El VIH/sida, desconocido 30 años atrás, se ha constituido en un problema de salud
mundial de una magnitud sin precedentes, considerándose que aproximadamente 25 millones de personas han fallecido en todo el mundo a causa del VIH.
De acuerdo al informe de ONUSIDA sobre la Epidemia Mundial de sida 2008, se
estima que en el año 2007, 370.000 niños menores de 15 años se infectaron con el
VIH. A nivel mundial, el número de niños menores de 15 años que viven con el VIH
aumentó de 1,6 millones en 2001 a 2 millones en 2...007.
Los efectos de la epidemia entre los niños pequeños son graves y de largo alcance. El sida amenaza con causar un retroceso en los años de progreso constante y en la supervivencia de los niños; ha duplicado la mortalidad infantil en los países más afectados por esta epidemia.
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PNAS 119 (8) e2113947119 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2113947119
Environmental exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can have negative effects on the health of ecosystems and humans. While numerous studies have monitored APIs in rivers, these employ different analytical methods, m...easure different APIs, and have ignored many of the countries of the world. This makes it difficult to quantify the scale of the problem from a global perspective. Furthermore, comparison of the existing data, generated for different studies/regions/continents, is challenging due to the vast differences between the analytical methodologies employed. Here, we present a global-scale study of API pollution in 258 of the world’s rivers, representing the environmental influence of 471.4 million people across 137 geographic regions. Samples were obtained from 1,052 locations in 104 countries (representing all continents and 36 countries not previously studied for API contamination) and analyzed for 61 APIs. Highest cumulative API concentrations were observed in sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia, and South America. The most contaminated sites were in low- to middle-income countries and were associated with areas with poor wastewater and waste management infrastructure and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The most frequently detected APIs were carbamazepine, metformin, and caffeine (a compound also arising from lifestyle use), which were detected at over half of the sites monitored. Concentrations of at least one API at 25.7% of the sampling sites were greater than concentrations considered safe for aquatic organisms, or which are of concern in terms of selection for antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, pharmaceutical pollution poses a global threat to environmental and human health, as well as to delivery of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
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n the countries of the Region of the Americas, there are different forms of organization of health services at the first level of care. Some countries include certain laboratory, dental and diagnostic imaging practices in the first level of care, while other countries centralize these practices in t...he second and third levels of care. Consequently, so that the List of Priority Medical Devices (LPMD) could be adapted to these different forms of organization of health systems in the region of the Americas, modular lists were developed that complement the main list. In this way, to use the LPMD, only those modules that are planned to be offered in a first-level care center are selected, and it is those lists that are analyzed.
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Kenya Quality Model for Health - Health Facilities
This updated glossary for malaria aims to improve communication and mutual understanding within the scientific community, as well as with funding agencies, public health officials responsible for malaria programmes, and policy-makers in malaria-endemic countries
Clinical guideline for paediatric care of tuberculosis and TB-HIV co-infection
Ce programme vous aidera, vous et votre communauté, à comprendre la science du virus qui cause le COVID-19 et d'autres virus similaires. Il vous aidera à comprendre comment ce virus vous affecte ou pourrait vous affecter à l'avenir. Elle vous aidera à comprendre les mesures que vous pouvez pren...dre pour assurer votre sécurité et celle de votre communauté.
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Le COVID-19 est un nouveau coronavirus, proche de celui du Syndrome Respiratoire Aigu Sévère (SRAS) qui avait été à l’origine d’une épidémie meurtrière en 2003. L’infection par ce nouveau coronavirus se manifeste le plus souvent par une fièvre et des signes respiratoires pouvant se co...mpliquer par un syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë. Jusqu’à présent, la plupart des cas graves ont été signalés chez des personnes souffrant d’autres problèmes de santé, comme le cancer, le diabète ou une maladie rénale ; ou encore parmi des travailleurs de la santé qui sont en contact étroit avec les malades.
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Este documento ha sido revisado y aprobado por la Ponencia de Alertas y Planes de Preparación y Respuesta. Este protocolo está en revisión permanente en función de la evolución y nueva información que se disponga de la infección por el nuevo coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 ) .
Practical guide on patient education on the effectiveness of Pulmonary Tuberculosis treatment at Salasaca Health Centre
ABOUT THE REPORT
Based on more than seventy interviews, surveys of both mainstream and social media in Myanmar, and a desk review of available election-related materials, this report evaluates the environment in which the current electoral cycle, Rakhine conflicts, and the 21st Century Panglong pea...ce process intersect and identifies opportunities for mitigating conflict risks in the lead-up to the 2020 Myanmar election.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Mary Callahan is an associate professor in the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies at the University of Washington. Myo Zaw Oo is an independent researcher focusing on conflict and elections.
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