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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Planetary health in practice: sensing air pollution and transforming urban environments

Gabrys, J. (2020) C1

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HIV care and support

UNAIDS (2016) C2

UNAIDS 2016, Reference HIV care and support taking into account the 2016 WHO consolidated guidelines

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WHO implementation tool for pre-exposure prophylaxis of HIV infection - Module 12

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2018) C_WHO

Module 12: Adolescents and young adults July 2018 Module 12: Adolescents and young adults. This module is for people who are interested in providing PrEP services to older adolescents and young adults who are at substantial risk for HIV. It provides information on: factors that influence HIV... more

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WHO laboratory manual for the diagnosis of diphtheria and other related infections
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

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Philippines: Family Planning Competency-Based Training (FPCBT) in IUD - Facilitator’s Guide (Level 2/2)

Department of Health (DOH) Philippines (2010) C1

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Why is mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV a continual threat to new-borns in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)

C. S. Yaha; E. Tambo Journal of Infection and Public Health; Elsevier; PubMed.gov (2019) C2

Journal of Infection and Public Health 12 (2019) 213–223

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MINILAPAROTOMY FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION

EngenderHealth (2003)

An Illustrated Guide for Service Providers

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Manual operativo para el informe de anatomía patológica en cáncer de mama

Frahm, I. L.; Haab, G. A., et al. Ministerio de Salud Argentina (2021) C2

Objetivos: - Reforzar la importancia del informe anatomopatológico en el manejo del cáncer de mama, como elemento fundamental para la toma de decisiones. - Estandarizar los procedimientos de las técnicas anatomopatológicas a nivel nacional. - Establecer los factores pronósticos morfoló... more

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World Malaria Report 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

TNew data from the World Health Organization reveal that the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted malaria services, leading to a marked increase in cases and deaths. According to WHO’s latest World malaria report, there were an estimated 241 million malaria cases and 627 000 malaria deaths worldwide i... more

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CH 5: Effective strategies for detecting maltreatment of children and youth within the context of mental health and developmental assessment.

World Health Organization (2015) C_WHO

(New 2015) Scoping question: Within the context of mental health and developmental assessment of children and youth, what are the effective strategies for detecting maltreatment?

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A Cross-Sectional Study of Disclosure of HIV Status to Children and Adolescents in Western Kenya

R. C. Vreeman; M. L. Scanlon; A. Mwangi; et al. PLOS One (2014) CC

PLOS ONE | www.plosone.org 1 January 2014 | Volume 9 | Issue 1 | e86616

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Zoonotic diseases of public health importance

National Institue of communicable Diseases, India (1998) C1

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El control de la Tuberculosis en prisones

A. Bone; A. Aerts, M. Grzemska Organizaición Mundial de la Salud; Comité internacional de la Cruz roja (2000) C_WHO

Manual para directores de programas

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National Antenatal Sentinel HIV Survey Key Findings, South Africa 2017

south (2019) CC

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Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 - arabic version

Convention on Biological Diversity (2020) C2

Global Biodiversity Outlook (GBO) is the flagship publication of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It is a periodic report that summarizes the latest data on the status and trends of biodiversity and draws conclusions relevant to the further implementation of the Convention. GBO-5 pro... more

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Climate change-induced migration: a bibliometric review

García, J.M.; Caparrós-Martínez J.L., Rueda-López N., et al. (2021) CC

Globalization and Health (2021) 17:74 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-021-00722-3

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Drug-resistant tuberculosis in Central Mozambique: the role of a rapid genotypic susceptibility testing

Evangelina IN, Inês T, Miguelhete L et al (2016) CC

This study consists of a descriptive analysis of M. tuberculosis isolates from Beira Central Hospital, Mozambique, during 2014–2015, being the first report of a genotypic testing used to provide information about second line drug resistance in Mozambique. BMC Infectious Diseases (2016) 16:423 DO... more

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Mental health and climate change: policy brief

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

We need to be concerned about mental health in the context of climate change

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WHO implementation tool for pre-exposure prophylaxis of HIV infection - Module 9

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2017) C_WHO

Module 9 Strategic planning July 2017 Module 9: Strategic planning. As WHO recommends offering PrEP to people at substantial HIV risk, this module offers public health guidance for policy-makers on how to prioritize services, in order to reach those who could benefit most from PrEP, and in wh... more

WHO laboratory manual for the diagnosis of diphtheria and other related infections recommended

WHO laboratory manual for the diagnosis of diphtheria and other related infections
recommended