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Global Fund Board discusses the lessons learned from the Seventh Replenishment and the action plan for the Eighth Replenishment

Independent Observer of Global Fund Aidspan (2023) CC

The Global Fund’s Board meeting on 14-16 November 2023 was its 50th; and among the many issues for information was on resource mobilization. The Board document provided an update on the status of the conversion of pledges and the signing of donor agreements. In addition, it presented the results... more

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EU Facility for Refugees in Turkey List of projects committed/decided, contracted, disbursed

European Commission (2019) CC

The EU Facility has a total budget of €6 billion for humanitarian and development actions: €3 billion for 2016-2017 and €3 billion for 2018-20191. Both tranches combined, all operational funds have been committed, €4.7 billion contracted and more than €3.4 billion disbursed. The operationa... more

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Hypertension (high blood pressure)

World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO

Document provides basic information on Hypertension (symptoms, risk factors, complications, treatment) in a descriptive way.

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An overview of heart failure in low- and middle-income countries

Agbor, V.N.; Ntusi, N.A.B.; Noubiap, J.J. Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy (2020) CC

Heart failure (HF) is a global public health concern with disproportionate socioeconomic, morbidity and mortality burden on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review summarises contemporary data on the demographic and clinical characteristics, aetiologies, treatment, economic burden and ... more

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Summary of WHO infection prevention and control guideline for Ebola and Marburg disease: a call for evidence based practice

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

This article summarises the process involved in developing the updated guideline and includes an infographic to highlight key IPC recommendations from the guideline, following the patient care pathway from the community to a healthcare facility to discharge.

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Health emergency preparedness for imported cases of high-consequence infectious diseases

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ecdc) (2022) C_CDC

Preparedness planning is essential in order to respond effectively to outbreaks, including single case occurrences of highconsequence infectious diseases (HCID), such as the importation of a viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) case

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Measurement properties and interpretation of three shortened versions of the asthma control questionnaire

Juniper, E. F.; Svensson, K.; Mörk, A-C.; et al. Respiratory Medicine (2005) 99, 553–558 (2005) CC2

The Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ)1 was developed and validated to measure the primary clinical goal of asthma management as identified by international guidelines. They indicate that to achieve good control, treatment should minimise day and night time symptoms, activity limitation, airway narr... more

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2023 GINA Main Report, Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention

Global Institute for Asthma (2023) CC2

The 2023 update of the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention incorporates new scientific information about asthma based on a review of recent scientific literature by an international panel of experts on the GINA Science Committee. This comprehensive and practical resource about one o... more

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Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure in Diabetes

Park, J.J. Diabetes & Metabolism Journal (2021) CC

The cardiovascular disease continuum begins with risk factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM), progresses to vasculopathy and myocardial dysfunction, and finally ends with cardiovascular death. Diabetes is associated with a 2- to 4-fold increased risk for heart failure (HF). Moreover, HF patients wit... more

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Guidelines for Management of ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction

Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India (2022) CC

Myocardial infarctions are generally clinically classified into ST elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI), based on changes in ECG. When blood flow to a part of the heart stops or the heart is injured and fails to receive enough oxygen required for its adequate functioning the conditi... more

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Caring for child survivors of sexual abuse guidelines

International Rescue Committee; UN Children's Fund (2024) CC

Sexual abuse perpetrated against children is one of the most significant crises of our time. Child sexual abuse is a significant risk factor for children, in common with other forms of child maltreatment. Sexual abuse can have severe short- and long-term consequences on the physical, mental, social,... more

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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Countering Stigmatization in the Humanitarian Response to COVID-19

InterAction (2024) CC

In most contexts, the social stigma surrounding mental health issues exists because of cultural norms and a lack of understanding of mental health’s complexities and realities, resulting in isolation, increased vulnerability, and lack of support for people with mental health problems. This stig... more

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Selection of essential medicines for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in low and middle income countries

Bazargani, Y.T.; Ugurlu, M.; Leufkens, H.G.M. et al. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders (2018) CC

The incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in low and middle income countries (LMICs) have been increasing, while access to CVDs medicines is suboptimal. We assessed selection of essential medicines for the prevention and treatment of CVDs on national essential medicines lists (NE... more

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Cardiac arrhythmias in low- and middle-income countries

Mkoko, P.; Bahiru, E.; Ajijola, O.A. et al. Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy (2019) CC

Many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are undergoing an epidemiological transition. With an improvement in socioeconomic conditions and an aging population, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), like cardiac arrhythmias, are expected to increase in these countries. However, there are limited studi... more

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ESC Clinical Practice Guidelines on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice: What Patients Need to Know

European Society of Cardiology (2022) CC

This guide for patients aims to provide you with an overview of the latest evidence-based recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. In particular, it should help you to understand: • how cardiovascular disease risk is assessed • the importance of lifestyle modifications for... more

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Cardiovascular disease risk profile and management practices in 45 low-income and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level survey data

Peiris, D.; Ghosh, A.; Manne-Goehler, J. et al. PLoS Medicine (2021) CC

Global cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden is high and rising, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Focussing on 45 LMICs, we aimed to determine (1) the adult population’s median 10-year predicted CVD risk, including its variation within countries by socio-demographic char... more

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Guideline for the pharmacological treatment of hypertension in adults
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

The recommendations cover the level of blood pressure to start medication, what type of medicine or combination of medicines to use, the target blood pressure level, and how often to have follow-up checks on blood pressure. In addition, the guideline provides the basis for how physicians and other h... more

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Challenges in management and prevention of ischemic heart disease in low socioeconomic status people in LLMICs

Gupta, R.; Yusuf, S. BMC Medicine (2019) CC

Cardiovascular diseases, principally ischemic heart disease (IHD), are the most important cause of death and disability in the majority of low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs). In these countries, IHD mortality rates are significantly greater in individuals of a low socioeconomic status (... more

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World Heart Federation Cholesterol Roadmap 2022

Ray, K.K.; Ference, B.A.; Séverin, T. et al. World Heart Federation (2022) CC

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) including myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral arterial disease continue to be major causes of premature death, disability and healthcare expenditure globally. Preventing the accumulation of cholesterol-containing atherogenic lipopr... more

Guideline for the pharmacological treatment of hypertension in adults recommended

Guideline for the pharmacological treatment of hypertension in adults
recommended