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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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National Guideline on Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance an Response

Dr. Md. A. Hasan; Dr. S. A. J. Md. Musa; Dr. R. Mahmud et al. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh; World Health Organization (WHO); Unicef; et al. (2016) C2

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Job satisfaction among healthcare workers in Ghana and Kenya during the COVID-19 pandemic: Role of perceived preparedness, stress, and burnout

Afulani PA, Nutor JJ, Agbadi P, Gyamerah AO, Musana J, Aborigo RA, et al. PLOS Global Public Health (2021) CC

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected job satisfaction among healthcare workers; yet this has not been empirically examined in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We addressed this gap by examining job satisfaction and associated factors among healthcare workers in Ghana and Kenya during the COVID-19 pandemic. W... more

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Disability Within the African Culture

Eskay M., Onu V. C., Igbo J. N., Obiyo N., Ugwuanyi L US-China Education Review (2012) CC

special education, culture, psychology, education, policy

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Uso de fármacos antipsicóticos en el tratamiento de la esquizofrenia en niños y adolescentes

Ferrin, M.; H. Gosney; A. Marconi; J. M. Rey IACAPAP (2017) C2

Otros trastornos Capítulo H.5.1 Edición: Matías Irarrázaval & Andres Martin Traductores: Fernanda Prieto-Tagle & Iván Olle Llopis

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Trastorno de personalidad límite en adolescentes

L. Cailhol; L. Gicquel; J.-P. Raynaud IACAPAP (2018) C2

Otros trastornos Capítulo H.4 Editores: Laura Borredá Belda, Matías Irarrázaval & Andres Martin Traductores: Sara Diego Castaño, Laura Álvarez Bravos, Rebeca Santonja & Beatriz Ortega

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Trouble de la personnalité borderline chez l'adolescent

L. Cailhol; L. GicqueL; J. - P. Raynaud IACAPAP (2012) C2

Autres troubles Chapitre H.4

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Slowing of the HIV Epidemic in Ukraine: Evidence from Case Reporting and Key Population Surveys, 2005–2012

C. R. Vitek; J.-I. Cakalo; Y .V. Kruglov; et al. PLOS One (2014) C2

PLOS ONE | www.plosone.org September 2014 | Volume 9 | Issue 9 | e103657

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Geographical, landscape and host associations of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs and lineages

Izeta-Alberdi, A.; Ibarra-Cerdena, C.; Moo-llanes, D.; Ramsey,J. BMC Part of Springer Nature (2016) CC

Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease (CD), considered one of the most important parasitic infections in Latin America. Between 25 and 90 million humans are at infection risk via at least one of multiple infection mechanisms. Under natural conditions, the principal transmissio... more

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Direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 on maternal and child health in Bangladesh

M. M. Ahmmed; M. A. Babu; J. Ferdosy (2021) CC

Bangladesh has been going through incremental trend of GDP growth rates for a long time. The GDP is the key aspect to measure the economic growth of a country. But the current world wide pandemic due to the COVID-19 hardly affects the world’s economy as well as Bangladesh. The present... more

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Identifying Early Adopters of COVID-19 Vaccines in Latin America

Arrieta, A.; A. García-Prado, J.P. Sarmiento, et al. Florida International University (2021) CC

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is currently one of the main obstacles to worldwide herd immunity and socioeconomic recovery. Because vaccine coverage can vary between and within countries, it is important to identify sources of variation so that policies can be tailored to different population groups. ... more

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Tsetse Control and Gambian Sleeping Sickness; Implications for Control Strategy

Tirados, I.; Esterhuizen, J.; Kovacic, V.; Mangwiro, TNC.; Vale, GA et al. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2015) CC

Sleeping sickness is controlled by case detection and treatment but this often only reaches less than 75% of the population. Vector control is capable of completely interrupting HAT transmission but is not used because of expense. We conducted a full scale field trial of a refined vector control tec... more

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Central Medical Stores Botswana 2010 – 2012 Strategic Plan

Thomson, D., Shivanandan, J. &; Brown, T. Ministry of Health, Botswana; PEPFAR; SCMS (2010)

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Plausible role for CHW peer support groups in increasing care-seeking in an integrated community case management project in Rwanda: a mixed methods evaluation

Langston, A., Weiss, J., Landegger, J., et al. Global Health: Science and Practice (2014) CC

The Kabeho Mwana project (2006–2011) supported the Rwanda Ministry of Health (MOH) in scaling up integrated community case management (iCCM) of childhood illness in 6 of Rwanda’s 30 districts. The project trained and equipped community health workers (CHWs) according to national guidelines. In p... more

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Antiretroviral Treatment in the Spotlight: A Public Health Analysis in Latin America and the Caribbean 2013

M. A. Jiménez; S. Cabrera; J. J. Fiol; et al. Pan American Health Organization; World Health Organization (Americas) (2013) C_WHO

Washington, DC, 2013

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Os impactos sociais da Covid-19 no Brasil: populações vulnerabilizadas e respostas à pandemia

Gustavo Corrêa, G.; M.Sergio, R.E. Paiva Souto and J.Segata Série Informação para ação na Covid-19 | Fiocruz (2021) CC

The social impacts of Covid-19 in Brazil: vulnerable populations and responses to the pandemic Passados os primeiros meses da pandemia do novo coronavírus no Brasil, o Observatório Covid-19 Fiocruz, em parceria com a Editora Fiocruz e com o apoio da Rede SciELO Livros, traz para o público leitor... more

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Integration of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for the Prevention and Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Rationale for Inter-Sectoral Collaboration

Freeman, M.C.; Ogden, S.; Jacobson, J. et al PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2013) C2

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002439 South Sudan has a high burden – among the highest in sub-Saharan Africa – of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). This adversely affects the health and social and economic well-being of people in the country. The prevention, control and eventual elim... more

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Assessing the Quality of Care in Family Planning, Antenatal, and Sick Child Services at Health Facilities in Kenya, Namibia, and Senegal

Wang, W., Do, M., Hembling, J. & Ametepi, P. (2014) C1

DHS Analytical Studies No. 44 Rockville, Maryland, USA: ICF International.

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Targeting in Complex Emergencies - South Sudan Country Case Study

Maxwell, D. & Burns, J. Feinstein International Center, Tufts University; WFP (2008)

This research is one case in a study commissioned by the World Food Programme to investigate the participation of recipient community in the targeting and management of humanitarian food assistance in complex emergencies. The study involved a substantial desk review of existing documentation, and th... more

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Take Charge! A Reproductive Health Guide for Women with Disabilities

Healy, K.; Panko Reis, J.; M. Martin Access Living; The Empowered Fe Fes (2016) CC