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Influencing food environments for healthy diets

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2016) C2

Food environments are usually defined as the settings with all the different types of food made available and accessible to people as they go about their daily lives. That is, the range of food in supermarkets, small retail outlets, wet markets, street food stalls, coffee shops, tea houses, s...chool canteens, restaurants, and all the other venues where people buy and eat food. These environments differ enormously depending on the context. They can be extensive and diverse, with a seemingly endless array of options and price ranges, or they can be sparse, with very few options on offer. Because they determine what food consumers can access at a given moment in time, at what price, and with what degree of convenience, food environments both constrain and prompt the consumer’s choice.Food environments are influenced by the food systems which supply them, and vice versa. Food systems encompass the entire range of activities, people and institutions involved in the production, processing, marketing, consumption and disposal of food (FAO, 2013). They include but are not limited to food supply chains. Making food systems nutrition-sensitive can contribute to addressing all forms of malnutrition, as food systems determine whether the food needed for good nutrition are available, affordable, acceptable and of adequate quantity and quality. How closely food systems and food environments are interrelated and interdependent, and the degree to which external factors affect nutrition outcomes, varies from setting to setting.Many of today’s food systems and food environments are challenged in supporting consumer choices that are consistent with healthy diets and good nutrition. Consumers are not making choices based on nutrition and health, and poor diet is now the number one risk factor for death and disability worldwide (GBD, 2015). Food systems that do not enable healthy diets are increasingly recognized as an underlying cause of malnutrition (GLOPAN, 2016), and malnutrition, irrespective of form, has a huge cost. Economic costs associated with undernutrition are estimated at $1-2 trillion per year, about 2-3% of global GDP (FAO, 2013); the global economic cost of obesity and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases is estimated at $2 trillion per year, about 2.8% of global GDP (McKinsey, 2014). Influencing food environments for promoting healthy diets is an emerging strategy to address today’s nutrition challenges. more

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Secondhand Smoke infographics - Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC

Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2015) CC2

Secondhand smoke and the harmful chemicals in it are known causes of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, ear infections.and asthma attacks in infants and children. They are also known causes of HEART DISEASE,stroke, and lung cancer in adult nonsmokers.

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Quality Assessment Guidebook: A guide to assessing health services for adolescent clients.

World Health Organization (WHO) (2009) C_WHO

Over the past few decades and throughout the world, the landscape of adolescent health has been altered dramatically. Currently, the total population of adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 years is 1.2 billion – the largest generation of young people in history. The vast majority of adolesce... more

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General Clinic Infection Control QA/QI Checklist

Family Health International FHI (2007)

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Quality of care in contraceptive information and services, based on human rights standards: A checklist for health care providers

Rajat Khosla, Moazzam Ali and Jane Cottingham World Health Organisation (WHO) (2017) C_WHO

This checklist covers five areas of competence needed by health care providers to provide quality of care in contraceptive information and services including: respecting users’ privacy and guaranteeing contfidentiality, choice, accessible and acceptable services, involvement of users in improving ... more

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Avoid air pollution - Avoid Asthma

Achieving control of asthma in children in africa - acacia (2022) CC2

Pollution (dirty air) is a big trigger for asthma as it makes it difficult to breathe and affects the health of humans, animals, and plants. Avoiding pollution helps prevent asthma symptoms!

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Zambia: National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan 2017-2021

National Malaria Elimination Centre, Ministry of Health, Zambia (2017) C2

Moving from accelerated burden reduction to malaria elimination in Zambia

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Malaria diagnostics technology and market landscape. 3rd edition
recommended

UNITAID World Health Organization (WHO) (2022) C_WHO

4th edition

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Conditions for use of long-lasting insecticidal nets treated with a pyrethroid and piperonyl butoxide

World Health Organization WHO (2015)

Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) treated with a pyrethroid insecticide and the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) have become available. Two of these nets (Olyset®Plus and PermaNet®3.0) have a WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES) interim recommendation as LLINs

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Secondhand smoke can infiltrate into other units through hallways and stairwell

Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2016) CC2

Secondhand smoke can infiltrate into other units through hallways and stairwells. Don’t be shy when it comes to your health. Talk to your building manager about making your apartment smokefree.

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National Framework for Malaria Elimination in India 2016-2030
recommended

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India (2016) CC

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National Policy on Injection Safety and Medical Waste Management

Ministry of Health, Kenya (2017) C1

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Guidelines on Drug Registration Applications in Botswana

Drugs Advisory Board, Republic of Botswana (Gabarone, Botswana) (2000)

First Revised Edition March 2000

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A framework for malaria elimination

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

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Training module on malaria elimination. Guide for Participants

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO

This Training module on malaria elimination has been developed by WHO to support health professionals in planning, managing, monitoring and evaluating malaria elimination programmes

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India: Guide to Supervsion, Monitoring and Evaluation of TB HIV Collaborative Activities

National AIDSControl (NACO), Government of India; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2016) C1

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Management of pneumonia in community settings
recommended

World Health Organization (2004)

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Basic occupational safety and health for respiratory diseases

The Union (2021) C1

A desk guide for health facilities . It outlines a comprehensive approach to respiratory health, which health facilities can adapt and implement in resource-limited settings