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Screening for cardiovascular disease risk and subsequent management in low and middle income countries: challenges and opportunities

Bovet, P.; Chiolero, A.; Paccaud, F. et al. Public Health Reviews (2015) CC

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), mainly heart attack and stroke, is the leading cause of premature mortality in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Identifying and managing individuals at high risk of CVD is an important strategy to prevent and control CVD, in addition to multisector ... al population-based interventions to reduce CVD risk factors in the entire population. Methods: We describe key public health considerations in identifying and managing individuals at high risk of CVD in LMICs. Results: A main objective of any strategy to identify individuals at high CVD risk is to maximize the number of CVD events averted while minimizing the numbers of individuals needing treatment. Scores estimating the total risk of CVD (e.g. ten-year risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD) are available for LMICs, and are based on the main CVD risk factors (history of CVD, age, sex, tobacco use, blood pressure, blood cholesterol and diabetes status). Opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors enables identification of persons with high CVD risk, but this strategy can be widely applied in low resource settings only if cost effective interventions are used (e.g. the WHO Package of Essential NCD interventions for primary health care in low resource settings package) and if treatment (generally for years) can be sustained, including continued availability ofaffordable medications and funding mechanisms that allow people to purchase medications without impoverishing them (e.g. universal access to health care). Thisalso emphasises the need to re-orient health systems in LMICs towards chronic diseases management. Conclusion: The large burden of CVD in LMICs and the fact that persons with high CVD can be identified and managed along cost-effective interventions mean that health systems need to be structured in a way that encourages patient registration, opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors, efficient procedures for the management of chronic conditions (e.g. task sharing) and provision of affordable treatment for those with high CVD risk. The focus needs to be in primary care because that is where most of the population can access health care and because CVD programmes can be run effectively at this level. more

Contracting between faith-based and public health sector in Sub-Saharan Africa: an ongoing crisis? The cases of Cameroon, Tanzania, Chad and Uganda

Delphine Boulenger, Basile Keugoung & Bart Criel, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp Medicus Mundi International Network (MMI) (2009) C1

World Development Indicators. Highlights: Featuring the Sustainable Development Goals 2016

World Bank Group (2016) CC

Extraced from the full version of WDI 2016

Accountability in education: MEETING OUR COMMITMENTS

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (2017) CC

GLOBAL EDUCATION MONITORING REPORT 2017/8

South African Human Rights Commision (SAHRC) - Equality Report 2012

SAHRC (2011) CC

WHO presence in countries, territories and areas: 2023 report

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

The 2023 Country Presence Report provides an overview of what WHO does in countries to advance towards the SDGs and implement GPW13, how we do it, with whom we work, and what is needed to overcome challenges for achieving results and impact in countries.

Toward Resilience
recommended

Marilise Turnbull, Charlotte L. Sterrett, and Amy Hilleboe Practical Action Publishing Ltd, Catholic Relief Services (2013) C1

A Guide to Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation

The Gap Report 2014 People with Disabilities

Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) (2014) C2

Zambia Steps for Non Communicable Risk Factors

Ministry of Health, Zambia Bloomberg Philanthropic; WHO, Path, et al. (2017) CC

Zambia Report for 2017

Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles

Ciais, P.; and C. Sabine IPCC (2018) CC

This chapter addresses the biogeochemical cycles of carbon dioxide. (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O)

WHO framework for meaningful engagement of people living with noncommunicable diseases, and mental health and neurological conditions

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

The overall objective of the framework is to support WHO and Members States in meaningful engagement of people living with NCDs, and mental health and neurological conditions to co-create and enhance related policies, programmes and services. This framework will contribute to advancing understanding ... more

Closing the Gap: The Health Disparities of Older LGBTI People in the Americas

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

The chapter Closing the Gap: The Health Disparities of Older LGBTI People in the Americas, is part of the publication series titled ‘Decade of Healthy Aging: situation and challenges’. In order to outline the current knowledge available on the situation of health and well-being of older persons ... more

Code Red for Health response in Latin America and the Caribbean: Enhancing peoples' health through climate action

Yglesias_González; M.; et al. (2022) CC

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2022;00: 100248 Published online xxx https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2022.100248. The Lancet Countdown report, discuss the overlapping social, climate and health challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean, and urge multisectoral and political action to trans ... more

A Guide for Preparing, Mapping, and Linking Logistics Data to a Geographic Information System

Inglis, Andrew USAID | DELIVER PROJECT, Task Order 4 (2012)

This guide is an introduction on how to integrate logistics management information systems (LMIS) with geographic information systems (GIS). It covers the value of integrating these two systems, the steps in assessing if it is currently viable to link the systems, how to set the linkage, the process ... more

HIV prevention in the Spotlight

M. Alonso González; J. Hourcade Bellocq; M. B. Mello; et al. Pan American Health Organization; World Health Organization (Americas); UNAIDS (2017) C_WHO

An analysis from the perspective of the health sector in Latin America and the Caribbean Washington, D.C., 2017

National Response Efforts to Address Sexual Violence and Exploitation Against Children in Lesotho: A Desktop Study

Weber, Stephanie Arlington, VA: USAID’s AIDS Support and Technical Assistance Resources, AIDSTAR-One, Task Order 1 (2013) C2

Scant data exists on the prevalence of violence against children worldwide. However, available information, including the United Nations Secretary-General’s Study on Violence against Children, shows that violence against children is a global problem. This desktop study aims to glean from published ... more

World report on child injury prevention

World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Peden, Margie et al. (2008) C_WHO

Every year, around 830 000 children die from unintentional or "accidental" injuries. The vast majority of these injuries occur in low-income and middle-income countries. However, dozens of prevention strategies and programmes exist. If they were integrated into other child survival programmes and im ... more

Santé maternelle et neonatale au Sénégal - Succès et Défis

Touré, L.; D. Wane, S. Alford et. al. USAid du peuple americain, Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (2012) C2

Après une description de la méthodologie utilisée, le rapport présente le contexte de l’exécution des programmes de santé maternelle et néonatale au Sénégal, les acquis enregistrés, les défis relevés et réponses apportées, avant d’aboutir aux conclusions et recommandations.

An Analysis of the Trends, Differentials and Key Proximate Determinants of Infant and Under-Five Mortality in Ethiopia

Negera, Assefa, Gebeyehu Abelti, Terefe Bogale, Tesfayi Gebreselassie, and Roger Pearson (2013) C1

Further Analysis of the 2000, 2005, and 2011 Demographic and Health Surveys. DHS Further Analysis Reports No. 79

Disability in humanitarian context Views from affected people and field organisations

Handicap International (2015) C2

STUDY - 2015 | Advocacy