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Global, regional, and national prevalence of, and risk factors for, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 2019: a systematic review and modelling analysis

Adeloye, D.; Song, P.; Zhu, Y. et al. (2022) CC2

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an increasingly important cause of morbidity, disability, and mortality worldwide. We aimed to estimate global, regional, and national COPD prevalence and risk factors to guide policy and population interventions.

Building capacity to improve respiratory care: the education strategy of the International Primary Care Respiratory Group 2014–2020

McDonnell, J.; Corella de Sousa, J.; Baxter, N.; et al. npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine (2014) CC2

The article discusses the education strategy of the International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) for 2014–2020, focusing on building capacity to improve respiratory care globally. It highlights the significant burden of respiratory diseases and the role of primary care in addressing this i... more

How to Use a Metered-Dose Inhaler with a Valved Holding Chamber (Spacer) - english version

American Lung Association American Lung Association (2022) CC2

The document is an instructional guide in english on how to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer. It provides detailed, step-by-step instructions for using the device effectively to manage respiratory conditions like asthma. The guide emphasizes the importance of correct technique, prepara... more

How to Use a Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI) with a Spacer - arabic version

American Lung Association American Lung Association (2022) CC2

The document is an instructional guide in arabic on how to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer. It provides detailed, step-by-step instructions for using the device effectively to manage respiratory conditions like asthma. The guide emphasizes the importance of correct technique, preparat... more

How to Use a Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI) with a Spacer - Burmese version

American Lung Association American Lung Association (2022) CC2

The document is an instructional guide in Burmese on how to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer. It provides detailed, step-by-step instructions for using the device effectively to manage respiratory conditions like asthma. The guide emphasizes the importance of correct technique, prepara... more

Como usar um inalador dosimetrado com uma câmara de retenção valvulada (espaçador) e máscara

American Lung Association American Lung Association (2022) CC2

The document is an instructional guide in Portuguese on how to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer. It provides detailed, step-by-step instructions for using the device effectively to manage respiratory conditions like asthma. The guide emphasizes the importance of correct technique, prep... more

How to Use a Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI) with a Spacer - Somali Version

American Lung Association American Lung Association (2022) CC2

The document is an instructional guide in somali on how to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer. It provides detailed, step-by-step instructions for using the device effectively to manage respiratory conditions like asthma. The guide emphasizes the importance of correct technique, preparat... more

Cómo usar un inhalador de dosis medida con cámara de retención con válvula (espaciador)

American Lung Association American Lung Association (2022) CC2

The document is an instructional guide in Spanish on how to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer. It provides detailed, step-by-step instructions for using the device effectively to manage respiratory conditions like asthma. The guide emphasizes the importance of correct technique, prepara... more

Jinsi ya Kutumia Kivuta Hewa Chenye Kipimo cha Dawa Kilicho na Chemba Maalum (Kishikilia Dawa) na Barakoa

American Lung Association American Lung Association (2022) CC2

The document is an instructional guide by the American Lung Association on how to properly use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a valved holding chamber (spacer) and mask, specifically in Swahili. It provides step-by-step directions for preparing and using the inhaler to ensure effective medication... more

How to Use a Flexhaler Dry Powder Inhaler

American Lung Association American Lung Association (2022) CC2

The document provides step-by-step instructions for using a Flexhaler dry powder inhaler effectively. It emphasizes proper inhalation technique, including priming the device, loading a dose, and breathing correctly. It also advises users to rinse their mouth after use and highlights the importance o... more

Appropriate use and withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Román-Rodríguez, M.; Tsiligianni, I.; Wiliams, S.; et al. International Primary Care - Respiratory Group (2020) CC2

The document "Appropriate use and withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)" from the IPCRG provides guidance on when to start, adjust, or discontinue ICS in COPD treatment. It highlights the benefits and risks, emphasizing personalized... more

Summarizing the 2021 Updated GOLD Guidelines for COPD

Laisure, M.; Covill, N.; Ostroff, M.L.; Ostroff, J.L. U.S. Pharmacist (2021) CC2

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disease that requires differential diagnosis and proper classification to identify appropriate therapy. Nonpharmacologic therapy and preventative measures should be utilized to prevent worsening of disease, symptoms, and complications. The Gl... more

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Practice Essentials

Mosenifar, Z.; Brawerman, R.; Brawerman, G.; et al. Medscape (2024) CC2

The article provides a comprehensive overview of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), covering its causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, classification of severity, treatment options, and management strategies, with a focus on risk factors, clinical features, and therapeutic approaches such... more

Severe and Difficult Asthma: Diagnosis and Management—Challenges for a Low‐Resource Environment

Bush, A. Springer Link (2021) CC2

Severe and difficult asthma in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC) can relate to lack of availability of basic medications; potentially reversible factors such as poor adherence or comorbidities such as obesity inhibiting a good response to treatment; and (rarely) true severe, therapy-resistant ... more

The burden of asthma, hay fever and eczema in adults in 17 countries: GAN Phase I study

Mortimer, K.; Lesosky, M.; García-Marcos, L.; et al. (2022) CC2

Asthma, hay fever and eczema are three common chronic conditions. There have been no recent multi-country data on the burden of these three conditions in adults; the aims of this study are to fill this evidence gap. The Global Asthma Network Phase I is a multi-country cross-sectional population-bas... more

Urbanisation and asthma in low-income and middleincome countries: a systematic review of the urbanrural differences in asthma prevalence

Rodriguez, A.; Brickley, E.; Rodrigues, L.; et al. (2019) CC2

Urbanisation has been associated with temporal and geographical differences in asthma prevalence in low-income and middle-income countries (lMics). however, little is known of the mechanisms by which urbanisation and asthma are associated, perhaps explained by the methodological approaches used to a... more

Inhaler Techniques - lagos acacia 2018

lagos acacia (2018) CC2

This video is meant to train the public on how to use some of the devices for delivery of asthma medications.

How Asthma is treated

COU Family TV Youtube (2022) CC3

Video: How asthma is treated.

External Link (49)

Google Scholar (51)

Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Asthma: Practice Adjustments and Disease Burden

Papadopoulos, N.G.; Custovic, A.; Deschildre, A. et al. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice (2020) CC

Coronavirus disease 2019 has a mild disease course in children and adolescents. Chronic respiratory conditions, including asthma, have been suggested as risk factors; however, asthma in children is highly variable in both triggers and severity. During the pandemic, pediatric asthma services limite... more