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Победить жару: здоровье детей на фоне тепловых волн в Европе и Центральной Азии

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2024) CC

Beat the heat: child health amid heatwaves in Europe and Central Asia finds that half of these children died from heat-related illnesses in their first year of life. Most children died during the summer months. "Around half of children across Europe and Central Asia – or 92 million children –... are already exposed to frequent heatwaves in a region where temperatures are rising at the fastest rate globally. The increasingly high temperatures can have serious health complications for children, especially the youngest children, even in a short space of time. Without care, these complications can be life-threatening,” said Regina De Dominicis UNICEF Regional Director for Europe and Central Asia. Heat exposure has acute effects on children, even before they are born, and can result in pre-term births, low birth weight, stillbirth, and congenital anomalies. Heat stress is a direct cause of infant mortality, can affect infant growth and cause a range of paediatric diseases. The report also notes that extreme heat caused the loss of more than 32,000 years of healthy life among children and teenagers in the region. As the temperatures continue to rise, UNICEF urges governments across Europe and Central Asia to: - Integrate strategies to reduce the impact of heatwaves including through National Determined Contributions (NDC), National Adaptation Plans (NAP), and disaster risk reduction and disaster management policies with children at the centre of these plans Invest in heat health action plans and primary health care to more adequately support heat-related illness among children - Invest in early warning systems, including heat alert systems - Adapt education facilities to reduce the temperatures in the areas children play in and equip teachers with skills to respond to heat stress - Adapt urban design and infrastructure including ensuring buildings, particularly those housing the most vulnerable communities are equipped to minimize heat exposure - Secure the provision of safe water, particularly in countries with deteriorating water quality and availability. UNICEF works with governments, partners and communities across the region to build resilience against heatwaves. This includes equipping teachers, community health workers and families with the skills and knowledge to respond to heat stress. more

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Donor Funding for Newborn Survival: An Analysis of Donor-Reported Data, 2002–2010

Pitt1, C.; J. E. Lawn; M. Ranganathan et al. PLoS Med (2012) CC

Background:Neonatal mortality accounts for 43% of global under-five deaths and is decreasing more slowly than maternal or child mortality. Donor funding has increased for maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH), but no analysis to date has disaggregated aid for newborns. We evaluated if and how a... more

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Safety and security for national humanitarian workers

Stoddard, Abby ; Harmer, Adele ; Haver, Katherine Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) (2011) C1

Annex I to: To stay and deliver, good practice for humanitarians in complex security environments

The principal findings of the report include that despite overall improvements in aid agencies’ security risk management, national aid workers perceive continued inequities in security suppor... more

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The Ignored Pandemic: The Dual Crisis of Gender-Based Violence and COVID-19

Oxfam (2021) CC

24 Nov. 2021 Action against gender-based violence being pushed to the outlying margins of the global COVID-19 response A new Oxfam report shows an undeniable increase in gender-based violence (GBV) during the COVID-19 pandemic around the world to which too many governments and donors are not doi... more

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Government policy interventions to reduce human antimicrobial use: A systematic review and evidence map

Van Katwyk, S. R.; Grimshaw, J. M.; et al (2019) C2

BACKGROUND: Growing political attention to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) offers a rare opportunity for achieving meaningful action. Many governments have developed national AMR action plans, but most have not yet implemented policy interventions to reduce antimicrobial overuse. A systematic evidenc...e map can support governments in making evidence-informed decisions about implementing programs to reduce AMR, by identifying, describing, and assessing the full range of evaluated government policy options to reduce antimicrobial use in humans. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Seven databases were searched from inception to January 28, 2019, (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PAIS Index, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and PubMed). We identified studies that (1) clearly described a government policy intervention aimed at reducing human antimicrobial use, and (2) applied a quantitative design to measure the impact. We found 69 unique evaluations of government policy interventions carried out across 4 of the 6 WHO regions. These evaluations included randomized controlled trials (n = 4), non-randomized controlled trials (n = 3), controlled before-and-after designs (n = 7), interrupted time series designs (n = 25), uncontrolled before-and-after designs (n = 18), descriptive designs (n = 10), and cohort designs (n = 2). From these we identified 17 unique policy options for governments to reduce the human use of antimicrobials. Many studies evaluated public awareness campaigns (n = 17) and antimicrobial guidelines (n = 13); however, others offered different policy options such as professional regulation, restricted reimbursement, pay for performance, and prescription requirements. Identifying these policies can inform the development of future policies and evaluations in different contexts and health systems. Limitations of our study include the possible omission of unpublished initiatives, and that policies not evaluated with respect to antimicrobial use have not been captured in this review. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this is the first study to provide policy makers with synthesized evidence on specific government policy interventions addressing AMR. In the future, governments should ensure that AMR policy interventions are evaluated using rigorous study designs and that study results are published. more

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WASH FIT manual for Trainers

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

This manual for trainers outlines the information and materials required to undertake training in line with the WASH FIT Guide, including background documents, the content of the recommended training modules and training evaluation approaches. The modular approach outlined enables trainers to decide... more

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Safety and quality of water used with fresh fruits and vegetables

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; World Health Organization (WHO) (2021) C_WHO

During fresh fruit and vegetables (FFV) production, water is used for a variety of purposes. Even the water was conventionally treated and disinfected, it may still potentially contain human pathogens, albeit at low concentrations. A risk assessment, appropriate to the national or local production c... more

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Lessons from Civil-Military Disaster Management and Humanitarian Response to Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)

Harvard Humanitarian Intiative (2014)

n Autumn 2013, HHI Executive Director, Vincenzo Bollettino, traveled to the Philippines to participate in an assessment of civil-military engagement in the humanitarian response to Typhoon Haiyan. The report was sponsored by the Center for Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistanc... more

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Myanmar 2019 Humanitarian needs overview
recommended

Humanitarian Country Team in Myanmar UN (2019) CC

Over 244,000 displaced people remain in camps or camp-like situations in Kachin, Shan, Rakhine and Kayin states. Children make up at least 50 per cent of this population, while women and„Myanmar: 2019 Humanitarian Needs Overview - Myanmar“. ReliefWeb. Zugegriffen 4. Januar 2019. https://reliefw... more

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Guidance on tuberculosis control in vulnerable and hard-to-reach populations

Andreas Sandgren, Marieke J. van der Werf, Netta Beer et al. (2016) CC

This guidance provides an overview of interventions to improve early diagnosis of TB and treatment completion in these populations, as well as factors to consider when developing programmes for health communication, awareness and education, and programme monitoring and evaluation

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Beat the heat: Child health amid heatwaves in Europe and Central Asia

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2024) CC

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Eradicating yaws in Africa: challenges and progress

Tchatchouang, S. The Lancet Microbe (2022) CC

Yaws, a neglected tropical disease (NTD) of the skin caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue, is targeted in the latest WHO NTD Roadmap for eradication by 2030. In January, 2022, WHO published a manual that outlines the key activities that Ministries of Health in endemic count... more

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Healthy diet metrics: a suitability assessment of indicators for global and national monitoring purposes

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Diets are changing everywhere, and the burden of disease associated with unhealthy diets is a worldwide concern. Measurement and monitoring of diets across countries and population groups is critical. However, there are no harmonized metrics for tracking how the healthfulness of diets around the wor... more

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Epidemic meningitis surveillance in the African meningitis belt

World Health Organization WHO (2014) C_WHO

This document is intended to serve as a reference for national public health policy-makers. It outlines the scope of potential meningitis surveillance strategies that make it possible to obtain the data required for epidemic detection, monitoring of epidemiological and microbiological trends, evalua... more

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The Core Elements of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2019) C_CDC

The Core Elements of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship provides a framework for antibiotic stewardship for outpatient clinicians and facilities that routinely provide antibiotic treatment. This report augments existing guidance for other clinical settings. In 2014 and 2015, respectively, CDC release... more

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Fondements de l'immunisation

USAID USAID (2004) CC

Ce guide donne un aperçu complet des informations essentielles relatives à la vaccination, notamment des informations techniques sur les vaccins, un examen des meilleures pratiques de gestion des programmes de vaccination, des conseils sur la prestation des services de vaccination, le suivi et l'�... more

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Planning Guidance for Response to a Nuclear Detonation

Interagency Policy Coordination Subcommitee for Preparedness & Response to Radiological and Nuclear Threats (2010)

The purpose of this guidance is to provide emergency planners with nuclear detonationspecific response recommendations to maximize the preservation of life in the event of an urban nuclear detonation. This guidance addresses the unique effects and impacts of a nuclear detonation such as scale of ... more

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The Minimum Standards for Age and Disability Inclusion in Humanitarian Action
recommended

ADCAP Age & Disability Capacity; USAID; UKAid; IFRC; et al. Help Age International (2015) CC

The Minimum Standards for Age and Disability Inclusion in Humanitarian Action inform the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of humanitarian programmes across all sectors and phases of response, and in all emergency contexts, ensuring older people and people with disabilities are not e... more

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Water Under Fire: Attacks on water and sanitation services in armed conflict and the impacts on children

Unicef (2021) C_UNICEF

In many conflicts around the world, more children die from diseases linked to unsafe water than from direct violence. UNICEF is releasing Water Under Fire volume 3, a report that highlights the issues children face in accessing water in times of war. The report demonstrates the humanitarian impact o... more

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National Guidelines for the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases

Ministry of Health Ghana Republic of Ghana (2019) CC

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a growing public health problem in Ghana and other African countries. Strokes and other CVDs have become a leading cause of death due to increasing risk factors such as hypertension. According to the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD), ischaemic heart disease was... more

Myanmar 2019 Humanitarian needs overview recommended

The Minimum Standards for Age and Disability Inclusion in Humanitarian Action recommended

Myanmar 2019 Humanitarian needs overview
recommended

The Minimum Standards for Age and Disability Inclusion in Humanitarian Action
recommended