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2
UNAIDS Sustainability Technial Guidance
recommended
As we approach 2025, the longer-term sustainability of the HIV response is a pressing concern: work to achieve and sustain an impactful HIV response must intensify. As countries work to reach the goal of ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030, UNAIDS has released the
“HIV Response Sustai
...
nability Primer” which proposes a new approach to ensure the sustainability of the HIV response.
This holistic approach includes programmatic, political, policy-related and financial aspects of the HIV response. The new Primer provides the rationale, the definitions, and an in-depth explanation of this new sustainability approach. Additionally, UNAIDS has released a new Companion Guide which includes country-specific analytical resource packages and a sustainability assessment tool. These resources will serve as tools
to help countries and partners develop roadmaps and navigate the path towards sustainability.
more
Data presentation is the basis for describing data and generating hypotheses for further testing. It consists of a number of methods for summarising data in order to support the identification of patterns. Data can be summarised in a number of forms, including tables or graphical representations s
...
uch as graphs or maps. Effective data presentation requires an understanding of the principles introduced in this guide.
more
In: Antenatal Care, Maternal Care, Under 5 Clinics, Family Planning Clinics and HIV Exposed Child Follow Up.
This 5th Edition of the Malawi Guidelines for Clinical Management of HIV in Children and Adults is implemented from January 2022. It replaces all previous editions of the Malawi Antiretrovir
...
al therapy (ART) and Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) guidelines.This document is written for medical doctors, clinical officers, medical assistants, nurses, midwives, laboratorians, health surveillance assistants (HSAs) and medical records clerks who are working in public and private sector health facilities in Malawi. It is designed to be a practical guide for implementation of integrated HIV Services
more
Les piliers adoptés pour le plan AEVT sont les suivants : a) dépistage précoce chez les enfants exposés au VIH, à la syphilis et au VHB ; b) réduction des inégalités en matière de traitement chez les PBFW et les enfants exposés au VIH, à la syphilis et au VHB ; c) prévention des nouvelle
...
s infections par le VIH, la syphilis et le VHB chez les PBFW ; et d) élimination des obstacles à l'accès à des services intégrés. Sur la base de ces piliers, le plan AEVT guide la mobilisation politique pour franchir la dernière étape vers l'élimination de la transmission verticale du VIH, de la syphilis et du VHB en Afrique d'ici 2030
more
The WHO Global Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Surveillance page describes a World Health Organization initiative under the Global Influenza Programme to monitor RSV infections worldwide. It explains that WHO uses the existing Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) to collect st
...
andardized epidemiological and laboratory data on RSV, in order to understand patterns such as seasonality, disease burden, and age groups at highest risk, especially in young children. The surveillance system aims to support countries in tracking RSV activity, improve detection and laboratory capacity, and generate evidence that can guide public health policies, including the use of vaccines and preventive measures. Overall, the text emphasizes building a global platform for RSV surveillance integrated with influenza monitoring to inform better respiratory virus control strategies.
more
The Surveillance System for Attacks on Health Care (SSA) is a global monitoring platform run by the World Health Organization that systematically collects and displays standardized data on attacks against health care in settings affected by conflict or humanitarian emergencies. It records incidents
...
where health workers, facilities, transport, patients, or other health resources are harmed, obstructed, threatened, or subjected to violence, with the goal of documenting the nature and scale of these attacks worldwide. The system is used to analyse trends, support advocacy to protect health services and workers, and guide efforts to reduce violence against health care in fragile and conflict-affected contexts.
more
The document “Guidelines for Writing Outbreak Investigation Reports” by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control provides practical guidance on how to prepare clear, structured, and scientifically sound reports after investigating a disease outbreak. It is mainly intended for epide
...
miologists and public health professionals, particularly participants in the ECDC Fellowship Programme. The guide explains the purpose of outbreak investigation reports and describes the recommended structure and content of such reports, including sections such as background, objectives, methods, results, and conclusions. It also outlines how to present epidemiological, laboratory, and environmental findings, interpret the results, and formulate public health recommendations. Overall, the document aims to standardize outbreak reporting, improve the quality and clarity of reports, and ensure that investigation findings can effectively support public health decision-making and future outbreak prevention.
more
The document “Mpox Continental Response Plan 2.0” outlines the strategy developed by the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) to respond to the ongoing mpox outbreak across Africa. The plan describes coordinated
...
actions to strengthen surveillance, laboratory capacity, case detection and contact tracing in affected countries. It also focuses on improving access to vaccines, diagnostics and treatment, supporting healthcare systems, and enhancing risk communication and community engagement. In addition, the document highlights the importance of regional and international cooperation, resource mobilization and technical support to help African countries control the outbreak and prevent further spread. Overall, the plan serves as a continental framework to guide a coordinated public health response to mpox in Africa.
more
The book is designed for use everywhere, and especially in low-resource settings. With its focus on improving conditions at the community level, this book proposes ways to challenge stigma and build support for people with epilepsy, especially in places where care is limited. Prevent, manage, live w
...
ell with epilepsy, and take action against epilepsy stigma with this friendly and illustrated guide. This comprehensive, easily understood resource gives you a handle on complex physical and social aspects of epilepsy.
Now available to purchase now through Hesperian’s online book store!
more
TArtificial intelligence (AI) is transforming health systems, reshaping how care is planned, delivered and governed. This report presents the first assessment of AI integration into health systems across the whole of the WHO European Region, based on findings from the 2024–2025 survey on AI for he
...
alth care. It examines national strategies, governance models, legal and ethical frameworks, workforce readiness, data governance, stakeholder engagement, private sector roles and the uptake of AI applications. Drawing on insights from 50 Member States, the report explores how countries are navigating opportunities and challenges, highlighting emerging trends, gaps and practices to guide policy-makers towards coherent, ethical and people-centred approaches to AI in health care.
more
Les équipes médicales d'urgence nationales constituent la meilleure option pour apporter une réponse immédiate et adaptée aux situations d'urgence touchant directement les populations, tandis que les équipes internationales peuvent contribuer à soulager les systèmes de santé débordés. L'e
...
fficacité et l'efficience des pays et des autorités locales dans la mobilisation des ressources existantes dépendent entièrement de la qualité des soins qu'ils sont en mesure de fournir. Cette publication sert de guide pratique aux équipes et vise à compléter les systèmes d'intervention d'urgence, en favorisant une collaboration harmonieuse avec l'ensemble des acteurs et des réseaux d'intervention d'urgence
more
Hygiene Awareness Manual (Arabic) - GIZ
recommended
The "Hygiene Awareness Manual" focuses on promoting improved hygiene practices within communities, emphasizing personal and household hygiene, water safety, and environmental health. It highlights the importance of handwashing, oral hygiene, and maintaining cleanliness of the skin and clothing as ke
...
y aspects of personal and family hygiene. Specific practices such as regular bathing and wearing clean clothes are also emphasized.
For household hygiene, the manual provides guidance on safe food preparation and storage, as well as keeping living spaces, kitchens, and latrines clean to prevent contamination. It also addresses water safety, emphasizing the need to store water in clean containers, treat it for safe consumption, and dispose of wastewater properly to avoid environmental contamination.
The manual underscores the significance of balanced nutrition and food safety, offering guidelines for cooking and preserving food to reduce health risks. It also delves into disease prevention, explaining the causes and transmission of waterborne and hygiene-related diseases, such as cholera and dysentery, and outlining effective methods to prevent them through proper sanitation and hygiene.
This comprehensive guide serves as a practical resource for community health workers and households, aiming to foster better hygiene practices, prevent diseases, and enhance overall health and well-being.
more
The PDF "Vamos proteger-nos da Cólera" provides comprehensive guidance on cholera prevention and response strategies, particularly for use in community health settings. It emphasizes the importance of safe water use by treating water with bleach, boiling it for at least 5 minutes, or using purifica
...
tion tablets like Aquatabs. Handwashing is highlighted as a key measure, especially after using the latrine, before preparing food, and before eating. Sanitation practices include using and maintaining clean latrines or, if unavailable, burying feces far from homes and water sources.
The document also addresses diarrhea treatment, recommending the preparation and use of Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) with added zinc for effective recovery. It encourages breastfeeding for infants with diarrhea and stresses the importance of cooking food thoroughly, keeping it covered, and ensuring all utensils and surfaces are clean. Proper waste management, including the disposal of household waste, is highlighted to maintain a clean and safe environment.
In emergency situations, the guide advises seeking immediate medical attention for severe diarrhea and emphasizes the prompt burial of bodies during outbreaks to prevent contamination. Additionally, it provides visuals and strategies for community engagement, empowering health workers and communities to promote awareness and adopt effective cholera prevention measures.
more
Procurement and supply management activities are fundamental to consistent and reliable access to essential medicines and health products. To reduce the impact of CVD, action needs to be taken to improve prevention, diagnosis, care and management of CVD diseases. Affordable essential medicines and t
...
echnologies to manage CVD disease must be available where and when they are required. Medicines and technologies need to be managed appropriately to ensure that the correct medicines are selected, procured in the right quantities, distributed to facilities in a timely manner, and handled and stored in a way that maintains their quality. This needs to be backed up by policies that enable sufficient quantities to be procured in order to reduce cost inefficiencies, ensure the reliability and security of the distribution system, and encourage the appropriate use of these health products. In order to avoid stock-outs and the disruption of treatment, all related activities need to be conducted in a timely manner, with performance continually monitored, and prompt action taken in response to problems that may arise. Additionally, medication must be dispensed correctly and used rationally by the healthcare provider and patient alike. The purpose of this guide is to explain the necessary steps.
more
Migration continues to be an essential ingredient of socioeconomic development everywhere.
Whether it is a case of people moving from the countryside to cities to find work, or people crossing seas and borders to meet host country demands for new labour, migrants are an integral part of the modern
...
world. They bring with them new skills and talents, and a willingness to take on jobs that host societies have difficulty filling. Despite this, migrants tend to be overlooked by many health and social service systems. They are also vulnerable to exclusion, stigma and discrimination, particularly if “undocumented” or irregular. Today, in the context of COVID-19, a neglect of migrants will make it impossible to stem the pandemic.
These Notes are designed to remind national and local authorities that the war against COVID-19 cannot be won if migrants are forgotten; unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno”, or one for all, and all for one, must guide the fight against COVID-19.
more
As a lower-middle-income country (LMIC), South Africa (SA) bears
the burden of maternal and neonatal mortality similar to other sub-
Saharan African countries. According to the Saving Mothers Report
2017/19, there has been a progressive and sustained reduction
in institutional maternal mortality
...
(iMMR) in the past three triennia
(2010-2019), from 320 per 100,000 live births to 120 per 100,000 live
births.
According to the Rapid Mortality Survey, the country’s infant mortality
rate has declined from 29 deaths per 1000 live births in 2014 to 25
deaths per 1,000 live births in 2018. The institutional neonatal death
rate showed a slight decrease from 12,7 deaths per 1,000 live births in
2016 to the current level of 12 per 1,000 live births and has remained
static at this level for the past three years (saDHIS).
Working towards the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of reducing maternal mortality to below 70 per 100 000 live births and neonatal mortality to 12 deaths per 1000 live births, South Africa aims to reduce institutional maternal mortality, neonatal mortality and stillbirths by 50% by 2030.
This Maternal, Perinatal and Neonatal Health Policy provides a
framework for the delivery of quality, comprehensive, and integrated
MNH services and will guide the development and review of guidelines
and related MNH interventions, including strengthening of the service
delivery platform, governance, leadership and accountability for
the provision of quality MNH services, development of advocacy
messages, and guiding civil society priorities and community
initiatives. The policy will also guide the development and review of
academic curricula and the setting of research priorities.
more
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a threat to global health and development and it contributes to millions of deaths worldwide each year. Inappropriate use and overuse of antibiotics are driving an increase in AMR and have a detrimental impact on the effectiveness of these critical medicines. Throug
...
h the Global Action Plan on AMR, WHO is working to improve the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and reduce inappropriate antibiotic consumption.
There is a recognized need for high-quality resources to improve antibiotic prescribing globally. To address this need, a pragmatic approach was taken by WHO to develop actionable guidance for empiric antibiotic use.
The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book provides concise, evidence-based guidance on the choice of antibiotic, dose, route of administration, and duration of treatment for more than 30 of the most common clinical infections in children and adults in both primary health care and hospital settings. The information included in the book supports the recommendations for antibiotics listed on the WHO Model Lists of Essential Medicines and Essential Medicines Children and the WHO AWaRe classification of antibiotics.
The WHO AWaRe antibiotic book is accompanied by summary infographics for each infection for both adults and children that provide a quick-reference guide for health care workers at the point of care.
more
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a growing public health problem in Ghana and other African countries. Strokes and other CVDs have become a leading cause of death due to increasing risk factors such as hypertension. According to the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD), ischaemic heart disease was
...
the fourth leading cause of death in Ghana in 2016. The prevalence of hyper-
tension, a major risk factor for CVDs, is increasing rapidly and ranges from 19% to 48%, according to the Ghana Health Service Annual Report, 2017, due to rising life expectancy and the increasing prevalence of contributing factors such as overweight/obesity. Early diagnosis and adequate management of the risk factors can reduce the fatal consequences of CVDs.
At the heart of improving risk assessment and management of CVDs are nationally approved guidelines, which facilitate standardisation of care approaches.
These guidelines developed by experts from all levels of health care and stakeholders capture all recommended approaches and necessary information for clinicians and other healthcare workers on CVDs. They also serve as a practical guide for assessing and managing the most important CVDs prevalent in Ghana and can be used at all levels of care namely health facilities without a doctor; with a general practitioner and with a physician specialist.
more
The Guidelines for the Use of the APCA African Palliative Outcome Scale (POS) has been developed by the APCA, in collaboration with
stakeholders, to help appropriately trained health practitioners and researchers across the region to utilise the APCA African POS in their work place (Powell et
...
al, 2007; Warria et al, 2007). Not only do the guidelines provide a clear rationale for measuring palliative care outcomes, but they also outline practical information on how to use the tool to collect data and analyse its results. So why is there a need for these guidelines?
Palliative care as a concept and discipline is not well understood across Africa, and its development is still embryonic in many countries. While there are many obstacles that hinder palliative care development on the continent, a key challenge is the lack of accurate information about the palliative care being provided and its outcomes. The APCA African POS is a useful tool to help us measure these outcomes and, given that
measuring palliative care outcomes remains a relatively new concept, it is important to guide people on how to use the tool. Of course, these guidelines are not intended to address everything related to the measurement of palliative care outcomes; they contain only essential information for providers. More detailed information on the use of outcome tools, and in particular within the research setting, can be gained from contacting relevantly trained professionals.
more
The document “Public Health Surveillance for Cholera – Guidance Document (2024)” provides practical recommendations for countries on how to design, implement, and strengthen cholera surveillance systems. Developed by the Global Task Force on Cholera Control (GTFCC), it outlines the minimum req
...
uirements for detecting, confirming, reporting, and monitoring cholera cases and outbreaks.
The guidance explains the core functions of cholera surveillance, including case detection, laboratory testing (such as RDTs, culture, and PCR), routine data collection, outbreak notification, case and field investigation, data analysis, and performance monitoring. It also describes how surveillance strategies should be adapted depending on whether a country is experiencing no outbreak, clustered transmission, or community transmission.
Overall, the document aims to help countries establish adaptive, fit-for-purpose surveillance systems that enable early outbreak detection, guide timely response measures, and support long-term cholera control and elimination efforts.
more
