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The burden of asthma in children: a Latin American perspective

Bueno Fischer, G.; Moreira Camargos, P. A.; Teresinha Mocelin, H. (2005) CC2

Worldwide, studies on asthma prevalence have shown major rises over the last 30 years. The impact on the burden of asthma is being increasingly recognised. In some countries in Latin America, the prevalence of asthma is among the highest in the world. Asthma admissions are very common in children, l... more

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Current epidemiological evidence for predisposition to high or low intensity human helminth infection: a systematic review

Wright J.E., Werkman M., Dunn J.C. et al Parasites and Vectors (2018) C2

Background: The human helminth infections include ascariasis, trichuriasis, hookworm infections, schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis (LF) and onchocerciasis. It is estimated that almost 2 billion people worldwide are infected with helminths. Whilst the WHO treatment guidelines for helminth infecti...ons are mostly aimed at controlling morbidity, there has been a recent shift with some countries moving towards goals of disease elimination through mass drug administration, especially for LF and onchocerciasis. However, as prevalence is driven lower, treating entire populations may no longer be the most efficient or cost-effective strategy. Instead, it may be beneficial to identify individuals or demographic groups who are persistently infected, often termed as being “predisposed” to infection, and target treatment at them. Methods: The authors searched Embase, MEDLINE, Global Health, and Web of Science for all English language, humanbased papers investigating predisposition to helminth infections published up to October 31st, 2017. The varying definitions used to describe predisposition, and the statistical tests used to determine its presence, are summarised. Evidence for predisposition is presented, stratified by helminth species, and risk factors for predisposition to infection are identified and discussed. Results: In total, 43 papers were identified, summarising results from 34 different studies in 23 countries. Consistent evidence of predisposition to infection with certain species of human helminth was identified. Children were regularly found to experience greater predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium than adults. Females were found to be more predisposed to A. lumbricoides infection than were males. Household clustering of infection was identified for A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and S. japonicum. Ascaris lumbricoides and T. trichiura also showed evidence of familial predisposition. Whilst strong evidence for predisposition to hookworm infection was identified, findings with regards to which groups were affected were considerably more varied than for other helminth species. Conclusion: This review has found consistent evidence of predisposition to heavy (and light) infection for certain human helminth species. However, further research is needed to identify reasons for the reported differences between demographic groups. Molecular epidemiological methods associated with whole genome sequencing to determine ‘who infects whom’ may shed more light on the factors generating predisposition. more

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Manual for the Health Care of Children in Humanitarian Emergencies

World Health Organization WHO (2008) C_WHO

This manual was developed based on the recommendations of a global technical consultation on child health in humanitarian emergencies co-organized by WHO and UNICEF at the end of 2003. WHO in collaboration with the Centre for Refugee and Disaster Response, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Ho... more

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Pocket book of hospital care for children
recommended

World Health Organization (WHO) (2013) C_WHO

Guidelines for the Management of common childhood Illness. 2nd edition These guidelines focus on the management of the major causes of childhood mortality in most developing countries, such as newborn problems, pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria, meningitis, septicaemia, measles and related conditions, ... more

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Standard operating procedures (SOP) for the management of tuberculosis in children

National Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Lung Disease Program (NTLD-Program), Kenya Ministry of Health, Kenya (2017) C1

2nd edition. Children with TB comprise about 10-12% of the total TB cases diagnosed in the country. This burden is likely to be higher given the challenges in diagnosing TB in children. The symptoms of TB in children mimic those of other childhood diseases. Children do not readily expectorate and th... more

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Guidance for national tuberculosis programmes on the management of tuberculosis in children

Stephen Graham, Malgosia Grzemska, Suzanne Hill et al World Health Organization WHO (2014) C_WHO

2nd edition. Like the original, this second edition of the guidance aims to inform the revision of existing national guidelines and standards for managing Tuberculosis (TB), many of which include guidance on children. It includes recommendations, based on the best available evidence, for improving ... more

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S2 k-Leitlinie zur Diagnostik, Prävention und Therapie der Tuberkulose im Kindes - und Jugendalter

Feiterna- Sperling, C., F. Brinkmann, C. Adamzik, et al. Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Infektiologie (DGPI) e.V. (2017) C2

Consensus -based guidelines for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in children and adolescents

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Prevention and Control of Cholera Uganda
recommended

Ministry of Health Uganda, Control of Diarrheal Diseases (2017) C1

Operational Guidelines for the national and district health workers & planners. These new approaches include use of selective chemotherapy, Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), Zinc for treatment of cholera in children and complementary use of OCV

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Sexual Reproductive Health of Women Living HIV/AIDS

World Health Organization; UNFPA (2006)

Guidelines on care, treatment and support for women living with HIV/AIDS and their children in resource-constrained settings

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Directrices de la OMS sobre el tratamiento farmacológico del dolor persistente en niños con enfermedades médicas

World Health Organization (2012)

The Access to Controlled Medications Programme identified the development of treatment guidelines that cover the treatment of all types of pain as one of the core areas of focus for improving access to opioid analgesics. Such guidelines are interesting both for health-care professionals and policy-... more

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Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Asthma: Practice Adjustments and Disease Burden

Papadopoulos, N.G.; Custovic, A.; Deschildre, A. et al. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice (2020) CC

Coronavirus disease 2019 has a mild disease course in children and adolescents. Chronic respiratory conditions, including asthma, have been suggested as risk factors; however, asthma in children is highly variable in both triggers and severity. During the pandemic, pediatric asthma services limite... more

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Clinical Guidelines HIV

Clinical Info HIV (2021) C1

The federally approved medical practice guidelines for HIV/AIDS are developed by panels of experts in HIV care. More information about the panels can be found in each set of guidelines. The guidelines are available in multiple formats. The brief versions of the guidelines are compilations of the pa... more

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National Manual for the Management of HIV-related Opportunistic Infections and Conditions

Ministry of Health, Kenya (2008) C2

A healthcare worker manual. 2nd edition The development of this National Manual for the Management of HIV-related Opportunistic Infections and Conditions for use by health care workers at the frontline of our fight against HIV/AIDS is intended to improve their understanding of the causes, preventio... more

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Psychosocial Care for Pediatric Cancer. Module 01: Psychosocial assessment

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Advances in the treatment of pediatric cancer have made it possible to expand initiatives beyond cure and cover aspects such as early detection, continuity of treatment and reduction in toxicity. All this has paved the way for a more comprehensive vision of patient care, which means better chances o... more

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Preschool PTSD Treatment

Scheeringa, M.S., Amaya-Jackson, L. & Cohen, J. (2010) C2

Version 1.7 Updated October 14, 2010 | Preschool PTSD Treatment (PPT) is a theory-driven, manualized protocol based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with modifications for young children. Some of these modifications involve parent-child relationship dynamics that are salient for this age grou... more

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Children’s Palliative Care and Human Rights

Open Society Foundation (2015) C1

Palliative care for children with life-limiting illness is the active total care of the child’s body, mind, and spirit. It begins at diagnosis and continues regardless of whether the child receives treatment directed at the disease. It seeks to control all forms of suffering related to the illness... more