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Publication Years
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9 March 2022, Timely and accurate diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 is an essential part of a comprehensive COVID-19 response strategy. Ag-RDTs can be performed by individuals in which they collect their own specimen, perform
...
a simple rapid test and interpret their test result themselves at a time and place of their choosing, termed COVID-19 self-testing. This interim guidance provides a new recommendation that COVID-19 self-testing, using SARS-CoV-2 Ag-RDTs, should be offered as part of SARS-CoV-2 testing services. It also includes implementation considerations that can guide decisions on whether, and how, to adopt self-testing in different contexts, including the populations being prioritized; the disease prevalence in that population; and the impact on accessibility of testing, health care services and result reporting.
more
On the global scale, the impacts of the current food system on the environment are severe. The agro-industrial revolution has made it possible to increase food production at a price.
March 2022. This report on good practices to combat AMR focuses on activities across human, animal, and environmental health in European countries. The report provides a description of practices, how they were implemented, achievements, and why the
...
practice was unique.
more
En 2015, murieron 5,9 millones de niños menores de cinco años (1). Las principales causas de muerte en los niños a nivel mundial son la neumonía, la prematuridad, las complicaciones durante el parto, la sepsis neonatal, las anomalías conge
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́nitas, las enfermedades diarreicas, las lesiones y la malaria (2). La mayoría de estas enfermedades y condiciones son provocadas al menos en parte por el medio ambiente.
more
E-book Project Reab Post-Covid
O projeto Reab pós-Covid-19 foi elaborado em parceria entre Ministério da Saúde, Conselho Nacional de Secretários de Saúde (CONASS), Conselho Nacional de Secretarias Municipais de Saúde (Conasems) e o SírioLibanês. Uma das ações desenvolvidas foi
...
a elaboração do material apresentado a seguir. Por meio dele buscamos facilitar a difusão do conhecimento sobre o tema e o que há de oficial no Brasil sobre o assunto de maneira prática, objetiva e compatível com a realidade do SUS.
more
Current Environmental Health Reports volume 7, pages 363–370 (2020)
Climate change has direct impacts on human health, but those impacts vary widely by location. Local health impacts depend on a large number of factors including specific regional
...
climate impacts, demographics and human vulnerabilities, and existing local adaptation capacity. There is a need to incorporate local data and concerns into climate adaptation plans and evaluate different approaches.
more
Cascading risks from rising prices and supply disruptions, April 2022.
Global resource markets are still reeling from the impacts of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine; the two countries are major suppliers of energy, food and fertilizers. Supply disruption and the sudden imposition, in response to the
...
crisis, of unprecedented economic sanctions, trade restrictions and policy interventions have caused prices of commodities to skyrocket.
Before the conflict, demand for global resources already exceeded supply and drove up prices as economies rebounded after the COVID-19 pandemic. This gave rise to a global cost-of-living crisis, characterized by increasing levels of energy and food poverty. This situation is likely to become much worse as a consequence of the war in Ukraine, and poses a threat to human security, particularly among low-income and vulnerable populations.
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Over the ages, human societies have altered local ecosystems and modified regional climates. Today the human influence has attained a global scale. This reflects the recent rapid increase in population size, energy consumption, intensity of land use
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, international trade and travel, and other human activities. These global changes have heightened awareness that the long-term good health of populations depends on the continued stability of biosphere's ecological, physical and socioeconomic systems.
The world's climate system is an integral part of the complex of life-supporting processes. Like other large systems, the global climate system is coming under pressure from human activities.
This book seeks to describe the context and process of global climate change, its actual or likely impacts on health, and how human societies and their governments should respond with particular focus on the health sector.
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WBCSD Vision 2050 sets out the goal to achieve the highest attainable standard of health and wellbeing for everyone by 2050, calling for a world in which: people live healthy lives; societies promote and protect health; everyone has access to robust
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, resilient and sustainable healthcare services; and all workplaces promote health and wellbeing. Business has a significant role to play in realizing this vision, thereby creating healthier and happier societies and building business resilience.
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During the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic, the world’s economy slowed. Yet, the global annual average particulate pollution (PM2.5) was largely unchanged from 2019 levels. At the same time, growing evidence shows air pollution—even when experienced at very low levels—hurts human health. T
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his recently led the World Health Organization (WHO) to revise its guideline for what it considers a safe level of exposure of particulate pollution, bringing most of the world—97.3 percent of the global population—into the unsafe zone. The AQLI finds that particulate air pollution takes 2.2 years off global average life expectancy, or a combined 17 billion life-years, relative to a world that met the WHO guideline. This impact on life expectancy is comparable to that of smoking, more than three times that of alcohol use and unsafe water, six times that of HIV/AIDS, and 89 times that of conflict and terrorism.
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Despite its rich culture, great economic potential, high level of education and last but not least its sheer size – it is the largest state whose borders lie entirely within Europe and is 1.7 times the size of the Federal Republic of Germany – Ukraine seems far away in perception and awareness.
...
Publications on recent dramatic events, such as the Ukraine conflict or the Crimea crisis, have done little to change this. In fact, the armed conflict in the eastern Ukrainian oblasts of Donetsk and Luhansk, which has been ongoing since February 2014, is still a burdening feature of many political and economic difficulties destabilizing the country. News coverage of health issues in Ukraine has recently been dominated by highly critical reports on the handling of the Covid 19 pandemic. This pandemic exacerbated existing weaknesses in the Ukrainian health care system, but at least it did not create any new ones.
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The health sector In Ukraine is beginning to change in recent years. The sector, based on a system of health care (Semashko) originating from the Soviet Union, had been stagnant for many years. Remarkably little had changed since Independence and th
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e health care system is as of today still characterized by a very hierarchical and territorial system with large numbers of beds in institutional care settings. At the same time the Government of Ukraine has only limited resources available that are spread thin over the existing infrastructure
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For patients on HFNO with persistent hypoxaemia or respiratory distress:
• Check the equipment: inspect the exterior of the machine, the tubing (circuit), the prong for any sign of mechanical damage, confirm it fits and the filters are in place. Ensure the settings are appropriate and flow is max
...
imized.
• Check the oxygen source: there is sufficient oxygen available and flowing through the device. If FiO2 > 50% of oxygen is needed, the device must have a blender.
• Check there is no obstruction with secretions: patients with COVID-19 may have very thick secretions which may block small and large airways and cause sudden respiratory deterioration.
more
For patients on NIPPV or HFNO with persistent hypoxaemia or respiratory distress:
• Check the equipment: inspect the exterior of the machine, the tubing (circuit), the mask for any sign of mechanical damage, confirm it fits securely without leak (if CPAP/BiPAP) and the filters are in place. Ensur
...
e the settings are appropriate and flow is maximized.
• Check the oxygen source: there is sufficient oxygen available and flowing through the device. If FiO2 > 50% of oxygen is needed, the ventilator must have a blender.
• Check there is no obstruction with secretions: patients with COVID-19 may have very thick secretions which may block small and large airways and cause sudden respiratory deterioration.
more
L’ulcère de Buruli, une infection causée par Mycobacterium ulcerans, touche plus de 33 pays dans le monde, mais un peu moins de la moitié seulement de ces pays communiquent régulièrement des données sur la maladie à l’OMS.
Le monde fait face aux conséquences graves du manque de services et de traitements de santé mentale disponibles. Les troubles mentaux touchent tous les pays, toutes les cultures et toutes les collectivités. Selon l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), 10% de la charge mondiale de morbidit
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est liée aux troubles mentaux, neurologiques et à l’usage de substances psychoactives.
Dans les pays à revenu faible ou intermédiaire, plus de 75% des personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux ne reçoivent aucun traitement. En 2020, en raison de la pandémie mondiale, 93% des pays ont déclaré que leurs services de santé mentale ont été suspendus ou interrompus (OMS, 2020e). L’OMS a signalé une hausse de 25% des cas de dépression et d’anxiété durant la pandémie. L’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE) estime que la dépression et l’anxiété coûtent à l’économie mondiale 1 000 milliards d’USD par an.
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This document outlines the working structure and guiding principles for collaboration of COVAX, the Vaccines pillar of the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A). The working structure of COVAX continues to adapt to emerging needs and the chan
...
ging trajectory of the pandemic. Some components of the pandemic response capabilities united under COVAX may eventually be integrated into regional, national and sub national health systems, routine immunization programmes and future global pandemic preparedness and response (PPR) structures. Therefore, the working structures outlined in this document continue to evolve and the document provides a snapshot of the COVAX ways of working in the first half of 2022.
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Despite the significant role of vector control in national leishmaniasis control programmes, the programmatic community perceives vector control as the weakest component of leishmaniasis control strategies in terms of resources, scientific evidence of the usefulness of interventions and capacity for
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quality-assured implementation. Therefore, the main objective of this manual is to provide practical tools, techniques and procedures to strengthen sand fly control and surveillance in order to improve implementation of leishmaniasis control programmes. The manual provides a rationale for programme managers in different geographical regions on the types of vector control interventions to be used in different epidemiological and environmental settings and also how to measure their impact.
more
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the global community of countries, partners, donors, technical experts, scientists and field implementation teams continue to work towards the ultimate goal of a world free of the burden of neglected tropical
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diseases (NTDs).
more
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 14(1): e0007999. January 30, 2020 is the first-ever World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day (World NTD Day), a day when we celebrate the achievements made towards control of the world’s NTDs, yet recognize the daunting challenges
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we face in the control and elimination of these conditions.
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