Despite some improvements, current levels of air pollution still pose a considerable risk to the environment and to human health in the WHO European Region. One issue of concern is that monitoring of particulate matter is very limited in the countries of eastern Europe, the Caucasus and central Asia.... This paper summarizes the evidence about the health effects of air pollution from particulate matter and presents the policy implications, the aim being to stimulate policy-makers to develop more effective strategies to reduce air pollution and its health effects in those countries.
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Брифинг ВОЗ о
1. Распространение курения
2. Смертность, связанная с курением табака
3. Расходы на лечение болезней, связанных с курением табака
4. Воздействие мер, н...аправленных на борьбу с потреблением табака
5. Воздействие налогообложения табачных изделий на здоровье
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Q 1: Are antidepressants (Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)) better (more
effective than/as safe as) than treatment as usual (placebo) in adults with depressive episode/disorder?
Q 3: Is brief, structured psychological treatment in non-specialist health care settings better (more effective than/as safe as) than treatment as usual in people with depressive episode/disorder?
Q 4: Is behavioural activation better (more effective than/as safe as) than treatment as usual in adults with depressive episode/disorder?brief, structured psychological treatment in non-specialist health care settings better (more effective than/as safe as) than treatment as usual in people with de...pressive episode/disorder?
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Q14. SCOPING QUESTION: In adults with psychotic disorders (including schizophrenia), what is the comparative effectiveness and safety of second-generation antipsychotic medications?
Q3: In individuals with a first psychotic episode with full remission, how long should antipsychotic drug treatment be continued after remission in order to allow for the best outcomes?
Q1: In individuals with psychotic disorders (including schizophrenia), are antipsychotic drugs safe and effective?
Q6: Is advice on physical activity better (more effective than/as safe as) than treatment as usual in adults with depressive episode/disorder with inactive lifestyles
Q4: Should community based rehabilitation be offered to children with intellectual disabilities?
Q3: What approaches are available to enable non-specialized health care providers to identify children with intellectual disabilities, including intellectual disabilities due to specific causes?
Q7: What is the effectiveness, safety and role of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, within non- specialist health care for children with a diagnosis of Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
Q 12: In children and adolescents with anxiety disorders, what is the effectiveness and safety, considering system issues in low- and middle-income countries, of using pharmacological interventions in non-specialist settings?
Q10: Are antidepressants (Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)) effective and safe in children 6-12 years of age with depressive episode/disorder?
Q2: What interventions are safe and effective for drug withdrawal (cannabis, amphetamines, cocaine, benzodiazepines, and inhalants)?
Q6: Can dementia be diagnosed at first or second level care by non-specialist health care providers? What should be the assessment process for the diagnosis of dementia?
Q12: Should the treatment be similar in individuals with intellectual disability and epilepsy compared to people with epilepsy only?
Q8: For people with dementia, what is the role of a medical review (including comorbid physical and mental conditions and medication use)?
Q4: For people with dementia with associated depression, do antidepressants when compared to placebo/comparator produce benefits/harm in the specified outcomes?