Guidelines for the Management of common childhood Illness. 2nd edition These guidelines focus on the management of the major causes of childhood mortality in most developing countries, such as newborn problems, pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria, meningitis, septicaemia, measles and related conditions, severe acute malnutrition and paediatric HIV/AIDS. It also covers common procedures, patient monitoring and supportive care on the wards and some common surgical conditions that can be managed in small hospitals. A smart phone and tablet application is available from the Apple or Google Play Store. Special attention is drawn to the following sections, which are particulary relevant within the COVID-19 context: Chapter 4: information on cough and difficulty in breathing, pneumonia and bronchiolitis; Chapter 10: information on essential supportive care including feeding, fluid and oxygen provision; Annex 1: information on related practical procedures.