and separated children

ICRC, UNHCR, Wolrd Vision Save the Children UK, IRC, Unicef (2004) C1

Action on behalf of unaccompanied and separated children should be guided by principles enshrined in international standards. The validity of these principles has been confirmed by experience and lessons learnt from conflicts and natural disasters in recent years. The objective of the present public... more

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Caring for Child Survivors of Sexual Abuse: Guidelines for health and psychosocial service providers in humanitarian settings (First Edition)
recommended

Erikson, Abigail IRC, International Rescue Committee (2012) C2

The International Rescue Committee (IRC) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) have newly developed "Caring for Child Survivors of Sexual Abuse Guidelines" for health and psychosocial providers in humanitarian settings - “CCS Guidelines”. The CCS Guidelines are based on global resear... more

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Averting a lost COVID generation: A six-point plan to respond, recover and reimagine a post-pandemic world for every child

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2020) C_UNICEF

The report finds that, as of 3 November, in 87 countries with age-disaggregated data, children and adolescents under 20 years of age accounted for 1 in 9 of COVID-19 infections, or 11 per cent of the 25.7 million infections reported by these countries. More reliable, age-disaggregated data on infect... more

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Protecting Children from Violence in the Time of COVID-19: Disruptions in prevention and response services

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2020) C_UNICEF

As daily lives and communities are upended by COVID-19, concern is mounting that children’s exposure to violence may increase. Children with a history of abuse may find themselves even more vulnerable – both at home and online – and may experience more frequent and severe acts of violence. Oth... more

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No Place to Call Home. Protecting children´s rights when the changing climate forces them to flee. For every child in danger.

UNICEF UNICEF (2015)

Around the world, approximately 1 in 45 children are on the move – nearly 50 million boys and girls that have migrated across borders or been forcibly displaced within their own countries.1 Climate-related events and their impacts are already contributing significantly to these staggering numbers... more

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Bangladesh: Transforming the lives of young people

International HIVAIDS Alliance; LINKUP (2016) C1

Case Study

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Humanitarian responses by local actors: Lessons learned from managing the transit of migrants and refugees through Croatia

Larsen, M., Demir, E. and Horvat, M. (2016) C3

How do local authorities and humanitarian agencies collaborate when refugees are in transit? An IIED-supported research project is looking at the transit refugee response in Croatia.

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An Invisible Crisis: Exploring Mental Health needs in the Syrian and Iraqi Crises

Médecins du Monde (2018) C1

It highlights the numerous challenges to quality service provision, along with the organisation’s response to mental health needs, and recommendations for international and regional decision-makers including: - Advocating and working towards mental health policies that support adequate funding f... more

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Protecting Persons with Diverse Sexual Orientations and Gender Identities

UNHCR (2015) CC

The document at hand presents key findings from a project undertaken globally between July 2014 and May 2015 to assess progress made by UNHCR country and regional operations to effectively protect lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) asylum-seekers and refugees. Globally, 10... more

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Briefing booklet for Botswana Children’s Month of Broadcasting

UNICEF (2016)

Tune into Kids | UNICEF | United and proud for the next generation

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Chanter pour les lions. Guide de l’animateur pour surmonter la peur et la violence dans notre vie
recommended

Brakarsh, J.; L. Steinitz Catholic Relief Services CRS (2018) CC

Singing to the Lions est un programme de formation gratuit (guide de l’animateur, supplément et vidéo) conçu par CRS pour aider les enfants et les jeunes à réduire l’impact de la violence et des abus dans leur vie. La principale composante est un atelier de trois jours où les participants ... more

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Against their will. Sexual and Gender based Violence against Young People in Haiti

Médecins sans Frontières MSF (2017) C2

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Child Labour Report 2016

Terre des Hommes (2016) C1

“Because we struggle to survive” Child Labour among Refugees of the Syrian Conflict | This study provides pertinent first-hand information on the reality facing Syrian children who are working either in their homeland, the neighbouring countries or elsewhere in Europe. Syria's civil war is the w... more

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The Importance of Contextual Factors in Carrying Out Childhood Violence Surveys: a Case Study from Indonesia

L. Rumble, A. A. Ramly, M. Nuryana, et al. (2017) C1

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National Response Efforts to Address Sexual Violence and Exploitation Against Children in Lesotho: A Desktop Study

Weber, Stephanie Arlington, VA: USAID’s AIDS Support and Technical Assistance Resources, AIDSTAR-One, Task Order 1 (2013) C2

Scant data exists on the prevalence of violence against children worldwide. However, available information, including the United Nations Secretary-General’s Study on Violence against Children, shows that violence against children is a global problem. This desktop study aims to glean from published... more

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Making Schools Inclusive. How change can happen

Pinnock H; Lewis I Save the Children (2008) C1

Making education more inclusive requires schools and education authorities to remove the barriers to education experienced by the most excluded children - often the poorest, children with disabilities, children without family care, girls, or children from minority groups. Also included in the text a... more

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Contre leur Gré. Violence sexualle et basée sur le gentre contre les jeunes en Haiti

Médecins sans Frontières MSF (2017) C2

Caring for Child Survivors of Sexual Abuse: Guidelines for health and psychosocial service providers in humanitarian settings (First Edition) recommended

Chanter pour les lions. Guide de l’animateur pour surmonter la peur et la violence dans notre vie recommended

Caring for Child Survivors of Sexual Abuse: Guidelines for health and psychosocial service providers in humanitarian settings (First Edition)
recommended

Chanter pour les lions. Guide de l’animateur pour surmonter la peur et la violence dans notre vie
recommended