Following the birth of your baby, your birth attendant must safeguard the health of both you and your baby and help your baby get off to a good start in life. This video will show what to expect in the first few hours right after birth.
La sécurité des patients est un domaine des soins de santé qui a émergé avec la complexité croissante des systèmes de santé et la hausse des préjudices causés aux patients au sein des établissements de santé. Il s’agit de prévenir et de réduire les risques, les erreurs et les préjud...ices causés aux patients dans le cadre de soins de santé. La sécurité des patients repose en premier lieu sur l’amélioration continue, grâce à des enseignements tirés des erreurs et des manifestations indésirables.
more
Patient Safety is a health care discipline that emerged with the evolving complexity in health care systems and the resulting rise of patient harm in health care facilities. It aims to prevent and reduce risks, errors and harm that occur to patients during provision of health care. A cornerstone of ...the discipline is continuous improvement based on learning from errors and adverse events.
more
La santé environnementale est-elle l'avenir de la santé publique ? Cette question qui ne se posait pas il y a encore quelques décennies, prend tout son sens au regards du contexte actuel.
Personne ne va dans un établissement de soins de santé pour tomber malade. On s’y rend pour se faire soigner, pour accoucher
ou pour se faire vacciner. Cependant, des centaines de millions de personnes s’exposent à un risque accru d’infection en cherchant à obtenir des soins dans des éta...blissements de santé dépourvus de produits de première nécessité, notamment de services d’approvisionnement en eau, d’assainissement et d’hygiène, de gestion des déchets biomédicaux et de nettoyage (services WASH). L’absence de services WASH dans les établissements de santé compromet la sécurité et la dignité des patients, tout en menaçant d’exacerber la propagation d’infections résistantes aux agents antimicrobiens et en fragilisant les efforts déployés pour améliorer la santé des enfants et des mères.
more
Carlos Chagas discovered American trypanosomiasis, also named Chagas disease (CD) in his honor, just over a century ago. He described the clinical aspects of the disease, characterized by its etiological agent (Trypanosoma cruzi) and identified its insect vector. Initially, CD occurred only in Latin... America and was considered a silent and poorly visible disease. More recently, CD became a neglected worldwide disease with a high morbimortality rate and substantial social impact, emerging as a significant public health threat. In this context, it is crucial to better understand better the epidemiological scenarios of CD and its transmission dynamics, involving people infected and at risk of infection, diversity of the parasite, vector species, and T. cruzi reservoirs. Although efforts have been made by endemic and non-endemic countries to control, treat, and interrupt disease transmission, the cure or complete eradication of CD are still topics of great concern and require global attention. Considering the current scenario of CD, also affecting non-endemic places such as Canada, USA, Europe, Australia, and Japan, in this review we aim to describe the spread of CD cases worldwide since its discovery until it has become a global public health concern.
more
This is a summary of the following peer-reviewed, scientific article:
Comparative Evaluation of Immunoassays to Improve Access to Diagnosis for Chagas Disease in Colombia.
Over 6 million people worldwide are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease
(CD). T. cruzi is transmitted by triatomine insects, congenitally, through uncontrolled blood donations and organ transplants,
and via consumption of food or drink contaminated by triatomi...nes.
more
In areas of Mexico, Central America, and South America, where the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite is present in triatomine bugs, improved housing and spraying insecticide inside housing to eliminate the bugs has significantly decreased the spread of Chagas disease. Screening of blood donations for Chagas... is another important public health tool to help prevent spreading the disease through blood transfusions. Early detection and treatment of new cases, including mother-to-baby (congenital) cases, will also help reduce the burden of disease.
more
In 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) recognized Chagas disease (CD; Trypanosoma cruzi infection) as a neglected tropical disease (NTD) [1] and included it into the global plan to combat NTDs [2]. The Target 3.3 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN/SDG) aims at ending the e...pidemics of NTDs by 2030 [3]. Mother-to-child (congenital/connatal) transmission is currently the main mode of transmission of T. cruzi over blood transfusions and organ transplantations in vector-free areas within and outside Latin America (LA). Based on recent demonstrations that congenital transmission can be prevented [4–7], WHO has shifted its objective, in 2018, from control to elimination of congenital CD (cCD).
more
This document compiles the recommendations made by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) to help professionals in charge of vector control programs in Latin America and the Caribbean at the national, subnational, and local level update their knowledge in... order to make evidence-based decisions on the most appropriate control measures for each specific situation. IVM can be used for surveillance and control or for elimination of VBDs and can help reduce the development of insecticide resistance through the rational use of these products. This document provides instructions for fulfillment of the 2008 PAHO mandate set forth in CD 48/13 (Integrated Vector Management).
more
El presente documento reúne un conjunto de recomendaciones formuladas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) para ayudar, a los profesionales encargados de los programas de control de vectores de Latinoamérica y el Caribe a nivel nacional, ...subnacional y local, a actualizar y tomar decisiones basadas en la evidencia sobre las medidas de control más apropiadas para cada situación específica. El MIV puede utilizarse cuando la meta es la vigilancia y el control o la eliminación (dependiendo de la situación específica) de las ETV y puede contribuir a reducir el desarrollo de la Resistencia a los insecticidas mediante el uso racional de estos productos. Este documento contiene las instrucciones para llevar a cabo el mandato de la OPS del 2008 sobre el control integrado de vectores (resolución CD48.R8, documento CD48/13) y, en particular, complementa una serie de guías de la OMS publicadas en el 2012
more
Le présent document rassemble une série de recommandations émises par l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS) et l’Organisation panaméricaine de la Santé (OPS) pour aider les professionnels chargés des programmes de lutte antivectorielle en Amérique latine et dans les Caraïbes aux niv...eaux national, infranational et local à mettre à jour et prendre des decisions à base factuelle qui touchent les mesures de lutte antivectorielle les mieux adaptées à chaque situation particulière. La GIV peut être utilisée lorsque la cible est la surveillance et la lutte ou l’élimination (en function de chaque situation) des MTV et peut contribuer à réduire le développement de la résistance aux insecticides au moyen de l’utilisation rationnelle de ces produits. Le présent document contient les instructions nécessaires pour mener à bien le mandat établi par l’OPS en 2008 (résolution CD48.R8, document CD48/13), en particulier, il complémente une série de guides de l’OMS publiés en 2012
more
Este documento reúne um conjunto de recomendações formuladas pela OMS e pela OPAS para ajudar os profissionais responsáveis pelos programas de controle de vetores nas Américas em nível nacional, subnacional e local a se atualizarem e tomarem decisões baseadas em evidências sobre as medidas d...e controle mais apropriadas para cada situação. O MIV pode ser utilizado quando o objetivo é a vigilância e o controle ou a eliminação (dependendo da situação específica) das DTVs e pode ajudar a reduzir o desenvolvimento de resistência aos inseticidas pelo uso racional desses produtos. Este documento contém instruções para a execução do mandato de 2008 da OPAS sobre o manejo integrado de vetores (resolução CD48.R8, documento CD48/13) e, em particular, complementa uma série de diretrizes da OMS publicadas em 2012
more
Chagas disease affects 8-10 million people worldwide, mainly in Latin America. The current therapy for Chagas disease is limited to nifurtimox and benznidazole, which are effective in treating only the acute phase of the disease but with severe side effects. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new... drugs and for the exploration of innovative approaches which may lead to the discovery of new effective and safe drugs for its treatment.
more
Chagas is a parasitic disease that affects over 6 million people in the
world. As the disease typically remains asymptomatic for years, new cases
often go unnoticed and unreported, and most people with the disease
are unaware of their condition. Less than 10% of people affected are
diagnosed and... the vast majority do not receive the treatment they need.
If not treated, Chagas may cause irreversible, life-threatening damage to
the heart and other vital organs.
more
Chagas disease is a zoonosis caused by the protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi. It is transmitted to humans by contact of triatomine bug faeces with a break in the skin (often caused by a bite from the triatomine bug), or with mucous membranes. Transmission by contaminated blood transfusion, accidental expos...ure to blood, mother-to-child (during pregnancy or childbirth) or consumption of contaminated food and water is also possible.
Chagas disease has two phases: an acute phase, which lasts approximately 4 to 6 weeks, and a chronic phase, which is lifelong if left untreated.
The disease is primarily found on the American continent. It is significantly underdiagnosed.
more
he Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) would like to thank the group that developed these guidelines for the tremendous work, quick response, and commitment they demonstrated in this process. We would like to especially recognize the following doctors: Roberto Chuit, Jaime Altcheh, Alejandro Luq...uetti, Faustino Torrico, and Juan Carlos Villar, for sharing their extensive expertise on the subject; Ariel Izcovich, Juan Criniti, Ana Marcela Torres, and Ludovic Reveiz, for methodological coordination; and Roberto Salvatella and Luis Castellanos for promoting this initiative.
more
Theodor Bilharz, a German professor of anatomy and chief of surgery at the Kasr El Ani Hospital of Cairo from 1850, first identified an infective organism, Distomum hematobium in 1851, which was renamed Schistosoma haematobium in 1858. It arose from a cestode worm, Hymenoleptis nana, lying in the sm...all colon of an Egyptian patient. He also discovered a trematode worm at the same time from an autopsy, thought to be the cause of urinary Schistosomiasis. Bilharz died from typhoid fever in 1862 at the age of 37. The Theodor Bilharz Research Institute in Giza, Egypt, stands as a tribute to him today. F. Milton published the first recorded peer-reviewed article report on Schistosomiasis in 1914.
more