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Qualitative assessment of community health workers’ perspective on their motivation in community-based primary health care in rural Malawi

Ndambo, M.K.; Munyaneza, F.; Aron, M.B. et al. BMC Health Services Research (2022) CC

Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) have a positive impact on the provision of community-based primary health care through screening, treatment, referral, psychosocial support, and accompaniment. With a broad scope of work, CHW programs must balance the breadth and depth of tasks to mainta ... in CHW motivation for high-quality care delivery. Few studies have described the CHW perspective on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to enhance their programmatic activities. Methods: We utilized an exploratory qualitative study design with CHWs employed in the household model in Neno District, Malawi, to explore their perspectives on intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and dissatisfiers in their work. Data was collected in 8 focus group discussions with 90 CHWs in October 2018 and March–April 2019 in seven purposively selected catchment areas. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using Dedoose. Results: Themes of complex intrinsic and extrinsic factors were generated from the perspectives of the CHWs in the focus group discussions. Study results indicate that enabling factors are primarily intrinsic factors such as positive patient outcomes, community respect, and recognition by the formal health care system but can lead to the chal- lenge of increased scope and workload. Extrinsic factors can provide challenges, including an increased scope and workload from original expectations, lack of resources to utilize in their work, and rugged geography. However, a posi- tive work environment through supportive relationships between CHWs and supervisors enables the CHWs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated enabling factors and challenges for CHW performance from their perspec- tive within the dual-factor theory. We can mitigate challenges through focused efforts to limit geographical distance, manage workload, and strengthen CHW support to reinforce their recognition and trust. Such programmatic empha- sis can focus on enhancing motivational factors found in this study to improve the CHWs’ experience in their role. The engagement of CHWs, the communities, and the formal health care system is critical to improving the care provided to the patients and communities, along with building supportive systems to recognize the work done by CHWs for the primary health care systems. more

WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO

This document is intended for a wide audience including national and local policymakers, implementers and managers of national and local maternal and child health programmes, non-governmental and other organizations and professional societies involved in the planning and management of maternal and c ... more

Nigeria: National Quality Assurance Policy For Medicines and Other Health Products

Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria (2015) C1

Immunization Essentials a practical Field Guide

USAID USAID (2004) CC

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of essential information related to immunization, including technical information about vaccines, a review of immunization program management best practices, guidance on the delivery of immunization services, monitoring and evaluation, disease surveillanc ... more

Guidelines on Implementation of the Antimicrobial Strategy in South Africa: One Health Approach & Governance

Ministerial Advisory Committee on Antimicrobial Resistance National Dept. of Health, South Africa (2017) C2

Mental health policy developments in Latin America

R.D. Alarcón & S.A. Aguilar-Gaxiola Bulletin of the World Health Organization (2000) C_WHO

New assessment guidelines for measuring the overall impact of mental health problems in Latin America have served as a catalyst for countries to review their mental health policies. Latin American countries have taken various steps to address long-standing problems such as structural difficulties, s ... more

Lesotho: National HIV & AIDS Strategic Plan (2006-2011)

National AIDS Commission (NAC), Kingdom of Lesotho (2006)

Inclusive Pre-School Programmes. Webinar 9. Companion Technical Booklet

Moran, M. UNICEF (2014)

South Africa: National skills development strategy III

Department of Higher Education and Training, Republic of South Africa (2013) C2

National strategic plan for early childhood development, Malawi 2009-2014

UNCEF; Government of Malawi (2008) C1

Emergency appeal: Democratic Republic of the Congo: Population movement, phase 1: community health response

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (2017) C1

Strategic Communication for Zika Prevention: A Framework for Local Adaptation

Alice Payne Merritt, Gabrielle Hunter, Anne Ballard et al. ohns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs (2017) C1

I1. IACAPAP Textbook of Child and Adolescent Mental Health - Psychiatry and Pediatrics

O. Fiertag; S. Taylor; A. Tareen; E. Garralda IACAPAP (2012) C2

Section I Somatoform disorders Child Psychiatry and Pediatrics Chapter I.1

COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR THE GENDER, CHILDREN, YOUTH AND SPORTS SECTOR WORKING GROUP 2013-2017

Ministry of Health, Malawi (2015)

Digital adaptation kit for antenatal care: operational requirements for implementing WHO recommendations in digital systems

World Health Organization WHO (2021) CC

India: Guidelines for Disability Prevention and Medical Rehabilitation
recommended

National Leprosy Eradication Programme; National Health Mission; Ministry of Health & Social Welfare India Novartis Comprehensive Leprosy Care Association (2012) C1

Guidelines for Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Level Care

TB Guidelines for Nurses in the Care and Control of Tuberculosis and Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis

International Council of Nurses (2015) C2

3rd edition.

India: Training Modules for Medical Officers on HIV Care and Treatment (Including ART) - Participant's Guide

National AIDS Control Organization (NACO), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India (2007) C1